scholarly journals Impact of Subclinical Haemoproteus columbae Infection on Farmed Domestic Pigeons from Central Java (Yogyakarta), Indonesia, with Special Reference to Changes in the Hemogram

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Imron Rosyadi ◽  
Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia ◽  
Bayanzul Argamjav ◽  
Hiroshi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Haemoproteus Columbae ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Domestic Pigeons

Pigeon haemoproteosis caused by Haemoproteus columbae (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) is globally prevalent in rock doves (Columba livia), although little is known regarding this disease in pigeons and doves in Indonesia. Blood samples of 35 farmed domestic pigeons (C. livia f. domestica) from four localities in Yogyakarta Special Region, Central Java, Indonesia, were collected from March to June, 2016, subjected to a hemogram, and analyzed for the presence of hemoprotozoan infections. Microscopic examination of blood smears revealed a prevalence of 62.5–100% of H. columbae at the four localities (n = 8–10 for each locality), and geometric means of 3.0–5.6% of erythrocytes were parasitized by young and mature gametocytes, suggesting that all infected pigeons were in the chronic phase of infection with repeated recurrences and/or reinfections. Nucleotide sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cytb) for haemosporidian species demonstrated the distribution of four major cytb lineages of H. columbae (mainly HAECOL1, accompanied by COLIV03, COQUI05, and CXNEA02 according to the MalAvi database). Hemogram analysis, involving the estimation of packed cell volume, erythrocyte counts, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and plasma protein and fibrinogen levels of 20 parasitized pigeons and five non-infected pigeons demonstrated significant macrocytic hypochromic anemia with hypoproteinemia and hyperfibrinogenemia in the infected pigeons. This study shows the profound impact of long-lasting subclinical pigeon haemoproteosis caused by H. columbae on the health of farmed domestic pigeons.

scholarly journals Effects of Eugenol on Haemoproteus columbae in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina M. Metwally ◽  
Razan A. Al-Talhi ◽  
Ibrahim A.H. Barakat ◽  
Manal F. ElKhadragy
Keyword(s):  
Columba Livia ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Haemoproteus Columbae ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infected Rbcs ◽  
Domestic Pigeons

Abstract Eugenol was investigated for the treatment of Haemoproteus columbae (H. columbae) infected squabs (young domestic pigeons, Columba domestica). Thirty naturally-infected squabs were divided into three groups of 10 each. One group was treated with Eugenol, while the positive and negative control groups were administered buparvaquone (Butalex®) and distilled water, respectively. The number of infected red blood cells (RBCs) was calculated in all groups before and after treatment at 4-day intervals for 16 days. The results showed a significant therapeutic effect of Eugenol, with a progressive decrease in the number of infected RBCs from 89.20 ± 2.11 before treatment to 0.90 ± 0.31 at the end of treatment (P≤0.05). Butalex® was able to suppress the number of infected RBCs from 93.70 ± 1.72 before treatment to 0.90 ± 0.35 at the end of the experiment (P≤0.05). Eugenol showed therapeutic effects against H. columbae and may be regarded as a candidate for further studies to develop new drugs against blood parasites, in both animals and humans.

scholarly journals Anemia and The Level of IL-6 in Children Infected with Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Israa N. Zeki ◽  
Harith Saeed Al-Warid
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Inflammatory Immune Response

The relation between anemia and inflammatory immune response has lately had much attention. This research was conducted from October 2018 until April 2019, including  (110) children below 12 years from both gender in some Hospitals, Primary Health care centers, Public Primary Schools and Kindergarten in Baghdad, Iraq. The objective of this study is to determine the possible correlation between iron deficiency anemia and inflammatory immune response  among children infected with Entamoeba  histolytica or Giardia  lamblia. Blood samples were taken from all groups to measure  hemoglobin level, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular  hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), while the inflammatory related immune response was evaluated by measuring IL-6 and ferritin. Student T-Test was used to compare between means. The results  showed that both  hemoglobin and iron concentrations were significantly (P) ˂ 0.01 lower in infected children compared with control, as well as both IL-6 and ferritin levels were significant where (P) ˂0.05 amplified among infected children compared to control. Microcytic hypochromic anemia was observed in the majority of infected children, while normocytic normochromic RBCs was recorded in the majority of control children.

scholarly journals Associations between Serum Aflatoxin-B1 and Anemia in Pregnant Women: Evidence from Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in China

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Lei Lei ◽  
Shun Liu ◽  
Ye Ye ◽  
Xiaoqiang Qiu ◽  
Dongping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
The Third

