scholarly journals Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2372
Author(s):  
Andrea Gila-Díaz ◽  
Ariadna Witte Castro ◽  
Gloria Herranz Carrillo ◽  
Pratibha Singh ◽  
William Yakah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Food Pyramid

There are numerous dietary recommendations during pregnancy. However, there are limited recommendations during the lactation period, a nutritionally vulnerable period for women. The Mediterranean Diet and adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid (HFP) is considered as the standard for healthy eating. In this study, we investigated the differences in adherence to the HFP in pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant/non-lactating (NPNL) women concerning sociodemographic factors. A sociodemographic and nutritional and lifestyle questionnaire (AP-Q) were used to assess adherence to the HFP, including lifestyle. The AP-Q score ranges from 0 to 10 meaning the higher the score, the greater the adherence to the HFP. Lactating women had the lowest AP-Q score (6.13 [5.31; 6.82]) compared to the pregnant (6.39 [5.56; 7.05]) and NPNL women (6.27 [5.43; 6.88]), while pregnant women had the highest scores. Maternal age was positively correlated with AP-Q score in pregnant (rho = 0.22; p-Value < 0.001) and lactating women (rho = 0.18; p-Value < 0.001), but not in NPNL women. Educational level and monthly income had a positive influence on the degree of adherence to the HFP. In conclusion, breastfeeding mothers of young age and low socioeconomic and educational level would be the target population to carry out nutritional interventions that improve their adherence to the HFP. The knowledge gained from this study can help to design recommendation guidelines and nutritional educational interventions for a given population.

scholarly journals Assessment of Effect of Hydropower Plant Projects on Socio-Environmental Sustenance and Development in Rwanda: A Review Done At Rubagabaga Hydropower Ltd.

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 2888-2904
Author(s):  
Dr. MUTESI Jean Claude
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
The Impact

The study investigated the socio-economic and environmental impact of hydropower projects in Rwanda with a case study of Rubagabaga hydropower Ltd operating from Nyabihu District. It examines the impact of a socio-economic and environmental hydropower plant in Rwanda, identifies the challenge hydropower plants face in Rwanda, and finally investigates the relationship between hydro powers and their socio-economic impact in Rwanda? In this research, the quantitative research design is based on statistical data of the research that was used with quantitative and qualitative methods. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The target population of this study was made up of 252 participants including 154 respondents all from ten different villages surrounding the Rubagabaga plant in Nyabihu District. Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlation analysis and tables that were interpreted to confirm or deny the relevance of the main and specific objectives. Based on results from table no.16 demonstrates that the beta= 0.397 with the t value of 2.333 and the p-value of 0. 021. Since the p-value is less than 0.05, the researcher rejected the null hypothesis and considered it an alternate. There is a strong positive relationship between environmental assessment of hydropower plant projects and socio-environmental sustenance and development. In a nutshell, the researcher has rejected the null hypothesis and considered its alternate. Community structure and dynamics have a positive influence on socio-environmental sustenance and development. Table no.16 shows that beta= 0.341 with the t value of 2.668 as the p-value was 0.009. Since the p-value is less than 0.05. Therefore, the researcher rejected the null hypothesis and considered it an alternate. According to table no.21, the changes in community structure and dynamics of the hydropower plant project cause the increase of 0.341 (34.1%) of the socio-environment sustenance and development. The ratio of beta modal results for the t value expressed t=2.66 hence the probability value is significant on socio-environment sustenance and development noting that sig. =0.009. Carefully, the researcher has rejected the null hypothesis and considered its alternate. With this in mind, community structure and dynamics has a positive influence on socio-environmental sustenance and development. Table no.16 has shown beta= 0.478 with the t value of 4.543 as the p-value was 0.000 which is less than 0.05. According to the findings, the changes in government policies, stability, and support of hydropower plant project causes the increase of 0.478 (47.80%) of the socio-environment sustenance and development. The ratio of beta modal results for the t value expressed t= 4.54 hence the probability value is significant on socio-environment sustenance and development noting that sig. =0.000.

scholarly journals Healthy Habits and Emotional Balance in Women during the Postpartum Period: Differences between Term and Preterm Delivery

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Andrea Gila-Díaz ◽  
Gloria Herranz Carrillo ◽  
Silvia M. Arribas ◽  
David Ramiro-Cortijo
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Food Pyramid ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
The Impact

