scholarly journals Silica-Based Stimuli-Responsive Systems for Antitumor Drug Delivery and Controlled Release

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Avelino Corma ◽  
Pablo Botella ◽  
Eva Rivero-Buceta
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Real Patients

The administration of cytotoxic drugs in classical chemotherapy is frequently limited by water solubility, low plasmatic stability, and a myriad of secondary effects associated with their diffusion to healthy tissue. In this sense, novel pharmaceutical forms able to deliver selectively these drugs to the malign cells, and imposing a space-time precise control of their discharge, are needed. In the last two decades, silica nanoparticles have been proposed as safe vehicles for antitumor molecules due to their stability in physiological medium, high surface area and easy functionalization, and good biocompatibility. In this review, we focus on silica-based nanomedicines provided with specific mechanisms for intracellular drug release. According to silica nature (amorphous, mesostructured, and hybrids) nanocarriers responding to a variety of stimuli endogenously (e.g., pH, redox potential, and enzyme activity) or exogenously (e.g., magnetic field, light, temperature, and ultrasound) are proposed. Furthermore, the incorporation of targeting molecules (e.g., monoclonal antibodies) that interact with specific cell membrane receptors allows a selective delivery to cancer cells to be carried out. Eventually, we present some remarks on the most important formulations in the pipeline for clinical approval, and we discuss the most difficult tasks to tackle in the near future, in order to extend the use of these nanomedicines to real patients.

Porous Silicas for Enhanced Drug Release

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Abina M. Crean ◽  
Robert J. Ahern ◽  
Rakesh Dontireddy ◽  
Walid Faisil ◽  
John P. Hanrahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Drug Molecules

Low drug water-solubility is a major challenge to overcome in the development of tablet or capsule dosage forms for a large number of promising drug candidates. Strategies to improve drug solubility and dissolution involve chemical, physical and formulation approaches. An emerging formulation approach to increase drug dissolution and solubility involves the creation of solid dispersions of drug molecules on to a high surface area inorganic carrier, such as porous silica. The combined benefits of a hydrophilic inorganic substrate, increased drug surface area and a high-energy drug form facilitate rapid drug dissolution into aqueous based media and can create supersaturated drug solutions. The work presented provides a brief overview of the silica grades investigated, processes employed to load drugs onto the silica substrates, provide some examples of the ability of silica to enhance drug dissolution and highlight some of the challenges in the development of these novel drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals Nanocellulose-based polymer hybrids and their emerging applications in biomedical engineering and water purification

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 19143-19162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh K. Patel ◽  
Sayan Deb Dutta ◽  
Ki-Taek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Polymer Hybrids ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties

Nanocellulose, derived from cellulose hydrolysis, has unique optical and mechanical properties, high surface area, and good biocompatibility.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CUO NANOPARTICLES

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
PARDEEP KUMAR ◽  
AJINKYA GIRISH NENE ◽  
SANDEEP PUNIA ◽  
MANOJ KUMAR ◽  
ZAHOOR ABBAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Bacterial Infectious Disease ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Near Future

Objective: The present study was done to see the effect of biologically synthesized CuO-NPs (Copperoxide nanoparticles) on the growth of bacterial strains. Methods: Physico-chemical characterization of CuO-NPs was done by UV-Vis-spectrophotometer, XRD, FE-SEM, and EDS. The disc plate diffusion assay was used to evaluate the anti-bacterial effect of CuNPs. Results: This study has shown a promising anti-bacterial activity of biosynthesized CuO-NPs at different concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 µg/ml against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Conclusion: Nanoparticles (NPs) are small size particles between range 1 to 100 nm which expand their physical and chemical properties due to high surface area. The present study reveals that there may be possible utilization of biosynthesized CuO NPs for the treatment of bacterial infectious disease in near future.

Progress in Preparation of Silk Fibroin Microspheres for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-371
Author(s):  
Shihe Long ◽  
Yun Xiao ◽  
Xingdong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Natural Biomaterial ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Near Future

: As a natural biomaterial, silk fibroin (SF) holds great potential in biomedical applications with its broad availability, good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, ease of fabrication, and controlled degradation. With emerging fabrication methods, nanoand microspheres made from SF have brought about unique opportunities in drug delivery, cell culture, and tissue engineering. For these applications, the size and distribution of silk fibroin particles (SFPs) are critical and require precise control during fabrication. Herein, we review common and emerging SFPs fabrication methods and their biomedical applications, and also the challenges and opportunities for SFPs in the near future. : Lay Summary: The application of silk in textile has an extraordinarily long history and new biomedical applications emerged owing to the good biocompatibility and versatile fabrication options of its major protein component, silk fibroin. With the development of nanotechnology and microfabrication, silk fibroin has been fabricated into nano- or microspheres with precisely controlled shape and distribution. In this review, we summarize common and emerging silk fibroin particle fabrication methods and their biomedical applications, and also discuss their challenges and opportunities in the nearest future.

