Proteins of the Ciliated Protozoan Parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Identified in Common Carp Skin Mucus

The skin mucus is the fish primary defense barrier protecting from infections via the skin epidermis. In a previous study, we have investigated the proteome of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) skin mucus at two different time points (1 and 9 days) post-exposure to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Applying a nano-LC ESI MS/MS technique, we have earlier revealed that the abundance of 44 skin mucus proteins has been differentially regulated including proteins associated with host immune responses and wound healing. Herein, in skin mucus samples, we identified six proteins of I. multifiliis associated with the skin mucus in common carp. Alpha and beta tubulins were detected in addition to the elongation factor alpha, 26S proteasome regulatory subunit, 26S protease regulatory subunit 6B, and heat shock protein 90. The identified proteins are likely involved in motility, virulence, and general stress during parasite growth and development after parasite attachment and invasion. Two KEGG pathways, phagosome and proteasome, were identified among these parasite proteins, mirroring the proteolytic and phagocytic activities of this parasite during host invasion, growth, and development, which represent a plausible host invasion strategy of this parasite. The results obtained from this study can support revealing molecular aspects of the interplay between carp and I. multifiliis and may help us understand the I. multifiliis invasion strategy at the skin mucus barrier. The data may advance the development of novel drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics suitable for the management and prevention of ichthyophthiriosis in fish.

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Quantitative proteomic profiling of immune responses to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in common carp skin mucus

Fish & Shellfish Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.078 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 834-842 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mona Saleh ◽

Gokhlesh Kumar ◽

Abdel-Azeem S. Abdel-Baki ◽

Mohamed A. Dkhil ◽

Mansour El-Matbouli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Common Carp ◽

Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽

Proteomic Profiling ◽

Skin Mucus

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Quantitative shotgun proteomics distinguishes wound-healing biomarker signatures in common carp skin mucus in response to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s13567-018-0535-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mona Saleh ◽

Gokhlesh Kumar ◽

Abdel-Azeem Abdel-Baki ◽

Mohamed A. Dkhil ◽

Mansour El-Matbouli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Common Carp ◽

Shotgun Proteomics ◽

Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽

Skin Mucus

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Enrichment of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet with Malic acid: Effects on skin mucosal immunity, antioxidant defecne and growth performance

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Roghieh Safari ◽

Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar ◽

Maryam Dadar ◽

Hien Van Doan

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Malic Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Skin Mucus ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Treatment Comparison ◽

Genes Expression ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

AbstractThe present study investigated possible effects of dietary malic acid on the expression of immunity, antioxidant and growth related genes expression as well as skin mucus immune parameters in common carp. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings were fed diets supplemented with different levels (0 [control], 0.5%, 1%, 2%) of malic acid (MA) for 60 days. The results revealed highest expression levels of immune-related genes (tnf-alpha, il1b, il8 and lyz) in skin of common carp fed 2% MA (P < 0.05). Regarding 1% MA treatment comparison with control group, significant difference was noticed just in case of lyz (P < 0.05). Evaluation of growth related genes expression revealed no significant difference between treatments (P > 0.05). The study of antioxidant related genes (gsta and gpx) in common carp skin fed with MA, showed significant difference between treated groups and control (P < 0.05). Carps fed with 2% MA had highest alkaline phosphatase activity in skin mucus compared other treated groups and control (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between 0.5% and 1% and control (P > 0.05). The study of total protein and total immunoglobulin (Ig) in common carp skin musus revealed no alteration following MA treatment (P > 0.05). The present data demonstrated that feeding with MA altered immune and antioxidant genes expression in skin mucus of common carp.

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26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 10

Targeted Protein Database ◽

10.2970/tpdb.2007.59 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

26S Proteasome ◽

Regulatory Subunit

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Chemically and Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Alter Key Immunological Molecules in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Skin Mucus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22063270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 3270

Author(s):

Ghasem Rashidian ◽

Carlo C. Lazado ◽

Heba H. Mahboub ◽

Ramin Mohammadi-Aloucheh ◽

Marko D. Prokić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Sem Images ◽

Skin Mucus ◽

X Ray ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio

This study was conducted to compare the effects of commercially available (C) and green synthesized (GS) Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on immunological responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) skin mucus. GS ZnO-NPs were generated using Thymus pubescent and characterized by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Fish (n = 150) were randomly allocated into five groups in triplicate and received a waterborne concentration of 0% (control), 25%, and 50% of LC50 96 h of commercially available (C1 and C2) and green synthesized ZnO-NPs (GS1 and GS2) for 21 days. Results from XRD displayed ZnO-NPs with 58 nm in size and UV-vis DRS, EDX, and FT-IR analysis showed that some functional groups from plant extract bonded to the surface of NPs. The SEM images showed that ZnO-NPs have conical morphology. Acute toxicity study showed a higher dose of LC5096h for green synthesized ZnO-NPs (78.9 mg.L−1) compared to the commercial source (59.95 mg.L−1). The highest activity of lysozyme and alternative complement activity (ACH50) were found in control and GS1 groups. A significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was found in C1 and C2 groups compared to other treatments. Protease activity (P) was significantly decreased in the C2 group compared to the control and GS groups. Total immunoglobulin (total Ig) content was the highest in the control. In addition, total Ig in the GS1 group was higher than GS2. The exposure to ZnO-NPs lowered total protein content in all experimental groups when compared to control. Present findings revealed lower induced immunosuppressive effects by green synthesized ZnO-NPs on key parameters of fish skin mucus.

