scholarly journals Long-Term Feeding of a High-Fat Diet Ameliorated Age-Related Phenotypes in SAMP8 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1416
Author(s):  
Hideaki Oike ◽  
Yukino Ogawa ◽  
Kayo Azami
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nutritional Studies ◽  
Samp8 Mice

High-fat diets (HFD) have been thought to increase the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome, as well as shorten lifespan. On the other hand, chrono-nutritional studies have shown that time-restricted feeding during active phase significantly suppresses the induction of HFD-induced obesity in mouse model. However, the long-term effects of time-restricted HFD feeding on aging are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we set up a total of four groups: mutual combination of ad libitum feeding or night-time-restricted feeding (NtRF) and an HFD or a control diet. We examined their long-term effects in a senescence-accelerated mouse strain, SAMP8, for over a year. Hearing ability, cognitive function, and other behavioral and physiological indexes were evaluated during the study. Unexpectedly, SAMP8 mice did not show early onset of death caused by the prolonged HFD intake, and both HFD and NtRF retarded age-related hearing loss (AHL). NtRF improved grip strength and cognitive memory scores, while HFD weakly suppressed age-related worsening of the appearance scores associated with the eyes. Notably, the HFD also retarded the progression of AHL in both DBA/2J and C57BL/6J mice. These results suggest that HFD prevents aging unless metabolic disorders occur and that HFD and NtRF are independently effective in retarding aging; thus, the combination of HFD and chrono-nutritional feeding may be an effective anti-aging strategy.

scholarly journals Impact of high-fat diet on lifespan, metabolism, fecundity and behavioral senescence in Drosophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sifang Liao ◽  
Mirjam Amcoff ◽  
Dick R. Nässel
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adipokinetic Hormone ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lipid Stores ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractExcess consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is likely to result in obesity and increases the predisposition to associated health disorders. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an important model to study the effects of HFD on metabolism, gut function, behavior, and ageing. In this study, we investigated the effects of HFD on physiology and behavior of female flies at different time-points over several weeks. We found that HFD decreases lifespan, and also with age leads to accelerated decline of climbing ability in both virgins and mated flies. In virgins HFD also increased sleep fragmentation with age. Furthermore, long-term exposure to HFD results in elevated adipokinetic hormone (AKH) transcript levels and an enlarged crop with increased lipid stores. We detected no long-term effects of HFD on body mass, or levels of triacylglycerides (TAG), glycogen or glucose, although fecundity was diminished. However, one week of HFD resulted in decreased body mass and elevated TAG levels in mated flies. Finally, we investigated the role of AKH in regulating effects of HFD during aging. Both with normal diet (ND) and HFD, Akh mutant flies displayed increased longevity compared to control flies. However, both mutants and controls showed shortened lifespan on HFD compared to ND. In flies exposed to ND, fecundity is decreased in Akh mutants compared to controls after one week, but increased after three weeks. However, HFD leads to a similar decrease in fecundity in both genotypes after both exposure times. Thus, long-term exposure to HFD increases AKH signaling, impairs lifespan and fecundity and augments age-related behavioral senescence.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Kasai Portoenterostomy for Biliary Atresia Treatment in Russia

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Anna Degtyareva ◽  
Alexander Razumovskiy ◽  
Nadezhda Kulikova ◽  
Sergey Ratnikov ◽  
Elena Filippova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Kasai Portoenterostomy ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Age Related

This prospective study enrolled 144 patients after surgical treatment of biliary atresia in early infancy. We analyzed the immediate effectiveness of the surgery and the age-related structure of complications in the up to 16-year follow-up. The immediate 2-year survival rate after the surgery constituted 49.5%. At the time of this writing, 17 of the patients had celebrated their 10th birthdays with good quality of life and no indications for transplantation of the liver. The obtained results underscore the critical importance of surgical correction of biliary atresia by Kasai surgery in the first 60 days of life and subsequent dynamic follow-up of patients for the purpose of the early detection and timely correction of possible complications.

