scholarly journals A Longitudinal Assessment of Diet Quality and Risks Associated with Malnutrition in Socioeconomic and Racially Diverse Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Fanelli Kuczmarski ◽  
Emily Stave Shupe ◽  
Ryan T. Pohlig ◽  
Rita Rawal ◽  
Alan B. Zonderman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Mean Adequacy Ratio

Little is known about the effects of diet quality through adulthood and its association with malnutrition later in life. The first research objective was to evaluate diet quality assessed by Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) of United States African American and White adults (n = 2066), examined at baseline and two follow-up waves in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study. The sample was split into cohorts by age at study baseline: Younger, <50, and older, ≥50 years. The second objective was to assess the association of MAR and risk for malnutrition in adults who were ≥60 years at wave 4 (n = 746). The Mini Nutritional Assessment was used to determine risk for malnutrition. At each of the three study waves, 17 micronutrients from two 24 h dietary recalls were used to calculate MAR. Over 13 years MAR changed minimally in the younger cohort as they aged from early to middle adulthood. In contrast, a statistically significant decline in MAR was observed for the older cohort between baseline (2004–2009) and wave 4 (2013–2017), with a greater degree of worsening at low energy levels. The risk for malnutrition was significantly associated with consuming a diet low in energy, lower protein as a percent of energy at baseline, as well as being food insecure, a current smoker, and having income <125% poverty. The risk for malnutrition was not associated with a change in protein intake in years prior to age 60, change in MAR scores across waves, MAR at wave 4, age, sex, race, or having hypertension or diabetes. These longitudinal study findings revealed that diet quality was not predictive of risk for malnutrition.

scholarly journals Diet quality is associated with malnutrition and low calf circumference in Canadian long-term care residents

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Carrier ◽  
Lita Villalon ◽  
Christina Lengyel ◽  
Susan E. Slaughter ◽  
Lisa Duizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Term Care

Abstract Background Older adults living in long-term care (LTC) are nutritionally vulnerable. The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality of Canadian LTC residents and its association with malnutrition and low calf circumference. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 32 LTC homes across four Canadian provinces. Nutrient adequacy ratios (NARs) were calculated for seventeen nutrients; mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was calculated to describe overall diet quality. Malnutrition risk was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and diagnosis of protein/energy malnutrition with the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Calf circumference (CC) was also assessed. Linear and logistic regressions for these outcomes with diet quality as the predictor were conducted adjusting for covariates. Results Average MNA-SF score was 10.7 ± 2.5. Residents (43.5%) had mild/moderate to severe malnutrition based on the PG-SGA and 32.6% had a CC of < 31 cm. Mean MAR score was 0.79 ± 0.09 with significant differences between those requiring eating assistance (0.77 ± 0.11) and those that did not require assistance (0.80 ± 0.07) (p < .05). MAR score was significantly associated with malnutrition in fully adjusted models: MNA-SF scores [β = 5.34, 95% Confidence interval (CI) (2.81, 7.85)] and PG-SGA [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.49, 95% CI (0.38, 0.64)]. Those who had better diet quality were more likely to be well nourished or not at risk. Although several individual nutrients were associated with low CC (< 31 cm), there was no association between overall diet quality (MAR) and low CC. Conclusions Diet quality is associated with malnutrition and individual nutrients (NARs) with a low CC. In addition to calories and protein, nutrient dense diets that promote adequate micronutrient intake are required in LTC.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Association between Social Frailty and Diet Quality, Diet Quantity, and Nutrition in Community-Dwelling Elderly

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2845
Author(s):  
Chi Hsien Huang ◽  
Kiwako Okada ◽  
Eiji Matsushita ◽  
Chiharu Uno ◽  
Shosuke Satake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
Poor Nutrition

