scholarly journals Effects of High Intensity Dynamic Resistance Exercise and Whey Protein Supplements on Osteosarcopenia in Older Men with Low Bone and Muscle Mass. Final Results of the Randomized Controlled FrOST Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kemmler ◽  
Matthias Kohl ◽  
Franz Jakob ◽  
Klaus Engelke ◽  
Simon von Stengel
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dynamic Resistance ◽  
Z Score

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of high intensity dynamic resistance exercise (HIT-DRT) and whey protein supplementation (WPS) on bone mineral density (BMD) and sarcopenia parameters in osteosarcopenic men. Men ≥ 72 years with osteosarcopenia (n = 43) were randomly assigned to a HIT-RT (HIT-RT: n = 21) or a non-training control group (n = 22). Supervised HIT-RT twice/week was applied for 18 months, while the control group maintained their habitual lifestyle. Supplying WPS, total protein intake amounted to 1.5–1.6 (HIT-RT) and 1.2 g/kg/body mass/d (control). Both groups were supplied with calcium and vitamin D. Primary study outcomes were BMD and the sarcopenia Z-score. After adjusting for multiplicity, we observed significant positive effects for sarcopenia Z-score (standardized mean difference (SMD): 1.40), BMD at lumbar spine (SMD: 0.72) and total hip (SMD: 0.72). In detail, effect sizes for skeletal muscle mass changes were very pronounced (1.97, p < 0.001), while effects for functional sarcopenia parameters were moderate (0.87, p = 0.008; handgrip strength) or low (0.39, p = 0.209; gait velocity). Apart from one man who reported short periods of temporary worsening of existing joint pain, no HIT-RT/WPS-related adverse effects or injuries were reported. We consider HIT-RT supported by whey protein supplementation as a feasible, attractive, safe and highly effective option to fight osteosarcopenia in older men.

Whey protein supplementation in muscle hypertrophy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Sobral ◽  
D Gomes ◽  
M Silva ◽  
P Martins ◽  
A Baltazar
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Introduction The nutritional intake in the context of a hypertrophy training can affect body composition, the increase of muscle mass and strength. Whey protein seems to promote a reduction in body fat, improve hypertrophy, and other potential health benefits. This protein is one of the highest quality proteins due to its amino acid content (especially leucine) and to the rapid digestibility. Whey protein consumption has a robust ability to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. There are 3 types of whey protein: controlled, insulated and hydrolysed. Objectives The goal of this research is verifying the efficacy of the use of whey protein supplementation in athletes seeking muscle strength and mass gain. Methodology * We analysed scientific articles from 2014 to 2019, based on Pubmed and Google scholar. Keywords such as whey protein, supplement, hypertrophy, muscle mass and nutrition were used. Results From scientific research, six articles were analysed. Thus, it is estimated the analysis of 13 men under the age of 18 years and under 30 years of age. Only men with a percentage of fat mass less than or equal to 23% were selected. Two groups were created: the control group that consumed carbohydrate supplements and the experimental group that consumed 36g/day whey protein. Both groups performed 3 sessions/week of resistance training, and the used dose of protein derived from the diet was 1.4g/Kg/day. Both groups experienced gains in strength, 1 maxi (RM) and fat-free mass (FFM). However, the experimental group had an extra 9% and 27% in 1RM and FFM respectively compared to the control group. Conclusion In short, supplementation with whey protein contributes to the increase of muscle mass and strength in athletes whose training (frequency, volume and duration) and diet are suitable for this purpose.

scholarly journals Protein Supplementation after Exercise and before Sleep Does Not Further Augment Muscle Mass and Strength Gains during Resistance Exercise Training in Active Older Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (11) ◽  
pp. 1723-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M Holwerda ◽  
Maarten Overkamp ◽  
Kevin J M Paulussen ◽  
Joey S J Smeets ◽  
Janneau van Kranenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training

scholarly journals Two-Year Whey Protein Supplementation Did Not Enhance Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Well-Nourished Healthy Older Postmenopausal Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 2520-2526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Deborah A Kerr ◽  
Xingqiong Meng ◽  
Amanda Devine ◽  
Vicky Solah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Supplementation

The Effects of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Acute Hormonal Responses to Resistance Exercise in Men

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Glenn Solomon-Hill ◽  
Brittanie M. Volk ◽  
Brian R. Kupchak ◽  
David P. Looney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Acute Hormonal Responses

Muscle Oxygenation, Neural, and Cardiovascular Responses to Isometric and Workload-matched Dynamic Resistance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Kounoupis ◽  
Konstantina Dipla ◽  
Ioannis Tsabalakis ◽  
Stavros Papadopoulos ◽  
Nikiforos Galanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Dynamic Resistance ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Large Muscle