Breastfeeding could be considered as a vulnerable period, rising the risk to shift from optimism to pessimism. Preterm delivery is an event that increases postpartum maternal stress and depression, which can have a negative impact on breastfeeding and maternal–filial wellbeing. The adherence to healthy habits may have a positive influence on this vulnerable population. We aimed to analyze the impact of prematurity on maternal psychological aspects during postpartum and to study if adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid influences psychological variables. Fifty-five breastfeeding women being attended in the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid, Spain) were recruited during the first day postpartum. The medical data were collected from the obstetrical records. The women answered an auto-administered questionnaire with several sections: sociodemographic characteristics, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Life Orientation Test (LOT), at 14 days and 6 months postpartum, Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid Questionnaire (AP-Q) at 28 days postpartum and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at 6 months postpartum. The PSS and LOT scores were not statistically different in mothers with preterm compared to term delivery either at 14 days or at 6 months postpartum. Longitudinally, the PSS did not show significant differences, but the LOT score was lower at 6 months compared to 14 days postpartum (p-Value = 0.046). A higher EPDS score was significantly found in mothers with preterm delivery (9.0 ± 4.7) than those with a term delivery (5.4 ± 4.2; p-value = 0.040). A significant and positive correlation was observed between the AP-Q score and LOT both at 14 days and 6 months postpartum. Conclusively, maternal optimism decreases during the postpartum period, women with preterm delivery being at risk of postpartum depression. Furthermore, there is a relationship between optimism and adherence to healthy habits. Healthcare professional counseling is essential during the entire breastfeeding period, particularly in vulnerable mothers with preterm delivery.

scholarly journals Construct Validity of a Dietary Protein Assessment Questionnaire to Explore College Students' Attitudes Towards Dietary Protein

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parker Ackerman ◽  
Cynthia Warren ◽  
Derek Miketinas
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Plant Protein Sources ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background: Misconceptions about consuming dietary protein may exist due to unscientific dietary information from the Internet and social media sites, as well as lack of knowledge about evidence-based dietary recommendations. Understanding attitudes towards protein is important for developing effective educational interventions, which may ultimately improve the health of U.S. adults. The objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire to evaluate college students’ attitudes and knowledge towards dietary protein. Methods: The questionnaire had 64 questions, including 8 demographic, 24 knowledge, 14 attitude, and 18 behavior questions. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with a principal axis factoring and promax rotation was used to explore the attitude constructs’ dimensionality. Nutrition students’ knowledge responses were compared to non-nutrition students’ responses to assess the knowledge validity. Results: Four hundred seventy participants (87.3% female) provided responses for attitude questions. Fifty-five nutrition and 51 non-nutrition students provided responses for the knowledge questions. Three factors were retained: animal versus plant protein sources relationship with human and environmental health (Factor 1); organic protein sources (Factor 2); and protein RDA adequacy for weight loss and vegetarian diets (Factor 3). Mean knowledge responses were 66.4 + 11.5% and 47.6 + 16.4% for nutrition and non-nutrition students, respectively (t-test p-value for difference < 0.001). Conclusions: Protein attitudes appear multidimensional and correlated. Further testing is needed to confirm the three-factor model and to estimate test-retest reliability.

Efektivitas Konseling Individual melalui Pendekatan Konseling Rasional Emotif dalam Mengatasi Kecemasan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Indah Etika Putri ◽  
Zulfani Sesmiarni ◽  
Alfi Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Calculation ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Class Iib

<em>The aim of this research is to find out the effectiveness of individual counseling through emotive rational counseling approach in overcoming anxiety in Payakumbuh Class IIB Penitentiary. The population is fostered citizens before the criminal period ends as many as 20 people, while the study sample is fostered citizens before the criminal period ends as many as 5 people and who are indicated to have high anxiety based on non-rondom sampling techniques and recommendations from employees. The data collection instrument is a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques using non-parametric statistical tests using Wilcoxon rack test, hypothesis testing using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 22. The results showed the difference between the pretest and posttest values. From the Wilcoxon test calculation results obtained a significant sip-value of 2.023. Based on the applicable provisions, it is known that the Wilcoxon Sig p-value test result is 0.043 &lt;α (α = 0.05) which means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. From the results of the Wilcoxon test calculation it can be concluded that it is effective to overcome anxiety in the target population before the criminal period expires.</em>

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK IDENTIFICATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Dr.David Kiarie ◽  
Dr. Patrick Ngugi ◽  
Dr. Kennedy Ogollah
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
P Value ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Whole Life Costing

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between risk identification management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.)Policy recommendation: the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.

STUDIES WITH 4-14-C-MESTRANOL IN LACTATING WOMEN

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wijmenga ◽  
H. J. van der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Fourth Patient ◽  
Collection Period

ABSTRACT 14C-Mestranol (5 μc) was administered orally in a Lyndiol®**-tablet (= 5 mg lynestrenol*** + 150 μg mestranol) to four women using Lyndiol® during the lactation period shortly after delivery. The concentration of radioactivity in the plasma and the excretion of radioactivity in the urine and milk were studied. The clearance rate of radioactivity from the blood was very low. A halflife in the order of 40–60 h was found for labelled »mestranol and its metabolites«. In three cases 31–36% of the radioactivity was excreted into the urine within 5 days after oral administration of the labelled material; in the fourth patient this value was about 52 %. During a collection period of 4 days after the oral administration of the 14C-mestranol-containing tablet, 0.0002–0.013 per cent of the administered dose was excreted into the milk. These very low values were partly due to the low amounts of milk that could be collected. It was calculated that with the regular oral administration of one Lyndiol®-tablet daily, with 150 μg mestranol per tablet, about 0.03–0.06 μg (0.02–0.04 % of the administered dose) of mestranol or its metabolites might be excreted per 100 ml milk. The significance of these amounts, in view of the transfer to infants during breast-feeding, is discussed.