The effects of social frailty on diet and nutrition are under-investigated. Our study aimed to assess the association between social frailty and diet quality, diet quantity, and nutrition over a 3-year period in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. This prospective cohort study recruited individuals aged ≥60 years from a community college and followed up 666 participants annually. Social frailty was determined using a 4-item questionnaire. Diet quantity (energy and macronutrient intake) and diet quality (dietary diversity score and Diet Quality Index-International) were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Nutrition was evaluated using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Out of the 666 participants (56.5% women), 250 (37.5%) were categorized as having social prefrailty or frailty. Regarding diet quantity, energy intake (β = −1.59kcal/kg/day, p < 0.01) and nutrient intake (protein intake, β = −0.08g/kg/day; fat intake, β = −0.06g/kg/day; carbohydrate intake, β = −0.18g/kg/day; fiber intake, β = −0.01g/kg/day; all p < 0.05) were lower in men with social prefrailty or frailty than in men with social robustness. Dietary diversity score (β = −0.25, p = 0.01) and MNA score (β = −0.32, p = 0.04) decreased in men with social prefrailty or frailty. However, these associations were not observed in women. Social frailty is associated with lower dietary intake, poor diet quality, and poor nutrition among community-dwelling older men. Future studies are required to determine the benefits of sex-specific interventions targeting social frailty on nutritional outcomes.

Nutritional assessment of institutionalized elderly in the city of Praia Grande/SP

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Vinicius T. Lauria ◽  
Gilmar Esteves ◽  
Cauê Vazquez La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Bruna Renó ◽  
Luiz Marono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The City

Introduction: The long stay institution for elderly people offer many advantages to these people, but we can as well observe some problems, mainly caused by the radical change in their routine, what can lead to alterations in their habits, especially in the eating habits. Objective: To assess the nutritional status of the institutionalized elderly population in the city of Praia Grande/SP, Brazil. Methods: The sample was composed of 391 subjects: 109 men and 282 women. The nutritional assessment was performed through the Mini Nutritional Assessment. The anthropometric assessment consisted of body mass measures height, body mass index, arm circumference and calf circumference. Results: The results revealed that 49.6% of the elderly present either risk of malnutrition or malnutrition. Conclusion: The data reflects the need to build new policies concerning the care-related issues in healthy aging, including qualified assistance in long stay institutions.Key-words: ageing, public health, prevention, nutrition.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Diet Quality with Proportion of Daily Energy Contributed by Sandwiches Varies by Age over Adulthood in Racially and Socioeconomically Diverse Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2807
Author(s):  
Marie Fanelli Kuczmarski ◽  
May A. Beydoun ◽  
Nancy Cotugna ◽  
Elizabeth Schwenk ◽  
Michele K. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Sandwiches are considered a staple in diets of United States adults. Previous research with Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study participants revealed that 16% consume a sandwich dietary pattern providing with 44% of their daily energy. Yet, little is known about the effect of sandwiches on diet quality over time. The study objectives were to determine the relationship of energy contributed by sandwiches to diet quality in this socioeconomically and racially diverse sample categorized by age (<50 years and ≥50 years at baseline) and to describe patterns of sandwich consumption over ~12 years. The analyses included a series of linear mixed-effects regression models, with age as the time variable centered at 50 years. In each model, the main outcome was Healthy Eating Index-2010 score with up to three scores, while the main predictor was % total energy from sandwiches (0, >0–20%, >20%) measured concurrently at each visit. Diet quality of older men with income <125% poverty improved over time for those consuming >0–20% and >20% energy from sandwiches compared to young women with incomes >125% poverty who were non-reporters of sandwiches (β ± SE: 10.93 ± 5.27, p = 0.01; 13.11 ± 4.96, p = 0.01, respectively). The three most common sandwich types reported, in descending order, were cold cuts, beef, and poultry.

New conditions identified through a comprehensive geriatric assessment in cancer patients.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 133-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Jara-Almonte Edwards ◽  
Holly Michelle Holmes ◽  
Heather Valladarez ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
Peter Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Co Morbidity

