scholarly journals Association among Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cardiovascular, Obesity, and Anthropometric Variables of Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo J. Marcos-Pardo ◽  
Noelia González-Gálvez ◽  
Alejandro Espeso-García ◽  
Tomás Abelleira-Lamela ◽  
Abraham López-Vivancos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Double Product ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean

The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent and combined associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMedDiet), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and different parameters of overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults. Sixty-two participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Fat mass was measured with Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. AMedDiet and physical activity (PA) were assessed with the PREDIMED and Global PA Questionnaire (GPAQ). Maximal aerobic power was assessed using the 6-min walk test. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) were measured with Omron M6, and double product (DP) and mean BP (MBP) were calculated. Kinanthropometry proportionality variables related to obesity were also calculated. Participants with a low CRF as an independent factor or together with a low AMedDiet obtained significantly higher BP, total and trunk fat mass, and proportionality variables (all p ˂ 0.0001). According to the multiple nonlinear regression analysis, Vo2max, AMedDiet, and sex explained 53.4% of SBP, with this formula: 238.611 − (3.63*Vo2max) + (0.044*Vo2max2) − (13.051*AMedDiet) + (0.68*AMedDiet2) + (12.887*sex). SBP and p rediction SBP with the new formula showed a correlation of 0.731 (p ˂ 0.0001); showing a difference between the values of −0.278 (p = 0.883). In conclusion, CRF as an independent factor and combined with AMedDiet can be associated with BP, body composition, and proportionality in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of depression later in life. A cross sectional study in East Attica, Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Argyropoulos ◽  
Evangelia Machini
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Older People ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of depression later in life in an urban area and to investigate the associations between possible risk and protective factors including adherence to a Mediterranean diet.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among the active members of the open day-care centres for older people, in East-Attica, Greece. An anonymous questionnaire was developed to collect basic demographic and medical data, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was applied to screen the elderly for depressive symptoms, the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to quantify sleep disturbances and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Statistics was processed with SPSS 24.0.Results154 older adults took part in the study. According to GDS-15, 24.7% (21.4% moderate and 3.2% severe type) screened positive for depressive symptoms. 29.9% of the participants reported inadequate sleep, based on AIS. Depression and insomnia in older participants were more frequent in women than in men, in lower educated, in participants with lower monthly income and in older people with comorbidity (p < 0.05).MDS revealed that adherence to a Mediterranean diet was moderate for 64.3% of the participants, and it was high for 34.4%. Depression diagnosed by a physician, was strongly associated with MDS (p = 0.035) and AIS (p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis results revealed a diet higher in vegetables and lower in poultry and alcohol was associated with decreased likelihood of developing symptoms of depression later in life.ConclusionsOur results support that depression in older adults is common and strongly associated with several risk factors. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may protect against the development of depressive symptoms in older age. Moreover, not only diet but also sleep-deficiency might contribute to the depression later in life.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Fitness as Mediator of the Relationship of Recreational Screen Time on Mediterranean Diet Score in Schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4490
Author(s):  
José Francisco López-Gil ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Javier Brazo-Sayavera ◽  
Pedro Juan Tárraga López ◽  
Juan Luis Yuste Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
Lower Adherence

Background: Studies have reported the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet as well as lower recreational screen time. Similarly, higher screen time has been negatively linked to a lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet. However, the mediator effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on the influence of screen time on adherence to the Mediterranean diet is still unknown. The aim of this study was two-fold: first, to assess the combined association of recreational screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness with adherence to Mediterranean diet among Spanish schoolchildren, and second, to elucidate whether the association between recreational screen time and adherence to the Mediterranean diet is mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 370 schoolchildren aged 6–13 years from six schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain) were included. Results: The mediation analysis showed that once screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness were included together in the model, cardiorespiratory fitness was positively linked to adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p = 0.020) and although screen time remained negatively related to adherence to the Mediterranean diet, this association was slightly attenuated (indirect effect = −0.027; 95% CI = (−0.080, −0.002)). Conclusions: This research supports that cardiorespiratory fitness may reduce the negative association between screen time and Mediterranean dietary patterns.

scholarly journals The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome diagnosis: A cross-sectional study in Indonesian middle-aged and older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Novita Intan Arovah ◽  
Kristiann C. Heesch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test

Objectives: The roles of cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality risks are well established; however, little is known about the role of CF in reducing risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of CVD risk factors, particularly in Asian countries. This research examined associations between CF and MetS diagnosis and its five components in Indonesian middle-aged and older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 161 participants (aged 63±8 years; 70% female). CF was assessed with a 6-minute walk test. MetS diagnosis and its components were assessed with the Adult Treatment Panel III. Logistic regression modelling was conducted to examine the relationships between CF and MetS diagnosis and its components, after adjustment for BMI and other confounders. BMI was categorized using cut-points for Asians. Results: In adjusted models, participants with low CF had a greater likelihood of being diagnosed with MetS than those with high CF (OR=4.79, 95%CI:2.17-10.62). They were also more likely to have low high-density lipoprotein (OR=2.07, 95%CI:1.02-4.18) or hypertriglyceridemia (OR=2.37, 95%CI:1.15-4.86). There was also borderline significant findings that suggested that participants with low CF had greater likelihood of having abdominal obesity (OR=2.34, 95%CI:0.97-5.65, p=0.06) or hyperglycaemia (OR=2.07 95%CI:0.98-4.41, p=0.06). Conclusions: Low CF is associated with increased likelihood of being diagnosed with MetS. The adverse effects of low CF are mainly characterized by dyslipidaemia. Public health messages should emphasise the importance of improving CF for preventing MetS. Assessment of CF could be useful for targeting individuals most likely to benefit from intervention to prevent MetS.

