scholarly journals Association between Hyperglycemia at Hospital Presentation and Hospital Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Hospitalized Inner-City COVID-19 Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2199
Author(s):  
Nipith Charoenngam ◽  
Sara M. Alexanian ◽  
Caroline M. Apovian ◽  
Michael F. Holick
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Icu Admission

This study aimed to determine the relationships among hyperglycemia (HG), the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the outcomes of COVID-19. Demographic data, blood glucose levels (BG) measured on admission, and hospital outcomes of COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Boston University Medical Center from 1 March to 4 August 2020 were extracted from the hospital database. HG was defined as BG > 200 mg/dL. Patients with type 1 diabetes or BG < 70 mg/dL were excluded. A total of 458 patients with T2D and 976 patients without T2D were included in the study. The mean ± SD age was 56 ± 17 years and 642 (45%) were female. HG occurred in 193 (42%) and 42 (4%) of patients with and without T2D, respectively. Overall, the in-hospital mortality rate was 9%. Among patients without T2D, HG was statistically significantly associated with mortality, ICU admission, intubation, acute kidney injury, and severe sepsis/septic shock, after adjusting for potential confounders (p < 0.05). However, only ICU admission and acute kidney injury were associated with HG among patients with T2D (p < 0.05). Among the 235 patients with HG, the presence of T2D was associated with decreased odds of mortality, ICU admission, intubation, and severe sepsis/septic shock, after adjusting for potential confounders, including BG (p < 0.05). In conclusion, HG in the subset of patients without T2D could be a strong indicator of high inflammatory burden, leading to a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

scholarly journals Correction to: Is metformin associated with acute kidney injury? A case–control study of patients with type 2 diabetes admitted with acute infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Andreas Schytz ◽  
Anders Bonde Nissen ◽  
Kristine Hommel ◽  
Morten Schou ◽  
Karl Emil Nelveg-Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Positive fluid balance as a prognostic factor for mortality and acute kidney injury in severe sepsis and septic shock

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Saes Vilaça de Oliveira ◽  
Flavio Geraldo Resende Freitas ◽  
Elaine Maria Ferreira ◽  
Isac de Castro ◽  
Antonio Toneti Bafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Positive Fluid Balance ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

scholarly journals Elevated serum galectin-1 concentrations are associated with increased risks of mortality and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257558
Author(s):  
Ruey-Hsing Chou ◽  
Chuan-Tsai Tsai ◽  
Ya-Wen Lu ◽  
Jiun-Yu Guo ◽  
Chi-Ting Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Sofa Score ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a member of the β-galactoside binding protein family, is associated with inflammation and chronic kidney disease. However, the effect of Gal-1 on mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically-ill patients remain unclear. Methods From May 2018 to March 2020, 350 patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of Taipei Veterans General Hospital, a tertiary medical center, were enrolled in this study. Forty-one patients receiving long-term renal replacement therapy were excluded. Serum Gal-1 levels were determined within 24 h of ICU admission. The patients were divided into tertiles according to their serum Gal-1 levels (low, serum Gal-1 < 39 ng/ml; median, 39–70 ng/ml; high, ≥71 ng/ml). All patients were followed for 90 days or until death. Results Mortality in the ICU and at 90 days was greater among patients with elevated serum Gal-1 levels. In analyses adjusted for the body mass index, malignancy, sepsis, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and serum lactate level, the serum Gal-1 level remained an independent predictor of 90-day mortality [median vs. low: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–3.60, p = 0.006; high vs. low: aHR 3.21, 95% CI 1.90–5.42, p < 0.001]. Higher serum Gal-1 levels were also associated with a higher incidence of AKI within 48 h after ICU admission, independent of the SOFA score and renal function (median vs. low: aHR 2.77, 95% CI 1.21–6.34, p = 0.016; high vs. low: aHR 2.88, 95% CI 1.20–6.88, p = 0.017). The results were consistent among different subgroups with high and low Gal-1 levels. Conclusion Serum Gal-1 elevation at the time of ICU admission were associated with an increased risk of mortality at 90 days, and an increased incidence of AKI within 48 h after ICU admission.

scholarly journals Metformin induced acute kidney injury; a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e13-e13
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Momenzadeh ◽  
Bhaskar VKS Lakkakula
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Introduction: Metformin is the best proven first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), based on both national and international guidelines. The present systematic review is aimed to examine the acute kidney injury (AKI) risk associated with metformin. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, PubMed and google scholar, to retrieve the literature related to the metformin use. A bibliographic management software (Endnote X9) was used for managing the literature. The following keywords were used: "Acute renal injury OR ARI", "Acute kidney injury OR AKI"," Metformin", " Type 2 diabetes mellitus OR T2DM", "Diabetic patients", "Renal function", "CKD". Results: About 28 relevant articles were found during the electronic and manual search. Finally, a total of four articles that fulfill the inclusion criteria were used for this systematic literature review. There is no evidence to suggest that metformin increases the incidence of AKI and is associated with an increased survival of 28 days following AKI event. Further, there was no difference in the incidence of AKI in patients who continued metformin after arterial contrast exposure compared with the control group. Conclusion: In summary, there is no evidence that metformin increases the incidence of AKI. More clinical trials are needed in this area, to investigate more evidence so that we can better understand the outcome.

Community-acquired pneumonia and acute kidney injury

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Lameire
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia

It is known that in one-half of the patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia, severe sepsis develops, with non-pulmonary organ dysfunction developing in more than one-third and septic shock in 4.5%. Some years ago, it was found that acute kidney injury was common in community-acquired pneumonia even in patients who appeared to have an uncomplicated course of community-acquired pneumonia and where acute kidney injury was observed in one-quarter of them.

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