scholarly journals Understanding the Composition, Biosynthesis, Accumulation and Transport of Flavonoids in Crops for the Promotion of Crops as Healthy Sources of Flavonoids for Human Consumption

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee-Shan Ku ◽  
Ming-Sin Ng ◽  
Sau-Shan Cheng ◽  
Annie Wing-Yi Lo ◽  
Zhixia Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Antioxidative Properties ◽  
Proper Balance ◽  
Flavonoid Accumulation

Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic compounds that naturally occur in plants. Sub-groups of flavonoids include flavone, flavonol, flavanone, flavanonol, anthocyanidin, flavanol and isoflavone. The various modifications on flavonoid molecules further increase the diversity of flavonoids. Certain crops are famous for being enriched in specific flavonoids. For example, anthocyanins, which give rise to a purplish color, are the characteristic compounds in berries; flavanols are enriched in teas; and isoflavones are uniquely found in several legumes. It is widely accepted that the antioxidative properties of flavonoids are beneficial for human health. In this review, we summarize the classification of the different sub-groups of flavonoids based on their molecular structures. The health benefits of flavonoids are addressed from the perspective of their molecular structures. The flavonoid biosynthesis pathways are compared among different crops to highlight the mechanisms that lead to the differential accumulation of different sub-groups of flavonoids. In addition, the mechanisms and genes involved in the transport and accumulation of flavonoids in crops are discussed. We hope the understanding of flavonoid accumulation in crops will guide the proper balance in their consumption to improve human health.

scholarly journals Impact of Bacillus in fermented soybean foods on human health

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishala Gopikrishna ◽  
Harini Keerthana Suresh Kumar ◽  
Kumar Perumal ◽  
Elavarashi Elangovan
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Food Pathogens ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Fermented Soybean Foods

Abstract Purpose Fermented soybean foods (FSF) is popularly consumed in the South-East Asian countries. Bacillus species, a predominant microorganism present in these foods, have demonstrated beneficial and deleterious impacts on human health. These microorganisms produce bioactive compounds during fermentation that have beneficial impacts in improving human health. However, the health risks associated with FSF, food pathogens, biogenic amines (BAs) production, and late-onset anaphylaxis, remain a concern. The purpose of this review is to present an in-depth analysis of positive and negative impacts as a result of consumption of FSF along with the measures to alleviate health risks for human consumption. Methods This review was composed by scrutinizing contemporary literature of peer-reviewed publications related to Bacillus and FSF. Based on the results from academic journals, this review paper was categorized into FSF, role of Bacillus species in these foods, process of fermentation, beneficial, and adverse influence of these foods along with methods to improve food safety. Special emphasis was given to the potential benefits of bioactive compounds released during fermentation of soybean by Bacillus species. Results The nutritional and functional properties of FSF are well-appreciated, due to the release of peptides and mucilage, which have shown health benefits: in managing cardiac disease, gastric disease, cancer, allergies, hepatic disease, obesity, immune disorders, and especially microbial infections due to the presence of probiotic property, which is a potential alternative to antibiotics. Efficient interventions were established to mitigate pitfalls like the techniques to reduce BAs and food pathogens and by using a defined starter culture to improve the safety and quality of these foods. Conclusion Despite some of the detrimental effects produced by these foods, potential health benefits have been observed. Therefore, soybean foods fermented by Bacillus can be a promising food by integrating effective measures for maintaining safety and quality for human consumption. Further, in vivo analysis on the activity and dietary interventions of bioactive compounds among animal models and human volunteers are yet to be achieved which is essential to commercialize them for safe consumption by humans, especially immunocompromised patients.

scholarly journals How can electric lighting contribute to human health and well-being?

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
P Raynham
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Electric Light ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Hypothetical Explanation

Electric light in buildings may provide some health benefits; however, for most people these benefits are likely to be small. It is possible for electric lighting to cause health problems, if there is too little light or there is glare, but for the most part there is good guidance available and these problems can be avoided. The quality of the lit environment can have a psychological impact and this may in turn impact well-being. A starting point for this is perceived adequacy of illumination. Related lighting metrics are examined and a hypothetical explanation is suggested.