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a common toxic mycotoxin and is detectable in pregnant women. Animal studies have revealed that AFB1 caused the lysis of erythrocytes and a decrease in hemoglobin. We conducted a prospective cohort study in Guangxi, China, in order to evaluate the association between AFB1 exposure and anemia in pregnant women during the entire pregnancy. A total of 616 pregnant women from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort were included in the study. Serum AFB1-albumin (AFB1-ALB) adduct levels were measured. The effect of AFB1-ALB adducts on hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were analyzed by using multivariable linear regression. The risks of anemia from AFB1-ALB adduct exposure were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. We found that the AFB1-ALB adduct was significantly associated with a decrease in Hb (β = −4.99, 95% CI: −8.42, −1.30), MCV (β = −4.58, 95% CI: −7.23, −1.94), MCH (β = −1.86, 95% CI: −2.87, −0.85), and MCHC (β = −5.23, 95% CI: −8.28, −2.17) in the first trimester with the third tertile of AFB1-ALB adducts when compared with the first tertile. Furthermore, the third tertile of the AFB1-ALB adduct significantly increased the risk of anemia by 2.90 times than compared to the first tertile in the first trimester (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.67, 9.14). A significant positive does–response relationship existed between AFB1-ALB adduct levels and anemia risk (Ptrend = 0.001). When dividing anemia types, we only found that the third tertile of AFB1-ALB adduct increased the risk of microcytic hypochromic anemia (MHA) in the first trimester (OR = 14.37, 95% CI: 3.08, 67.02) and second trimester (OR = 4.75, 95% CI: 1.96, 11.51). These findings demonstrate the correlation between maternal AFB1 exposure during early pregnancy and risk of anemia, especially MHA, and during different trimesters in Southern China. More efforts should be made to diminish AFB1 exposure for pregnant women.

Pharmacological studies of Pediococcus on performance and some hematological and biochemical parameters in cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Gehad El-Sayed ◽  
Mohamed El-Diasty ◽  
Shaimaa Zayed
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Drinking Milk

The use of Pediococcus (23×106 CFU/calf/day) orally in drinking milk once daily for one month in Holstein calves have highly significant effect on blood picture ,liver function tests, kidney function test ,blood electrolytes and body weight in cow calves. There were a significant increase in total erythrocytes count , hemoglobin content, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, thrombocyte count, total leucocytes count, neutrophils counts, eosinophil, basophils, total protein and its fractions, level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP),level of sodium ,calcium ,phosphorus and body weight . On the other hand there were significant decrease in urea and potassium level in groups treated by Pediococcus compared to the control groups. Moreover there were a non-significant changes in lymphocytes, monocytes, creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), in the same groups compared to the control groups.

Evaluation of Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Dromedary Camel during the Different Stages of Lactation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Ahmed El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Dromedary Camel ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Objective: To assess the potential hematobiochemical alterations in healthy dromedary camel during the different stages of lactation. Design: Randomized controlled study. Animals: Fifteen healthy female dromedary camels, with mean body weight of 499.6 kg and mean age of 20 years. Procedures: Camels were categorized into 3 groups' according to their stage of lactation: group 1, early lactation (1-3 months), group 2, mid-lactation (four-6 months) and group3, late lactation (≥ 7 months). Blood samples were collected from every animals for hematological and biochemical evaluation. Results: Total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), total leukocytes (TLC), lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, Calcium, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) confirmed significant (p < 0.05) variation between different stages of lactation. However, non-notable (p > 0.05) dissimilarity were located in packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), in organic phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), cholesterol, total protein (TP), albumen, globulin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine kinase (CK) in the course of different ranges of lactation, Conclusion and clinical relevance: The results of this investigation may be useful as reference guide for dromedary camel to evaluate the metabolic health status at different stages of lactation.

MICROSCOPIC AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF Ascaridia spp. IN DOMESTIC PIGEONS(Columba livia domestica) IN BAGHDAD CITY,IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1220-1225
Author(s):  
Faraj & Al- Amery
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Molecular Assay ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Domestic Pigeons

Ascaridiosis is a very important parasitic disease of birds, it is caused by Ascaridia. This study was conducted to identify the Ascaridia species by microscopic and molecular assay in Baghdad city. One hundred and sixty fecal samples were collected from domestic pigeons during the period from 1/1/ 2019 to 31/3/ 2019.  Results showed that the rate of infection for Ascaridia spp. 15.62% by microscopic examination.  Significant difference was observed in infection rates between males and females pigeons. Fifty samples randomly selected and subjected to molecular diagnosis of Ascaridia  spp.. Molecular examination results, the total infection rate showed 16%(8/50). The eight  positive PCR products were sequenced and deposited in Gene bank data base, phylogenic analysis demonstrated that 4 sequences belongs to Ascaridia galli ( MK918635.1, MK918636.1, MK918847.1, MK919081.1), while 2 (MK919199.1, MK919200.1) belong to  Ascaridia nymphii and 2 (MK919207.1, MK919264.1)  belong to Ascaridia numidae. It is the first study in Iraq to diagnosis of  Ascaridia nymphii and Ascaridia numidae  in domesticed pigeons by using conventional PCR.