scholarly journals Time-Restricted Feeding a High-fat Diet in Mice Elevates Plasma Concentration of Saturated Fatty Acids but Reduces Concentrations of Multiple Amino Acids (OR27-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bret Rust ◽  
Aaron Mehus ◽  
Joseph Idso ◽  
Matthew Picklo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract Objectives Obesity and obesity-related disease contribute to health care costs and pose serious health risks. Rodent studies indicate that time-restricted feeding (TRF) may be effective in reducing adiposity and metabolic disease associated with obesity. However, the metabolic pathways impacted by TRF in the context of obesogenic, high-fat (HF) diets need clarity. In the present work we examined the metabolomic changes in plasma induced by TRF of a HF diet in mice compared to a HF diet eaten ad libitum (AL) vs AL intake of a low-fat (LF) control diet. Methods Male mice (12 weeks old) were fed a LF-AL diet (16%en fat), a HF-AL diet (48%en fat) or a HF diet restricted to feeding for 12 hours per day during the dark phase (HF-TRF). In week 9 of the study, energy expenditure data were collected. After 12 weeks, animals were fasted and plasma collected for clinical chemistries and metabolomic analysis. Multivariate analysis was used to discriminate diet treatments in untargeted metabolomic data. Results Energy expenditure measurements throughout the day showed a markedly reduced fasting respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in HF-TRF mice during the inactive (light) phase compared to AL groups. Measures of insulin resistance, while increased with HF-AL intake, were resolved in the HF-TRF group. Partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and amino acids (AA) to be important discriminators between diet treatments. TRF resulted in elevated NEFA concentrations of the saturated fatty acids (12:0 to 18:0) and the polyunsaturated fatty acids α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid compared to HF-AL. Conversely, the concentrations of aromatic and branched chain amino acids were reduced in HF-TRF mice compared to HF-AL mice. Conclusions Alterations in plasma metabolites following TRF of a HF diet are consistent with greater lipid utilization during the inactive phase as reflected in the RER. Decreases in the aromatic and branched chain amino acid concentrations are consistent with improved insulin sensitivity in humans. Funding Sources This work was supported by USDA-ARS project 3062-51000-053-00D. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Long term effects of high fat diet given early in life in prenatally stressed rats: role of the inflammatory response

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S225-S226
Author(s):  
M. Mazzelli ◽  
N. Cattane ◽  
C. Mora ◽  
V. Begni ◽  
A. Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Prenatally Stressed

scholarly journals Overweight and diabetes prevention: is a low-carbohydrate–high-fat diet recommendable?

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1301-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Brouns
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Abstract In the past, different types of diet with a generally low-carbohydrate content (< 50–< 20 g/day) have been promoted, for weight loss and diabetes, and the effectiveness of a very low dietary carbohydrate content has always been a matter of debate. A significant reduction in the amount of carbohydrates in the diet is usually accompanied by an increase in the amount of fat and to a lesser extent, also protein. Accordingly, using the term “low carb–high fat” (LCHF) diet is most appropriate. Low/very low intakes of carbohydrate food sources may impact on overall diet quality and long-term effects of such drastic diet changes remain at present unknown. This narrative review highlights recent metabolic and clinical outcomes of studies as well as practical feasibility of low LCHF diets. A few relevant observations are as follows: (1) any diet type resulting in reduced energy intake will result in weight loss and related favorable metabolic and functional changes; (2) short-term LCHF studies show both favorable and less desirable effects; (3) sustained adherence to a ketogenic LCHF diet appears to be difficult. A non-ketogenic diet supplying 100–150 g carbohydrate/day, under good control, may be more practical. (4) There is lack of data supporting long-term efficacy, safety and health benefits of LCHF diets. Any recommendation should be judged in this light. (5) Lifestyle intervention in people at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, while maintaining a relative carbohydrate-rich diet, results in long-term prevention of progression to type 2 diabetes and is generally seen as safe.