scholarly journals Revised Reference Values for the Intake of Sodium and Chloride

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Strohm ◽  
Angela Bechthold ◽  
Sabine Ellinger ◽  
Eva Leschik-Bonnet ◽  
Peter Stehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Sodium Loss

Background: In January 2017, the nutrition societies of ­Germany, Austria and Switzerland revised the reference values for sodium and chloride intake. Methods: For adults, the estimated value for sodium intake was derived on the basis of a balance study. The estimated values for children and adolescents were extrapolated from this estimated value considering differences in body mass. For infants aged 0 to under 4 months, an estimated value was set based on the sodium intake via breast milk. From this value the estimated value for infants aged 4 to under 12 months was also derived by extrapolation. The estimated value for lactating women takes into account the fact that the sodium loss via breast milk is compensated through homoeostatic mechanisms. Except for infants, the reference values for chloride intake were derived based on the estimated values for sodium intake. Results: For adults, pregnant and lactating women, the estimated values for sodium and chloride intake are set at 1,500 and 2,300 mg/day. Discussion and Conclusion: Reference values for sodium and chloride can be derived in terms of estimated values. Considering dietary recommendations for sodium and chloride, it must be taken into account that high intake of sodium chloride (salt) is associated with adverse health effects, for example, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to lower salt intake in the general population.

scholarly journals Validation of an educational tool on healthy eating for schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-488
Author(s):  
Celia Maria Ribeiro de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Eliane Maria Ribeiro de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Maria Gorete Lucena de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Suelen Brito de AZEVEDO ◽  
Maria Cristina Falcão RAPOSO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Target Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Card Game ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Item Level

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this study was to validate the card game The Enigma of the Pyramid about healthy eating, using judges (expert) for the validation of content and design; and the target population (students from the 4th and 5th grades, aged 9-10 years) for the semantic validation (pilot test). Methods The Item-Level Content Validity Index was used to verify the degree of agreement among the experts’ opinions, item by item; and the Scale Level Content Validity Index to determine the arithmetic mean of the proportion of items that receive judgments of “non-disagreement” by the judges. The item that obtained Item-Level Content Validity Index greater or equal to 0.80 and Scale Level Content Validity Index greater or equal to 0.90 was considered validated, which was the coefficient of validity. The binominal test was used to select the items that should be revised/modified, using the p-value of ratio (reject H0 if p≤0.8). Items were validated at significance level of ≤0.05. Results Twenty-two judges and 12 schoolchildren participated in the study. Of the 23 items of the card game, nine were selected for review/modification, of which five were from the language component and four from the suitability component for the target population. Conclusion Once the modifications were made, they were all approved by all participating students, making this educational tool on healthy eating habits available for use with the student population.

scholarly journals Factors related to non-adherence to mammography in a city of the Brazilian Amazonian area: A population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Iasmim de Andrade Souza ◽  
◽  
Daniela Souza Araújo ◽  
Daniele Aparecida de Freitas Teles ◽  
Stéphanie Gomes Lins de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
Cross Sectional

Summary Objective: To assess the prevalence of mammography use and factors related to non-adherence in Boa Vista, capital of Roraima, Brazil. Method: A cross sectional study, quantitative analysis, based on household survey was performed between June and August 2013, using a face-to-face interview with a pre-tested form. Target population was women between 40 and 69 years. The sample size target was 240 participants, and the sampling method was random cluster sampling. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Federal University of Roraima. Results: 241 women were included without refusals. The prevalence of non-use of mammography in the past two years was 55.6% (95CI 49.1-61.9). In univariate analysis, the risk factors for non-adherence to mammography were having low educational level, family income below three minimum wages, receiving government assistance, not having consulted with a doctor and no health insurance. In multivariate analysis, only low educational level and receiving government assistance remained as risk factors. Medical consultation or health worker visiting were protective factors. Conclusion: Adherence to mammography is unsatisfactory in Boa Vista, Roraima, and has a predominantly opportunistic character. Low educational level is confirmed as an independent risk factor, but belonging to a family that receives government assistance can be interpreted as a social marker of families and/or areas lacking of government intervention to increase access to breast cancer control programs.

HEART HEALTHY FOOD PYRAMID

2003 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
J.L. Raymond ◽  
P.L. Amann ◽  
J.M. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Pyramid
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