scholarly journals Hematological Changes and Reference Intervals in Hanwoo Calves during the First 28 Weeks of Life

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1806
Author(s):  
Ui-Hyung Kim ◽  
Seung-Hwan Lee ◽  
Sang-Rae Cho ◽  
Sung-Sik Kang ◽  
Shil Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Analytic Process ◽  
Process Work ◽  
Hematological Changes

Hematological reference intervals must consider several parameters, including genotype, age, sex, management, and analytic process. Work is needed to evaluate hematological changes specifically in Hanwoo calves and according to calf sex. Therefore, in this study, we sought to confirm the complete blood cell count (CBC) reference intervals in Hanwoo calves, to monitor changes in hematologic values in Hanwoo calves from birth until 28 weeks of life, and to compare the hematologic values of male and female calves. A total of 35 male calves and 35 female calves was studied. Calf blood was sampled at multiple intervals from the time of birth until 28 weeks of age (including within 6 h of birth and at 2 days, 7 days, and 4 weeks and then at 4-week intervals through 28 weeks). In addition, blood samples were collected from 210 clinically healthy pregnant Hanwoo cows to establish CBC reference intervals for adult cattle. There were significant differences in the results of the cows and calves in all 14 parameters considered. The CBC reference intervals of the calves were wider than those of the cows in all parameters except mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and mean platelet volume. We also identified differences from birth through 28 weeks between male and female calves at only some ages and some parameters. These results suggest that CBC reference intervals specific to Hanwoo calves are necessary for accurate diagnosis of calf diseases.

scholarly journals Inaccuracy in automated measurement of hematocrit and corpuscular indices in the presence of severe hyperglycemia

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Strauchen ◽  
W Alston ◽  
J Anderson ◽  
Z Gustafson ◽  
LF Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Automated Measurement ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Hyperosmolar Glucose

Abstract Because we recently observed two patients with severe diabetic hyperglycemia and spuriously elevated electronically determined hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), we investigated the effect of hyperglycemia on two popular automated hematology systems, the Coulter S and Ortho ELT-8. Marked hyperglycemia (blood glucose 800-- 2000 mg/dl) caused consistent overestimation of the electronically determined MCV compared to that derived from a simultaneous spun microhematocrit. The resultant overestimation and underestimation, respectively, of the derived values for hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration may be clinically misleading. The mechanism of MCV elevation in hyperglycemia appears to be swelling of hyperosmolar glucose “loaded” erythrocytes when diluted into “isotonic” counting medium. This effect is readily circumvented by determination of a spun microhematocrit.

Toxicopathological effects of lambda-cyhalothrin in female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 591-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Basir ◽  
Ahrar Khan ◽  
Riaz Mustafa ◽  
Muhammad Zargham Khan ◽  
Farzana Rizvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) on clinical, hematological, biochemical and pathological alterations in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). New Zealand white female rabbits (n = 24) of 4-5 months age having 997.92 ± 32.83 g weight were divided into four equal groups. Group A (control) received normal saline intraperitoneally (ip). Animals in groups B, C and D were treated with LCT 1.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg bw ip. Each group received seven consecutive doses at an interval of 48 hours. Blood and serum samples were collected at an interval of 96 hours. Blood analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in red blood cell and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration and lymphocytes, while mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophils, monocytes and eosinophils were increased. Serum biochemical analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum total proteins and serum albumin, while an increase was seen in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities compared with the control group. Serum globulin values varied non-significantly in all treatment groups as compared to control group. A dose-dependent increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte was observed. All gross and histopathological lesions observed in LCT-treated rabbits were dose-dependent. Liver of the treated rabbits exhibited extensive perihepatitis, hyperplasia of bile duct, necrosis, hemorrhages and congestion. In lungs, there were hemorrhages, thickened alveolar walls, congestion, emphysema, collapsed alveoli and accumulation of extensive inflammatory cells. Kidneys were congested and hemorrhagic whereas renal parenchyma and stroma were normal. Microscopically, heart showed congestion of blood vessels and nuclear pyknosis, myodegeneration. It was concluded from the study that LCT produced toxicopathological alterations in rabbits in a dose-dependent manner. On the basis of the results, it can be suggested that overdosing of LCT be avoided while treating animals for ectoparasites.

Association of ADSL gene polymorphisms with meat quality and carcass traits in domestic pigeons (Columba livia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Mao ◽  
H. Y. Cao ◽  
H. H. Liu ◽  
X. Y. Dong ◽  
N. Y. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Domestic Pigeons
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