AbstractDifferences in blood flow patterns and energy cost between isometric and dynamic resistance exercise may result to variant cardiovascular, neural, and muscle metabolic responses. We aimed to compare the cardiovascular, baroreceptor sensitivity, and muscle oxygenation responses between workload-matched, large muscle-mass isometric and dynamic resistance exercises. Twenty-four young men performed an isometric and a dynamic double leg-press protocol (4 sets×2 min) with similar tension time index (workload). Beat-by-beat hemodynamics, baroreceptor sensitivity, muscle oxygenation, and blood lactate were assessed. The increase in blood pressure was greater (p<0.05) in the 1st set during dynamic than isometric exercise (by ~4.5 mmHg), not different in the 2nd and 3rd sets, and greater in the 4th set during isometric exercise (by ~5 mmHg). Dynamic resistance exercise evoked a greater increase in heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and contractility index (p<0.05), and a greater decline in peripheral resistance, baroreceptor sensitivity, and cardiac function indices than isometric exercise (p<0.05). Participants exhibited a greater reduction in muscle oxyhemoglobin and a greater increase in muscle deoxyhemoglobin in dynamic versus isometric exercise (p<0.001–0.05), with no differences in total hemoglobin and blood lactate. In conclusion, large muscle-mass, multiple-set isometric exercise elicits a relatively similar blood pressure but blunted cardiovascular and baroreceptor sensitivity responses compared to workload-matched dynamic resistance exercise. Differences in blood pressure responses between protocols appear small (~5 mmHg) and are affected by the number of sets. The muscle oxidative stimulus is greater during dynamic resistance exercise than workload-matched isometric exercise.

scholarly journals Soluble Whey Protein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Muscle Atrophy Induced by Immobilization via Regulating the PI3K/Akt Pathway in C57BL/6 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3362
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Shin ◽  
Seok Jun Park ◽  
Seung Il Ahn ◽  
Se-Young Choung
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Whey Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Whey Protein Hydrolysate

Sarcopenia, a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is prevalent in older people and associated with functional decline and mortality. Protein supplementation is necessary to maintain skeletal muscle mass and whey protein hydrolysates have the best nutrient quality among food proteins. In the first study, C57BL/6 mice were subjected to immobilization for 1 week to induce muscle atrophy. Then, mice were administered with four different whey protein hydrolysates for 2 weeks with continuous immobilization. Among them, soluble whey protein hydrolysate (WP-S) had the greatest increase in grip strength, muscle weight, and cross-sectional area of muscle fiber than other whey protein hydrolysates. To investigate the molecular mechanism, we conducted another experiment with the same experimental design. WP-S significantly promoted the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and inhibited the PI3K/Akt/forkhead box O (FoxO) pathway. In addition, it increased myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression in both the soleus and quadriceps and changed MyHC isoform expressions. In conclusion, WP-S attenuated muscle atrophy induced by immobilization by enhancing the net protein content regulating muscle protein synthesis and degradation. Thus, it is a necessary and probable candidate for developing functional food to prevent sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Protein Supplementation to Augment the Effects of High Intensity Resistance Training in Untrained Middle-Aged Males: The Randomized Controlled PUSH Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wittke ◽  
Simon von Stengel ◽  
Michael Hettchen ◽  
Michael Fröhlich ◽  
Jürgen Giessing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Stimulus ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Single Set

High intensity (resistance exercise) training (HIT) defined as a “single set resistance exercise to muscular failure” is an efficient exercise method that allows people with low time budgets to realize an adequate training stimulus. Although there is an ongoing discussion, recent meta-analysis suggests the significant superiority of multiple set (MST) methods for body composition and strength parameters. The aim of this study is to determine whether additional protein supplementation may increase the effect of a HIT-protocol on body composition and strength to an equal MST-level. One hundred and twenty untrained males 30–50 years old were randomly allocated to three groups: (a) HIT, (b) HIT and protein supplementation (HIT&P), and (c) waiting-control (CG) and (after cross-over) high volume/high-intensity-training (HVHIT). HIT was defined as “single set to failure protocol” while HVHIT consistently applied two equal sets. Protein supplementation provided an overall intake of 1.5–1.7 g/kg/d/body mass. Primary study endpoint was lean body mass (LBM). LBM significantly improved in all exercise groups (p≤0.043); however only HIT&P and HVHIT differ significantly from control (p≤0.002). HIT diverges significantly from HIT&P (p=0.017) and nonsignificantly from HVHIT (p=0.059), while no differences were observed for HIT&P versus HVHIT (p=0.691). In conclusion, moderate to high protein supplementation significantly increases the effects of a HIT-protocol on LBM in middle-aged untrained males.

scholarly journals High Intensity Resistance Training Methods with and without Protein Supplementation to Fight Cardiometabolic Risk in Middle-Aged Males: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kemmler ◽  
Andreas Wittke ◽  
Michael Bebenek ◽  
Michael Fröhlich ◽  
Simon von Stengel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Intensity Training

Time-effective protocols may potentially increase people’s compliance with exercise. The purpose of this paper was to compare the relative effects of 16 weeks of high intensity (resistance) training (HIT) with and without protein supplementation (HIT&P) and HVHIT (high volume/high intensity training) versus a nontraining control group on cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred and twenty untrained males 30–50 years old were randomly assigned to 3 subgroups: (a) a HIT group; (b) a HIT&P group, and (c) a waiting-control group (phase I) that crossed over to (d) high volume/high intensity training (HVHIT) during the second study phase. HIT was defined as “single set to failure protocol” while HVHIT consistently applied two sets. Protein supplementation provided an overall intake of 1.5 g/kg/body mass. Primary study endpoint was the metabolic syndromeZ-Score (MetS-Z-Score). MetS-Z-Score significantly improved in all exercise groups (p≤0.001) with no significant difference between HIT, HIT&P, and HVHIT (p≥0.829). However, all the exercise groups differed significantly from the CG (p<0.001) which deteriorated significantly (p=0.039). In conclusion, all exercise protocols were similarly effective in improving cardiometabolic risk factors. Thus, HIT may be the best choice for people with low time budgets looking to improve their cardiometabolic health.

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