scholarly journals High Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Obesity among Adults in Gulf Countries

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 995
Author(s):  
Israa M. Shatwan ◽  
Eiman A. Alhinai ◽  
Balqees Alawadhi ◽  
Shelini Surendran ◽  
Najlaa M. Aljefree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is considered as a good example of a healthy dietary pattern that has protective effects on obesity. The aim of the present study was to assess the adherence of adults from three Gulf countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Kuwait) to the MedDiet and its association with obesity risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 961 men and women (75.7%) aged 20–55 years old. Waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were measured waist/hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. A validated 14-item Questionnaire was used to measure adherence to MedDiet. The mean of the adherence to MedDiet score was 5.9 ± 2.03 for the total sample. An inverse association was observed between the adherence to MedDiet and BMI after adjusting for potential confounders (p = 0.0003 in total participants, and p = 0.001 in women only). A protective effect was seen with a higher adherence to the MedDiet on HC, suggesting that a greater adherence to the MedDiet was associated with a decreased HC (p = 0.04 in total participants, and p = 0.01 in women only). In conclusion, low adherence to the MedDiet among participants from three gulf countries was associated with increased obesity indicators, BMI, and HC.

scholarly journals Association between Depression, Lifestyles, Sleep Quality, and Sense of Coherence in a Population with Cardiovascular Risk

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Aina Riera-Sampol ◽  
Miquel Bennasar-Veny ◽  
Pedro Tauler ◽  
Mar Nafría ◽  
Miquel Colom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mediterranean

People with cardiovascular risk have more depression than the general population. Depression and cardiovascular risk have been commonly linked to lower sense of coherence (SOC) values, unhealthy lifestyles, and poor sleep quality. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between depression, health-related lifestyles, sleep quality, and SOC in a population with cardiovascular risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 310 participants (aged 35–75 years) with cardiovascular risk. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, cardiovascular risk, SOC score, depression levels, sleep quality, and lifestyles (physical activity, diet quality (measured as the adherence to the Mediterranean diet), and tobacco and alcohol consumption) were determined. The regression analysis showed significant associations between depression levels and sex (odds ratio (OR): 2.29; 95% CI: 1.29, 4.07), diet (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.99), body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.18, 5.48), sleep quality (OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.46), and SOC (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.98). Protective effects of male sex, a lower BMI, no CVD, a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a high sleep quality, and a higher SOC were found. In conclusion, among lifestyles determined, only diet was associated with depression levels. SOC and sleep quality were also found as significant predictors for depression levels.

The Influence of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Children and Their Parents in Relation to Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena I. Kosti ◽  
Aikaterini Kanellopoulou ◽  
Evanthia Fragkedaki ◽  
Venetia Notara ◽  
Sofia-Panagiota Giannakopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Effects of Attitude, Motivation, and Eagerness for Physical Activity among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Dongxiao Gu ◽  
Changyong Liang ◽  
Rao Muhammad Rashid ◽  
Monira Akter
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Global Statistics

Background. Although physical activity (PA) is a noninvasive and cost-effective method of improving the quality of health, global statistics show that only a few middle-aged and older adults engage in the recommended PAs. This is due to a lack of motivation and companionship. Objective. This study analyses the attitudes and self-determined motivation of Chinese middle-aged and older adults for PAs and their eagerness to participate in PAs such as sports, exercise, and recreational and cultural activities (RCAs), from attitudinal, eagerness, and motivational objectives of PAs perspective. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 840 middle-aged (35–54 years) and older adults (55+ years). To determine their attitude, eagerness, and self-determined motivation for PA, we used attitudinal, Eagerness for Physical Activity Scale (EPAS), and Situational Motivational Scale (SIMS). The data were analyzed with SPSS 23.0. Results. The results show that 39.1% of the participants were not satisfied with PAs. Compared with females, males reported a less positive attitude towards PAs. Moreover, a positive attitude decreases with age. Participants’ motivation and eagerness in activities such as RCAs, exercise, and sports are decreasing. Regarding self-determined motivation, there are gender differences in RCAs, but there is none for exercise and sports participation. Conclusion. The findings show the importance of RCAs and the support of family and friends enhancing the eagerness, attitude, and motivation to participate in PAs. Furthermore, the findings can help to create more effective PA programs for middle-aged and older adults. By engaging in RCAs, participants can reap the benefits of PAs. Participating in RCAs can lead to social equity in health.

Benefits of volunteerism for middle-aged and older adults: comparisons between types of volunteering activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Alfred H. K. Lam ◽  
Dannii Y. Yeung ◽  
Edwin K. H. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Volunteering is a popular activity among middle-aged and older adults as means to contribute to the society and to maintain personal health and wellbeing. While the benefits of volunteering have been well-documented in the current literature, it does not tend to distinguish between various types of volunteering activities. This cross-sectional study aims to compare the effects of instrumental (e.g. food preparation, fundraising) and cognitively demanding volunteering activities (e.g. befriending, mentoring) in a sample of 487 middle-aged and older Hong Kong Chinese adults. Participation in instrumental and cognitively demanding volunteering, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning and hand-grip strength were measured. The results of two-way between-subject robust analyses of variance demonstrated significant main effects of volunteering type and their interaction effect with age on life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Comparisons among four volunteering groups (no volunteering, instrumental volunteering, cognitively demanding volunteering and both types) revealed that individuals engaging in instrumental volunteering exhibited lower life satisfaction and more depressive symptoms compared to those who engaged in cognitively demanding volunteering and those who did not volunteer at all. This detrimental pattern of instrumental volunteering was only seen in middle-aged adults, but not in older adults. Findings of this study revealed distinctive effects of two volunteering types, and provide valuable directions for designing future volunteering programmes.

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