Water-Resistant Casein-Based Adhesives for Veneer Bonding in Biodegradable Ski Cores

The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of casein-based adhesives for the bonding of ash (Fraxinus spp.) veneers for the manufacture of biodegradable skis. Different formulations containing casein powder, water, lime, sodium silicate, and various glue amounts were tested for shear strength after water storage, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, water absorption, and thickness swelling. Two other classic wood adhesives, namely epoxy and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) type D4 were used as control. The highest efficiency of both mechanical and physical properties was recorded for the samples glued with caseins and an increased amount of lime. There was also an affinity between casein adhesive distribution and physical and mechanical plywood performance. Moreover, the developed casein-based glues were also used to bond the plywood for ski cores and tested in real-life winter conditions.

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Investigation of the use of old railroad ties (Fagus orientalis) and citrus branches (orange tree) in the particleboard industry

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.4.6984-6992 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 6984-6992

Author(s):

Ali Hassanpoor Tichi

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Internal Bond ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Aspen Wood ◽

Fire Retardancy ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Four Levels

Effects of two widely available and underutilized lignocellulosic materials on the mechanical and physical properties of particleboards were investigated in this work. The ratio of mixtures lignocellulosic flakes at four levels (100% aspen wood), (50% aspen wood: 25% citrus: 25% old railroad ties), (50% aspen wood: 50% citrus), and (50% aspen wood: 50% old railroad ties), and the percentage of resin in two levels (8 and 12%) were considered as variable factors. The 100% aspen wood (Populus tremula) was mixed as a control board (100% aspen wood). Then the mechanical and physical properties of the samples including modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bond, water absorption, and thickness swelling after 2 h and 24 h of immersion (EN 310-319) and fire resistance (ISO 11925-2) were measured. The results showed that with increasing poplar wood in mixtures, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bond increased, while water absorption and thickness swelling decreased. Also, in comparison with the control boards, the boards that were made by mixing 50% poplar and 50% citrus branches with 12% glue had the highest mechanical strength. The results also showed that increasing the amount of old railroad ties chips in mixing caused a significant decrease in the fire retardancy of the boards.

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Effect of Particle Size on Some Properties of Rice Husk Particleboard

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.18-19.43 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18-19 ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J.O. Osarenmwinda ◽

J.C. Nwachukwu

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Internal Bond ◽

Elasticity Modulus ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Effect Of Particle Size

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of particle size on the mechanical properties (Modulus of Elasticity, Modulus of Rupture, and Internal Bond) and physical properties (thickness swelling and water absorption) of rice husk particleboard. The particle sizes used were 1.0mm, 1.18mm, 2mm, 2.36mm and 2.80mm. Each was mixed with a constant resin (urea formaldehyde) concentration of 20% of oven dry weight of rice husk particles. The results showed that as the particle size increased, the particleboard’s mechanical and physical properties decreased. For example, the modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond, thickness swelling and water absorption for 1.0mm particle size particleboard were 1590N/mm2, 11.11N/mm2, 0.28N/mm2,10.90% and 38.53% respectively, while for 2.8mm particle size they were 1958N/mm2,14.2N/mm2, 0.44N/mm2, 11.51% and 47.21% respectively. Overall results showed that particleboard made from rice husk exceed the EN standard for modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond. However, thickness swelling values were poor. Hence, the smaller the particle size the better the properties of the particleboard.

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Binderless bark particleboard made from gelam (Melaleuca viridiflora Sol. ex Gaertn.) bark waste: The effect of the pressing temperature on its mechanical and physical properties

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.2.4171-4199 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 4171-4199

Author(s):

Eva Oktoberyani Christy ◽

Soemarno ◽

Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan ◽

Agoes Soehardjono

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Single Layer ◽

High Water ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Pressing Temperature ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Panel Surface

This study investigated the effects of the pressing temperature on the mechanical and physical properties of binderless bark particleboard made from Gelam bark waste and the improvement of those properties. In addition, the thermal insulation properties of the particleboard were determined. Four different temperatures (140 °C, 160 °C, 180 °C, and 200 °C) were used to make single-layer binderless bark particleboard with a target density of less than or equal to 0.59 g/cm3. Results revealed that the pressing temperature affected the mechanical properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength perpendicular to panel surface), which increased as the temperature increased, and the physical properties (thickness swelling and water absorption), which decreased as the temperature increased. Based on the Tukey test, increasing the temperature from 180 to 200 °C did not significantly affect the mechanical or physical properties, except for the tensile strength perpendicular to panel surface. None of the mechanical properties met SNI standard 03-2105-2006 (2006); however, the 12% maximum thickness swelling requirement was met for binderless bark particleboard hot-pressed at 200 °C. Binderless bark particleboard hot-pressed at 200 °C had high water resistance, regardless of its low strength, and a thermal conductivity value of 0.14 W/m∙K.