scholarly journals Product Innovations from Electrospun Nanofibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Innovative Products

The article reviews some significant research trends in the development of innovative products from electrospun nanofibers. In one area of investigation, high surface area poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/tea polyphenols (TPs) porous composite nanofiber membranes (CNFMs) were prepared successfully by electrospinning and applied to adsorption of silver ions. In another area of research electrospun PVA/SiO2 separator membranes were presented and their electrochemical performance was evaluated for use in Li-ion batteries. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used to prepare nanofiber based membranes due to advantages such as low cost, water solubility, and biodegradability. In yet another work, a mixture of formic acid (FA), acetic acid (AA), and acetone was used, for the first time, as a ternary solvent system to dissolve poly(E-caprolactone) (PCL). In addition, as a biomaterial reinforcement, various amounts of cellulose microfibrils (CMF) (1.5, 3, and 5wt. %), extracted from rice husk, were added to PCL solution, and subsequently the prepared suspensions were individually electrospun.

scholarly journals The Promising Role of Chitosan–Poloxamer 188 Nanocrystals in Improving Diosmin Dissolution and Therapeutic Efficacy against Ferrous Sulfate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2087
Author(s):  
Neamet S. Lotfy ◽  
Thanaa M. Borg ◽  
Elham A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Dissolution Enhancement ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Electrostatic And Steric Stabilization ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Diosmin (DSN) exhibits poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Although nanocrystals (NCs) are successful for improving drug solubility, they may undergo crystal growth. Therefore, DSN NCs were prepared, employing sonoprecipitation utilizing different stabilizers. The optimum stabilizer was combined with chitosan (CS) as an electrostatic stabilizer. NCs based on 0.15% w/v poloxamer 188 (PLX188) as a steric stabilizer and 0.04% w/v CS were selected because they showed the smallest diameter (368.93 ± 0.47 nm) and the highest ζ-potential (+40.43 ± 0.15 mV). Mannitol (1% w/v) hindered NC enlargement on lyophilization. FT-IR negated the chemical interaction of NC components. DSC and XRD were performed to verify the crystalline state. DSN dissolution enhancement was attributed to the nanometric rod-shaped NCs, the high surface area, and the improved wettability. CS insolubility and its diffusion layer may explain controlled DSN release from CS-PLX188 NCs. CS-PLX188 NCs were more stable than PLX188 NCs, suggesting the significance of the combined electrostatic and steric stabilization strategies. The superiority of CS-PLX188 NCs was indicated by the significantly regulated biomarkers, pathological alterations, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression of the hepatic tissue compared to DSN suspension and PLX188 NCs. Permeation, mucoadhesion, and cellular uptake enhancement by CS may explain this superiority.

Meso-Architecture Block Copolymers with High Surface Area Styrene-Bridged Organosilica Particles as Constituent for the Stimuli-Responsive Remediation of Water

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Kollofrath ◽  
Marcel Geppert ◽  
Sebastian Polarz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Thermoresponsive Polymer ◽  
Shell System ◽  
Mesoporous Organosilica ◽  
Ideal System

The development of drugs for birth-control has changed society, and they are used by billions of woman on an every day basis. As for every mass product, there are problems associated with the waste it causes. One has found that residues of hormones in the urine of woman cannot be removed sufficiently from waste-water and this, in-turn, has already observable and undesired consequences in the biosphere. Apart from the removal of drugs, one is in general seeking new methods for the removal of hydrophobic impurities from waste-water. An ideal system would quantitatively take up the impurity, entrap it followed by preferably simple separation. Finally, one wants to reuse the absorbent, which implies the possibility for regeneration and recycling. Such as complex set of tasks requires a relatively complex materials architecture. Functional organic polymers with high affinity towards the drug, with stable open porosity and high surface area, stimuli-responsive properties and in the form of colloidal dispersions could do the job. Unfortunately, such a system does not exist. We solved this problem by generating mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles, which are monomers at the same time. Initiation of the polymerization reaction by surface-bound pore-walls leads to the formation of a special type of block-copolymer. The pore-walls are covered by the polymer, which cannot leach. An orthogonal modification was achieved by modification of the external surfaces of the particles with a thermoresponsive polymer by click-chemistry. The final core-shell system was able to remove hydrophobic molecules such as the hormone progesterone from water. A change of temperature induces the collapse of the thermoresponsive polymer, which closes the pores and induces aggregation of the particles. After separation of the particles, and thus also the entrapped impurity, from the solvent, one can re-open the pores, which leads to a release of the adsorbed compound(s).