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Trichoderma reesei prs12 encodes a stress- and unfolded-protein-response-inducible regulatory subunit of the fungal 26S proteasome

Current Genetics ◽

10.1007/s002940050338 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 284-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sabine P. Goller ◽

Markus Gorfer ◽

C. P. Kubicek

Keyword(s):

Unfolded Protein Response ◽

Trichoderma Reesei ◽

26S Proteasome ◽

Regulatory Subunit ◽

Unfolded Protein ◽

Protein Response

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Role of cAMP Signaling in the Survival and Infectivity of the Protozoan Parasite, Leishmania donovani

Molecular Biology International ◽

10.4061/2011/782971 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Arunima Biswas ◽

Arijit Bhattacharya ◽

Pijush K. Das

Keyword(s):

Leishmania Donovani ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Camp Level ◽

Camp Signaling ◽

Regulatory Subunit ◽

Developmentally Regulated ◽

Camp Phosphodiesterase ◽

Environmental Trigger ◽

Dependent Protein ◽

Camp Metabolism

Leishmania donovani, while invading macrophages, encounters striking shift in temperature and pH (from 22°C and pH 7.2 to 37°C and pH 5.5), which act as the key environmental trigger for differentiation, and increases cAMP level and cAMP-mediated responses. For comprehensive understanding of cAMP signaling, we studied the enzymes related to cAMP metabolism. A stage-specific and developmentally regulated isoform of receptor adenylate cyclase (LdRACA) showed to regulate differentiation-coupled induction of cAMP. The soluble acidocalcisomal pyrophosphatase, Ldvsp1, was the major isoform regulating cAMP level in association with LdRACA. A differentially expressed soluble cytosolic cAMP phosphodiesterase (LdPDEA) might be related to infection establishment by shifting trypanothione pool utilization bias toward antioxidant defense. We identified and cloned a functional cAMP-binding effector molecule from L. donovani (a regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, LdPKAR) that may modulate metacyclogenesis through induction of autophagy. This study reveals the significance of cAMP signaling in parasite survival and infectivity.

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Platelet Adhesion to Collagen Under Flow Causes Dissociation of a Phosphoprotein Complex of Heat-Shock Proteins and Protein Phosphatase 1

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v90.4.1516.1516_1516_1526 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 1516-1526 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renata Polanowska-Grabowska ◽

Carl G. Simon ◽

Rocco Falchetto ◽

Jeffrey Shabanowitz ◽

Donald F. Hunt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Proteins ◽

Platelet Adhesion ◽

Blood Platelets ◽

Protein Phosphatases ◽

Heat Shock Protein 90 ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Regulatory Subunit ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Induced Aggregation

Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events in human blood platelets were investigated during their adhesion to collagen under flow conditions. Using 32P-labeled platelets and one-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we found that adhesion to collagen mediated primarily by the α2β1 integrin resulted in a strong dephosphorylation of several protein bands. Neither adhesion to polylysine nor thrombin-induced aggregation caused similar protein dephosphorylation. In addition, treatment with okadaic acid (OA), an inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases type 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), caused significant inhibition of adhesion, suggesting that adhesion is regulated by OA-sensitive phosphatases. Recent studies indicate that phosphatases may be associated with the heat-shock proteins. Immunoprecipitations with antibodies against either the heat-shock cognate protein 70 (hsc70) or heat-shock protein 90 (hsp90) showed the presence of a phosphoprotein complex in 32P-labeled, resting human platelets. Antibody probing of this complex detected hsc70, hsp90, two isoforms of the catalytic subunit of PP1, PP1Cα and PP1Cδ, as well as the M regulatory subunit of PP1 (PP1M). OA, at concentrations that markedly blocked platelet adhesion to collagen, caused hyperphosphorylation of the hsc70 complex. In platelets adhering to collagen, hsc70 was completely dephosphorylated and hsp90, PP1α, and PP1M were dissociated from the complex, suggesting involvement of heat-shock proteins and protein phosphatases in platelet adhesion.

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Cloning and Characterization of TaSAP7-A, a Member of the Stress-Associated Protein Family in Common Wheat

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.609351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Wenlu Li ◽

Yixue Wang ◽

Runzhi Li ◽

Xiaoping Chang ◽

Xiangyang Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Grain Filling ◽

26S Proteasome ◽

Regulatory Subunit ◽

Germination Stage

Stress association proteins (SAPs) are A20/AN1 zinc-finger domain proteins, which play important roles in plant adaptation to abiotic stress and plant development. The functions of SAPs in some plants were reported, but little is known about it in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this study, we characterized a novel 2AN1-type stress association protein gene TaSAP7-A, which was mapped to chromosome 5A in wheat. Subcellular localization indicated that TaSAP7-A was distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Unlike previously known A20/AN1-type SAP genes, TaSAP7-A was negatively regulated to abiotic stress tolerance. Overexpressing TaSAP7-A Arabidopsis lines were hypersensitive to ABA, osmotic and salt stress at germination stage and post-germination stage. Overexpression of TaSAP7-A Arabidopsis plants accelerated the detached leaves’ chlorophyll degradation. Association analysis of TaSAP7-A haplotypes and agronomic traits showed that Hap-5A-2 was significantly associated with higher chlorophyll content at jointing stage and grain-filling stage. These results jointly revealed that TaSAP7-A is related to the chlorophyll content in the leaves of Arabidopsis and wheat. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that TaSAP7-A interacted with TaS10B, which was the component of regulatory subunit in 26S proteasome. In general, TaSAP7-A was a regulator of chlorophyll content, and favorable haplotypes should be helpful for improving plant chlorophyll content and grain yield of wheat.

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