133 Background: Chronologic age cannot be used to predict the degree of comorbidity and of functional deterioration of older adults. Assessment of older adults includes health, functional status, nutrition, cognition, socio-economic and mood disorders evaluations. This multidisciplinary assessment is referred to as comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). The risk of comorbid conditions increases with age and may result in under diagnosis: in older patients, new symptoms may not be clearly recognized by the patient and may be dismissed by practitioners as manifestations of preexisting conditions. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis, of older adult patients (aged 70 years of age and older) evaluated at the Program for Healthy Aging at MD Anderson from January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2014. Assessment was conducted using Katz’ ADLs, Lawton’s IADLs, PHQ-9, the short physical performance battery, the Montreal cognitive assessment, mini nutritional assessment and Charlson co-morbidity index. Medication review and social assessment were also included. Analysis: cross tabulations were performed in SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute INC, Cary, NC) Results: We evaluated 198 patients, (n = 99, 51.6% females). Most common malignancies evaluated included hematologic malignancies (n = 62, 33%), breast cancer (n = 32, 13.2 %), prostate cancer (n = 19, 10 %) and other solid malignancies (n = 85, 43%). The comprehensive geriatric assessment identified a mean of 3 new conditions (range 1-10). The most commonly identified conditions included cognitive impairment and dementia (n = 148, 77%), low bone mass and osteoporosis (n = 67, 34%), malnutrition (n = 65, 34%), frailty (n = 58, 30.2%), and polypharmacy (n = 64, 33%). These conditions are relevant in the management of such patients and could lead to recurring admissions if left unaddressed. Conclusions: A CGA program in a cancer center allows for the identification of medical conditions that directly contribute to clinical outcomes. A CGA allows for the development of a comprehensive plan of care that addresses such issues preventing adverse consequences.

Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Traumapatienten

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
E.C. Bliemel ◽  
R. Aigner ◽  
C. Rolfes ◽  
S. Ruchholtz ◽  
B. Buecking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Prädiktive Validität ◽  
Nutritional Risk Screening

ZusammenfassungDie Inzidenz von Mangelernährung geriatrischer Patienten wird im Allgemeinen mit über 50 % angegeben. Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Traumapatienten rangiert im Kollektiv der proximalen Femurfrakturen zwischen 30 und 50 %. Insgesamt erscheinen sowohl die angegebenen Häufigkeiten als auch die angewandten Messinstrumente inhomogen. Malnutrition führt zu einer Verschlechterung der Wundheilung, einer längeren postoperativen Immobilität, einem verlängerten Krankenhausaufenthalt sowie zu einer Steigerung der Mortalität. Unter Hinzuziehung bestehender Leitlinien erreichen das Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) sowie das Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) eine ausreichende prädiktive Validität in diesem geriatrischen Patientengut, um ein Screening auf Mangelernährung durchzuführen. Bezüglich möglicher therapeutischer Interventionen ist die Studienlage limitiert: Vorhandene Studien zeigen oft eine geringe Patientenzahl und demente Patienten, die besonders häufig mangelernährt sind, wurden häufig ausgeschlossen. Eine Leitlinie explizit für dieses spezielle Patientengut existiert aktuell nicht. Ein suffizientes Screening des Ernährungszustandes sowie Daten zur Durchführbarkeit und Effizienz einer kurzfristigen perioperativen Nahrungsergänzung könnten einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung dieser oft multimorbiden und fragilen Patienten leisten.

scholarly journals Quality of life, symptoms and dietary habits in oncology outpatients with malnutrition: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Sonneborn-Papakostopoulos ◽  
Clara Dubois ◽  
Viktoria Mathies ◽  
Mara Heß ◽  
Nicole Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Organization

AbstractCancer-related malnutrition has a high prevalence, reduces survival and increases side effects. The aim of this study was to assess oncology outpatients and risk of malnutrition. Reported symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in patients found to be at risk of malnutrition or malnourished were compared to patients without malnutrition. Using a standardized questionnaire, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire for Quality of Life and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), patients in an outpatient cancer clinic undergoing chemotherapy treatment at a German University Hospital were assessed for nutrition, risk of malnutrition and quality of life. Based on the MNA, 39 (45.9%) patients were categorized as malnourished or at risk for malnutrition. Loss of appetite (n = 37.6%, p < 0.001) and altered taste sensation (n = 30,3%, p < 0.001) were the symptoms most frequently associated with reduced food intake. Patients with risk of malnutrition scored lower on the global health status (n = 48.15%, p = 0.001). Side effects of cancer treatments lead to a higher risk of malnutrition and as a consequence lower QoL. These side effects should be addressed more efficiently in cancer care.