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Evaluation of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Insulation Fiberboard with Cellulose Nanofibers

Forest Products Journal ◽

10.13073/fpj-d-21-00030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 275-282

Author(s):

Yoichi Kojima ◽

Tetsuya Makino ◽

Kazuaki Ota ◽

Kazushige Murayama ◽

Hikaru Kobori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Cellulose Nanofibers ◽

Compressive Force ◽

High Water ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Target Density ◽

Wet Process ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Water Absorption Test

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the lab-scale manufacturing process of insulation fiberboard (IFB) with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and evaluate the effects of CNFs on the mechanical and physical properties of the IFB. Because the fabricated IFBs with CNFs had a homogeneous appearance, it was assumed that CNFs can be easily dispersed within IFB by adding them during the mixing stage of the wet process of wood-based board production. The results for the IFBs with CNFs revealed that the density and bending properties increased, while the thickness decreased with an increase in the CNF addition ratio. Furthermore, after the water absorption test, the weight change rates of the IFBs decreased, and the thickness swelling rates increased. Although the size of the specimens was different from the size in JIS A 5905 (Japan Standards Association 2014), the modulus of rupture (MOR) values of IFBs with a target density more than or equal to 0.20 g/cm3 were higher than the value of A-class IFB in the standard for all CNF addition ratios. In addition, lower thermal conductivity may be realized under similar MOR values by adding CNFs to IFB. On the other hand, to produce CNF-reinforced IFBs with target density/thickness, it is necessary to develop a method for decreasing the cohesive force derived from CNF aggregation and the compressive force originating from the water surface tension caused by the high water retention of CNFs.

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Effect of Ozone Treatment on Properties of Screw Pressed and Non-Screw Pressed Empty Fruit Bunch Medium Density Particleboard

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.116 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1134 ◽

pp. 116-122

Author(s):

Roslan Ali ◽

Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Taib ◽

Kamal Wok ◽

Shawaluddin Tahiruddin ◽

Mohd Amrin Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Ozone Treatment ◽

Medium Density ◽

Internal Bonding ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Thickness Swelling

This study was done to investigate the effects of ozone treatment as a method to improve the properties of empty fruit bunch (EFB) medium density particleboard. Two types of EFB were used in this study i.e. screw pressed and non-screw pressed empty fruit bunch. These EFB were treated in an ozone chamber for 8 hours prior to particleboard manufacturing. The mechanical properties, Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Internal Bonding (IB) and physical properties, water Absorption (WA) and Thickness Swelling (TS) of EFB particleboard were determined. The results showed that the ozone treatment could increase the MOR and IB values of EFB particleboard, but had no significant effect on MOE values. For physical properties, the values showed no improvement for TS and WA. The panels manufactured using ozone treatment was found suitable for applications for furniture products.

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Evaluation of Functional Features of Lignocellulosic Particle Composites Containing Biopolymer Binders

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14247718 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (24) ◽

pp. 7718

Author(s):

Aneta Gumowska ◽

Eduardo Robles ◽

Grzegorz Kowaluk

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Considerable Change ◽

Binder Content ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Functional Features ◽

The Impact ◽

Internal Bonding Strength

In this research, the assessment of the impact of natural biopolymer binders on selected mechanical and physical properties of lignocellulosic composites manufactured with different resination (12%, 15%, 20%). Different mechanical and physical properties were determined: modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding strength, thickness swelling, water absorption, contact angle, and density profile. Moreover, thermal properties such as thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were studied for the polymers. The results showed significant improvement of characterized features of the composites produced using biopolymers. However, the rise of the properties was visible when the binder content raised from 12% to 15%. Further increase of biopolymer binder did not imply a considerable change. The most promising biopolymer within the tested ones seems to be polycaprolactone (PCL).