Meso-Architecture Block Copolymers with High Surface Area Styrene-Bridged Organosilica Particles as Constituent for the Stimuli-Responsive Remediation of Water

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Kollofrath ◽  
Marcel Geppert ◽  
Sebastian Polarz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Thermoresponsive Polymer ◽  
Shell System ◽  
Mesoporous Organosilica ◽  
Ideal System

The development of drugs for birth-control has changed society, and they are used by billions of woman on an every day basis. As for every mass product, there are problems associated with the waste it causes. One has found that residues of hormones in the urine of woman cannot be removed sufficiently from waste-water and this, in-turn, has already observable and undesired consequences in the biosphere. Apart from the removal of drugs, one is in general seeking new methods for the removal of hydrophobic impurities from waste-water. An ideal system would quantitatively take up the impurity, entrap it followed by preferably simple separation. Finally, one wants to reuse the absorbent, which implies the possibility for regeneration and recycling. Such as complex set of tasks requires a relatively complex materials architecture. Functional organic polymers with high affinity towards the drug, with stable open porosity and high surface area, stimuli-responsive properties and in the form of colloidal dispersions could do the job. Unfortunately, such a system does not exist. We solved this problem by generating mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles, which are monomers at the same time. Initiation of the polymerization reaction by surface-bound pore-walls leads to the formation of a special type of block-copolymer. The pore-walls are covered by the polymer, which cannot leach. An orthogonal modification was achieved by modification of the external surfaces of the particles with a thermoresponsive polymer by click-chemistry. The final core-shell system was able to remove hydrophobic molecules such as the hormone progesterone from water. A change of temperature induces the collapse of the thermoresponsive polymer, which closes the pores and induces aggregation of the particles. After separation of the particles, and thus also the entrapped impurity, from the solvent, one can re-open the pores, which leads to a release of the adsorbed compound(s).

Fractal Reactor in Micro-Scale for Process Intensification

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Lu ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Zhuangdian Liang ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Yu Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Theory ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Reactor Design ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
Micro Reactor

AbstractFractal theory, with its novel architectures inspired by nature, provides some novel concepts for smart reactor design. Here, researches on the applications of fractal theory to micro-reactor design are reviewed, in term of its high surface area-to-volume ratio, rapid and direct numbering-up, safety, and precise control. In addition, two designs of fractal micro-reactor are introduced as typical examples. First, the H-type fractal structure is considered in the context of the design of a double-plate micro-reactor, which is used for photocatalytic reactions of CO2. Second, applications of fractal Hilbert curves are considered in the design of channel structures for gas-liquid reactions. These two fractal micro-reactors can be fabricated via 3D printing technology and used for CO2conversion under mild conditions.

scholarly journals Extraction of Parquat from Blood by Clinoptilolite

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad-Amin Aghaii-Afshar ◽  
Seyed Vahid Shetab-Boushehri
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Sodium Dithionite ◽  
Exchange Property ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Saturated Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Laboratory Error

Paraquat is a bipyridyl herbicide and organic divalent cation which due to its high polarity and water solubility cannot be readily extracted by common organic solvents from body fluids. Dithionite color test for qualitative and quantitative determination of paraquat in urine has been proposed and used for many years. Although some methods were proposed for solvent extraction of paraquat from blood, they are less practical in clinical laboratories and lack high extraction recovery. Clinoptilolite is a highly porous natural zeolite with cation-exchange property and high surface area. In the present work, extraction of paraquat from human blood by clinoptilolite was investigated and compared with Amberlite CG-50 I, a well-known weak cation-exchanger. Blood paraquat was adsorbed by adsorbents (clinoptilolite or Amberlite) and extracted from them by saturated sodium chloride solution. Extracted paraquat was spectrophotometrically measured by means of sodium dithionite reagent at 394.5 nm. Recovery, limit of detection, considering signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 3, and limit of quantification, regarding S/N of 10, of paraquat extraction by clinoptilolite and Amberlite CG-50 were 81.7% ± 3.4%, 0.58 μg, and 1.93 μg and 83.6% ± 3.2%, 0.49 μg, and 1.63 μg, respectively. Repeatabilities (within-laboratory error) of paraquat extraction by clinoptilolite and Amberlite CG-50 I were 7.1% and 6.3%, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document