scholarly journals Caregiver Status and Diet Quality in Community-Dwelling Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Sharmin Hossain ◽  
May A. Beydoun ◽  
Michele K. Evans ◽  
Alan B. Zonderman ◽  
Marie F. Kuczmarski
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of diet quality with middle-aged caregiver status. Methods: Caregiving in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study (57.7% women, 62% African American (AA)) was measured at waves 3 (2009–2013) and 4 (2013–2017) (mean follow-up time 4.1 years). Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) derived from two separate 24 h diet recalls. Multivariable ordinary least square regression was performed for cross-sectional analyses of the association of wave 4 caregiving with wave 4 HEI-2010. Wave 3 caregiving was examined both cross-sectionally and with annual rate of change in HEI using mixed-effects linear regression Models. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, and poverty status. Results: Cross-sectional analyses at wave 4 demonstrate an inverse association of frequent caregiving (“Daily or Weekly” vs. “Never”) for grandchildren with HEI-2010 total score (i.e., lower diet quality) among Whites (β = −2.83 ± 1.19, p = 0.03, Model 2) and AAs (β = −1.84 ± 0.79, p = 0.02,). The “cross-sectional” analysis pertaining to grandchildren caregiving frequency suggested that frequent caregiving (i.e., “Daily or Weekly” vs. “Never” (β = −2.90 ± 1.17, p = 0.04)) only among Whites was inversely related to HEI-2010 total score. Total HEI-2010 score was also related to caring (Model 1), for the elderly over “5 years vs. Never” among Whites (−7.31 ± 3.54, p = 0.04, Model 2). Longitudinally, we found slight potential improvement in diet quality over time (“Daily or Weekly” vs. Never by TIME interaction: +0.88 ± 0.38, p = 0.02) with frequent caregiving among Whites, but not so among AAs. Conclusions: Frequent caring for grandchildren had an inverse relationship with the diet quality of White and AA urban middle-aged caregivers, while caring for elderly was inversely linked to diet quality among Whites only. Longitudinal studies should address the paucity of research on caregivers’ nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Malnutrition and Depression in Elderly People: An Epidemiological Study in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aydoğan ◽  
A Ünsal ◽  
D Arslantaş
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Malnutrition is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition increases the number of hospitalizations and prolongs the length of hospitalization by disrupting organ functions, increasing the number and severity of infections and delaying wound healing. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of suspected malnutrition in the elderly, to examine some related variables and to evaluate the depression. Methods The study is a cross-sectional study conducted between March-April 2019 in individuals aged 60 years and older living in Sivrihisar. Sample size was calculated as 579. Cluster sampling method used. Data was collected by door to door in 4 neighborhoods determined by randomly. Mini Nutritional Assessment Test-Short Form (for malnutrition), Katz Daily Living Activities Scale (for dependency) and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (for depression) were used. Chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis were used for the analyzes. Results The study group consisted of 220 (38%) women and 359 (62%) men. The mean age was 68.9±6.4 (ranged 60-93). Frequency of suspected malnutrition was 25% (n = 145). Being 80 years of age or older (OR:3.24, CI:1.53-6.85), having a primary and lower education level (OR:2.54, CI:1.32-4.90), history of chronic illness (OR:2.34, CI:1.33-4.03), using dentures (OR:1.62, CI:1.03-2.55) and suspected depression (OR:4.97, CI:3.17-7.78) are important risk factors for malnutrition. Those with suspicion of malnutrition had lower scores on DLA (z = 8.982;p=0.001). Conclusions Malnutrition was found to be an important health problem for the elderly. The frequency of suspected malnutrition is higher in individuals with depression. Those with suspected malnutrition have higher level of dependency. In order to reduce the frequency of malnutrition, it may be beneficial to increase the awareness of the elderly and caregivers and to give importance to the elderly nutrition of primary health care providers. Key messages Depression is an important risk factor for malnutrition. Malnutrition increases the dependence of the individual on daily activities.

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