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Medium Density Particleboard with Addition of Impregnated Paper

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.543 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1025-1026 ◽

pp. 543-546

Author(s):

Juliana Cortez Barbosa ◽

Anderson Luiz da Silva Michelon ◽

Elen Aparecida Martines Morales ◽

Cristiane Inácio de Campos ◽

André Luis Christoforo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Medium Density ◽

Test Results ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Adhesion Test ◽

Layer Medium ◽

Determine Moisture Content

The aim of this research was to produce three-layer Medium Density Particleboard (MDP), with the addition of impregnated paper, in the inner layer, in proportions of 1; 5 and 20%. In this study, MDP was composed with particles of small size in outer layers, and larger particles in internal layer. After panel manufacturing, physical and mechanical tests based on Brazilian Code ABNT NBR 14.810 were carried out to determine moisture content; density; thickness swelling; water absorption; modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in static bending and internal adhesion. Test results were compared to commercial panels, produced with 100% Eucalyptus, considering the requirements specified by Brazilian Code. Properties presented values close to normative specifications, indicating positively the possibility of production of MDP using addition of waste paper impregnated.

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Influence of Moisture Content in some Mechanical Properties of Two Brazilian Tropical Wood Species

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.42 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1025-1026 ◽

pp. 42-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luiz A. Melgaço N. Branco ◽

Eduardo Chahud ◽

André Luis Christoforo ◽

Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr ◽

Rosane A.G. Battistelle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Shear Strength ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Wood Species ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Tropical Wood ◽

Fiber Saturation ◽

Brazilian Standard

This study aimed, with the aid of analysis of variance (ANOVA), to investigate and quantify the influence of moisture ranging between 12% and over 30% (fiber saturation) on the mechanical properties: strength and modulus of elasticity in compression and in tension parallel to grain; modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in static bending; shear strength parallel to grain considering wood species Ipê (Tabebuia sp) and Angelim Araroba (Vataireopsis araroba). Tests were performed according to the assumptions and calculating methods Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190, Anexx B, totalizing 400 tests. Results of ANOVA revealed a significant reduction (16% on average) for mechanical properties wood due to the increase in moisture content from 12% to over 30% (fiber saturation). The same behavior also occurred when assembly containing the two species was considered.

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Mechanical and Physical Properties of Straw Bales

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.250 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 649 ◽

pp. 250-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Petr Konečný ◽

Jiří Teslík ◽

Michal Hamala

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Material Properties ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Building Material ◽

Deformation Behavior ◽

Deformation Characteristics ◽

Empirical Knowledge ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Ecological Building

Straw bales can be used as a relatively cheap and ecological building material for buildings. Design of straw buildings is currently based on empirical knowledge although it would be very helpful to have more information about material properties for designing and realization of straw bales houses. Article discuses load - deformation behavior of straw bales in laboratory conditions and evaluate the modulus of elasticity of local straw bales. Deformation characteristics of straw bales can be very useful for the design of straw buildings.

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Effect of Silvicultural Practice and Wood Type on Loblolly Pine Particleboard and Medium Density Fiberboard Properties

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.1999.036 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Todd F. Shupe ◽

Chung Y. Hse ◽

Elvin T. Choong ◽

Leslie H. Groom

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Pinus Taeda ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Medium Density Fiberboard ◽

Thickness Swell ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Wood Type ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Silvicultural Practice ◽

Strategy I

Summary The objective of this study was to determine the effect of five different silvicultural strategies and wood type on mechanical and physical properties of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) particleboard and fiberboard. The furnish was prepared in an unconventional manner from innerwood and outerwood veneer for each stand. Modulus of rupture (MOR) differences between the stands were insignificant for particleboard. Some significant modulus of elastisity (MOE) differences existed between the stands for particleboard and fiberboard. Differences between the wood types were minimal for each stand. Innerwood yielded higher mean MOR, MOE, and internal bond (IB) values than outerwood for most of the stands. The differences between the stand and wood types for 2 and 24 h thickness swell and 2 and 24h water adsorption were very minimal. This research has shown that innerwood can produce particleboard and fiberboard panels with very comparable mechanical and physical properties to outerwood. The effect of the silvicultural strategy (i. e., stand) was minimal for most properties.

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