Long-term effects of high-fat diets on peroxisomal β-oxidation in male and female rats

Lipids ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Thomassen ◽  
J. Norseth ◽  
E. N. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Long-Term Outcomes of Rheohaemapheresis in the Treatment of Dry Form of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Studnička ◽  
Eva Rencová ◽  
Milan Bláha ◽  
Pavel Rozsíval ◽  
Miriam Lánská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Treated Patient ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Age Related

Purpose. Determining long-term effects of rheohaemapheresis on the dry form of age-related macular degeneration.Methods. This study evaluates 19 patients, average age of 67.6 years, treated with rheohaemapheresis and 18 patients, average age of 72.8 years, comprising the control group. Minimum follow up period was 3.5 years. Each treated patient received a series of 8 sessions of rheohaemapheresis of 1.5 plasma volumes within 10 weeks. We measured the drusenoid pigment epithelium detachment (DPED), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), electroretinography (ERG), and rheological parameters.Results. In the treatment group, the baseline BCVA was 0.74 (0.36–1.0) 95% CI and BCVA after 3.5 years was 0.79 (0.41–1.0) 95% CI (P=0.726). In the control group, the baseline BCVA was 0.71 (0.15–1.0) 95% CI and BCVA after 3.5 years decreased to 0.7 (0.32–0.87) 95% CI (P=0.031). Baseline DPED was 6.78 ± 3.79 mm2; after 3.5 years, it decreased to 4.13 ± 3.84 mm2(P<0.001). In the control group, the baseline DPED was 4.09 ± 3.48 mm2; after 3.5 years, it increased to 6.69 ± 4.2 mm2(P=0.001). We noted increasing levels of positive wave peaking at 50 milliseconds (P50) after treatment (P=0.022) and a stable amplitude of photopic responses of treated patients.Conclusion. Over the long term, rheohaemapheresis reduced the DPED, improved the function of photoreceptors, and prevented the decline of BCVA.

Long term effects of high fat and sucrose diets on obesity and lymphocyte proliferation in mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Sato-Mito ◽  
M. Suzui ◽  
H. Yoshino ◽  
T. Kaburagi ◽  
K. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Time-restricted feeding from adulthood to old age improves biconditional associative learning in geriatric rats regardless of macronutrient composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbi R. Hernandez ◽  
Quinten P. Federico ◽  
Sara N. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
Ad Libitum

AbstractDeclining health and cognition are hallmarks of advanced age that reduce both the quality and length of the lifespan. While caloric restriction has been highlighted as a dietary intervention capable of improving the healthspan by restoring metabolic function in late life, time-restricted feeding and changes in dietary macronutrient composition may be more feasible alternatives with similar health outcomes. To investigate the potential of these two interventions, a pilot cohort of fully mature adult rats were placed on a time-restricted feeding regimen of a ketogenic or micronutrient and calorically matched control diet from 8 to 21 months of age. A third group of rats was permitted to eat standard chow ad libitum. At 22 months, all rats were then placed on time-restricted feeding and tested on a biconditional association task. While the data presented here are preliminary (small sample size of 3-4/diet group), additional animals are currently undergoing the feeding regimen, and will be added into the behavioral studies at a later date. For the current data, regardless of dietary composition, time-restricted-fed rats performed significantly better than ad libitum-fed rats. This observation could not be accounted for by differences in motivation, procedural or sensorimotor impairments, indicating that mid-life dietary interventions capable of preventing metabolic impairments may also serve to prevent age-related cognitive decline.

Age-Related Degradation of Steam Generator Internals Based on Industry Responses to Generic Letter 97-06

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Subudhi ◽  
E. J. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Steam Generator ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The U.S

This paper presents the results of an aging assessment of the nuclear power industry’s responses to NRC Generic Letter 97-06 on the degradation of steam generator internals experienced at Electricite de France (EdF) plants in France and at a United States pressurized water reactor (PWR). Westinghouse (W), Combustion Engineering (CE), and Babcock & Wilcox (B & W) steam generator models, currently in service at U.S. nuclear power plants, potentially could experience degradation similar to that found at EdF plants and the U.S. plant. The steam generators in many of the U.S. PWRs have been replaced with steam generators with improved designs and materials. These replacement steam generators have been manufactured in the U.S. and abroad. During this assessment, each of the three owners groups (W, CE, and B&W) identified for its steam generator models all the potential internal components that are vulnerable to degradation while in service. Each owners group developed inspection and monitoring guidance and recommendations for its particular steam generator models. The Nuclear Energy Institute incorporated in NEI 97-06, “Steam Generator Program Guidelines,” a requirement to monitor secondary side steam generator components if their failure could prevent the steam generator from fulfilling its intended safety-related function. Licensees indicated that they implemented or planned to implement, as appropriate for their steam generators, their owners group recommendations to address the long-term effects of the potential degradation mechanisms associated with the steam generator internals.

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