Flavonoids in seeds and grains: physiological function, agronomic importance and the genetics of biosynthesis

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Winkel Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Reproductive Structures

AbstractFlavonoids are secondary metabolites that are present at high levels in most plant seeds and grains. These compounds appear to play vital roles in defence against pathogens and predators and contribute to physiological functions such as seed maturation and dormancy. At the same time, particular subclasses of flavonoids, such as the proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins), negatively impact the use of seeds and grains in animal feed and can add undesirable qualities to food products for human consumption. This article presents an overview of investigations into the physiological and agronomic aspects of seed and grain flavonoids as well as a review of molecular genetic studies, particularly in maize,Arabidopsisand soybean, where mutants deficient in flavonoid biosynthesis provide useful tools for stydying the metabolic machinery underlying the accumulation of these compounds in reproductive structures.

scholarly journals Medicinal and biological potential of pumpkin: an updated review

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Yadav ◽  
Shalini Jain ◽  
Radha Tomar ◽  
G. B. K. S. Prasad ◽  
Hariom Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Medical Treatises ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The use of herbal remedies individually or in combination with standard medicines has been used in various medical treatises for the cure of different diseases. Pumpkin is one of the well-known edible plants and has substantial medicinal properties due to the presence of unique natural edible substances. It contains several phyto-constituents belonging to the categories of alkaloids, flavonoids, and palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Various important medicinal properties including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and others have been well documented. The purpose of the present article is to discuss various medicinal and biological potentials of pumpkin that can impart further research developments with this plant for human health benefits.

scholarly journals Identification of the Trichinella species by PCR method

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Sasa Vasilev ◽  
Jelena Cvetkovic ◽  
Ivana Radovic ◽  
Ljiljana Sofronic-Milosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Sylvatic Cycle ◽  
Trichinella Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Pig Meat

Serbia is country with a high prevalence of Trichinella infection in pigs, which continues to be a serious human health problem. In Serbia, only a few isolates of Trichinella found in pork have been genetically specified to date, and all were proven as T. spiralis. New data shows that in the sylvatic cycle in Serbia, at least in the Belgrade district, more than one Trichinella species co-exist (T. spiralis and T. britovi). Increased awareness of the possible overlap among sylvatic and domestic Trichinella cycles indicates the need for continuous monitoring of Trichinella species circulation and strongly points to the need that all isolates of Trichinella found in meat for human consumption should be subject to a determination of the Trichinella species (due to the risk of transmission of infection with T. britovi to domestic pigs and humans). This is why we examined using PCR the Trichinella larvae found in pig meat that caused a human outbreak (Trichinella infection) in Grocka (Belgrade district) during February 2011. The isolated larvae belonged to T. spiralis.

scholarly journals Designer Eggs with an Increased Content of Omega-3 fatty Acids and Pigments — Production and Health Benefits of their Consumption

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Zlata Kralik ◽  
Gordana Kralik ◽  
Manuela Grčević ◽  
Danica Hanžek ◽  
Ewa Biazik
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Composition Change ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Positive Effect

Designed-enriched products have been recently one of the most interesting areas of research and innovation in the animal production and food industry. These products are considered functional foods and contain ingredients that have beneficial physiological effects on human health. Designed or enriched eggs are an important type of functional food in poultry production. Demand for functional foods in the market has been increasing in recent years. Due to the increased interest of people in buying designed products, there is a production adjustment in the poultry industry. Composition change of laying hens feed affects nutritional composition change of eggs as well as their quality preservation. This process can an effect of the change in the concentration of cholesterol and its fractions, fatty acids, and pigments in eggs. It is evident from the relevant scientific literature that designer eggs consumption can have a positive effect on human health. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to describe different concepts of designer eggs production and emphasize the health benefits of their consumption in humans.

scholarly journals Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and commonly consumed food crops from quarry sites located at Isiagwu, Ebonyi State

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchechi Bliss Onyedikachi ◽  
Donatus Chuka Belonwu ◽  
Mattew Owhonda Wegwu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Bioaccumulation Index

Abstract In view of ensuring healthy agricultural foods for human consumption, this study assessed the human health risk implicated in selected heavy metals in some commonly consumed vegetables, tubers, nuts and fruits grown around the quarry sites at Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Samples from agriculture area of Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, constituted the control. The concentration of Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb, were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The potential non-carcinogenic health risk for consumers which included Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) for Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Cu while carcinogenic health risk using Cancer Slope Factors (CSF) was established for Cd and Pb. Relative abundance of heavy metals across the locations and all samples was in the order Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd. There was statistical significant effect of quarrying activities on the concentration of the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd) at p < 0.05 level. Based on the observed bioconcentration factors, cassava showed more hyperaccumulation potential compared to other samples. Pumpkin and bitter leaf also could be used in remediation owing to their high bioaccumulation index for Pb and Zn. THQ obtained for Mn and Pb were >1 indicating that the residents at the quarry site may be exposed to potential non-carcinogenic health risk due to Mn and Pb intoxication. With respect to US EPA prescriptions, average carcinogenic risk values obtained for Pb and Cd in this study indicated a lifetime (70 years) probability of contracting cancer suggesting that they be placed for further consideration as chemicals of concern with respect to the assessed locals.

Sambucus nigra Berries and Flowers Health Benefits: From Lab Testing to Human Consumption

2019 ◽  
pp. 2261-2295
Author(s):  
Ângelo C. Salvador ◽  
Ricardo J. R. Guilherme ◽  
Armando J. D. Silvestre ◽  
Sílvia M. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Sambucus Nigra
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