Designing Multifunctional Protective PVC Electrospun Fibers with Tunable Properties

In this work, the electrospinning technique is used for the fabrication of electrospun functional fibers with desired properties in order to show a superhydrophobic behavior. With the aim to obtain a coating with the best properties, a design of experiments (DoE) has been performed by controlling several inputs operating parameters, such as applied voltage, flow rate, and precursor polymeric concentration. In this work, the reference substrate to be coated is the aluminum alloy (60661T6), whereas the polymeric precursor is the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which presents an intrinsic hydrophobic nature. Finally, in order to evaluate the coating morphology for the better performance, the following parameters—such as fiber diameter, surface roughness (Ra, Rq), optical properties, corrosion behavior, and wettability—have been deeply analyzed. To sum up, this is the first time that DoE has been used for the optimization of superhydrophobic or anticorrosive surfaces by using PVC precursor for the prediction of an adequate surface morphology as a function of the input operational parameters derived from electrospinning process with the aim to validate better performance.

Download Full-text

Polycaprolactone Fiber Bundles Prepared by Self-Bundling Electrospinning

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.271 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 622-623 ◽

pp. 271-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patcharaporn Thitiwongsawet ◽

Tanwa Tiyajalearn ◽

Aumnart Klinchan ◽

Chaninporn Thanatthammachote

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Fiber Diameter ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Fiber Bundles ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Average Fiber Diameter ◽

Electrospinning Technique

Polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber bundles were successfully prepared by self-bundling electrospinning technique from two different concentrations (i.e. 12% and 15% w/v) of PCL solution. Self-bundling of electrospun fibers was induced by used of a grounded needle tip at the beginning of electrospinning process. Electrical conductivity of PCL solutions were increased and average fiber diameter were decreased by addition and increasing amount of pyridinium formate (PF) at concentration of 3, 4, and 5% w/v into either 12% or 15% w/v PCL solutions. The average diameter of electrospun fibers and bundles were in range of 2.1-3.3 m and 100-120 m, respectively.

Download Full-text

Electrospun Nylon-6 Nanofibers and Their Characteristics

Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni ◽

10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v9i1.5747 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 9-19

Author(s):

Ida Sriyanti ◽

Meily P Agustini ◽

Jaidan Jauhari ◽

Sukemi Sukemi ◽

Zainuddin Nawawi

Keyword(s):

Fiber Diameter ◽

Peak Shift ◽

Nylon 6 ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Fiber Concentration ◽

Air Filters ◽

Xrd Pattern ◽

Electrospinning Method ◽

Small Wave

The purposes of this research were to investigate the synthesized Nylon-6 nanofibers using electrospinning technique and their characteristics. The method used in this study was an experimental method with a quantitative approach. Nylon-6 nanofibers have been produced using the electrospinning method. This fiber was made with different concentrations, i.e. 20% w/w (FN1), 25% w/w (FN2), and 30% w/w (FN3). The SEM results show that the morphology of all nylon-6 nanofibers) forms perfect fibers without bead fiber. Increasing fiber concentration from 20% w/w to 30% w/w results in bigger morphology and fiber diameter. The dimensions of the FN1, FN2, and FN3 fibers are 1890 nm, 2350 nm, and 2420 nm, respectively. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the increase in the concentration of nylon-6 (b) and the electrospinning process caused a peak shift in the amide II group (CH2 bond), the carbonyl group and the CH2 stretching of the amide III group from small wave numbers to larger ones. The results of XRD characterization showed that the electrospinning process affected the changes in the XRD pattern of nylon-6 nanofiber (FN1, FN2, and FN3) in the state of semi crystal. Nylon-6 nanofibers can be used for applications in medicine, air filters, and electrode for capacitors

Download Full-text

Fabrication and Characterization of Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Gelatin Electrospun Fibers

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.52 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 554 ◽

pp. 52-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mim Mim Lim ◽

Naznin Sultana ◽

Azli Bin Yahya

Keyword(s):

Fiber Diameter ◽

Electrospun Fiber ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Average Fiber Diameter ◽

Polymer Blending ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Sem Image

Over the past few decades, there has been considerable interest in developing electrospun fibers by using electrospinning technique for various applications. Polymer blending is one of the most effective methods in providing desired properties. In this study, synthetic polymer polycaprolactone (PCL) was blended together with natural polymer gelatin where both of them have different properties. It is done by using electrospinning technique. 10 %w/v and 14 %w/v PCL/gelatin electrospun fibers were successfully electrospun with different weight ratio. Processing parameters were set constant in this study and only solution parameters were altered. The optimized electrospun fiber formed was 14 %w/v PCL/gelatin 70:30 with average fiber diameter of 246.30 nm. No beaded fiber was formed in this scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. The result obtained also showed that by increasing the overall polymeric concentration of PCL/gelatin, average fiber diameter decreases. Fiber diameter was also found decreasing with the increase of the concentration of gelatin in the same concentratoin of PCL/gelatin blended electrospun fiber. Blending of PCL and gelatin in different weight ratio had provided different properties of electrospun fibers. It is believed that blended electrospun fibers can be used for biomedical applications.

Download Full-text

Real-Time Characterization of Electrospun PVP Nanofibers as Sensitive Layer of a Surface Acoustic Wave Device for Gas Detection

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2014/243037 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. Matatagui ◽

M. J. Fernández ◽

J. P. Santos ◽

J. Fontecha ◽

I. Sayago ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acoustic Wave ◽

Real Time ◽

Surface Acoustic Wave ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Sensitive Layer ◽

Depth Of Penetration ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Electrospinning Technique

The goal of this work has been to study the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fibers deposited by means of the electrospinning technique for using as sensitive layer in surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The electrospinning process of the fibers has been monitored and RF characterized in real time, and it has been shown that the diameters of the fibers depend mainly on two variables: the applied voltage and the distance between the needle and the collector, since all the electrospun fibers have been characterized by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Real-time measurement during the fiber coating process has shown that the depth of penetration of mechanical perturbation in the fiber layer has a limit. It has been demonstrated that once this saturation has been reached, the increase of the thickness of the fibers coating does not improve the sensitivity of the sensor. Finally, the parameters used to deposit the electrospun fibers of smaller diameters have been used to deposit fibers on a SAW device to obtain a sensor to measure different concentrations of toluene at room temperature. The present sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, good linearity and repeatability, and high and fast response to toluene at room temperature.

Download Full-text

Functionalized Electrospun Fibers for the Design of Novel Hydrophobic and Anticorrosive Surfaces

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings8090300 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 300 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pedro Rivero ◽

David Yurrita ◽

Carlos Berlanga ◽

José Palacio ◽

Rafael Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Water Contact ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Hydrophobic Molecule ◽

High Degree

In this work, a novel coating was deposited on aluminum alloy samples by using a combination of electrospinning and chemical vapor deposition (CVD-silanization) techniques in order to create a functionalized film with an enhancement of both corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity. The electrospinning technique makes the fabrication of highly crosslinked electrospun fibers possible by the combination of both poly(acrylic acid) and β-cyclodextrin, respectively, which can be easily functionalized in a further step by using the CVD-silanization process due to the evaporation of a hydrophobic molecule such as 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perflurodecyltriethoxysilane. In addition, the resultant electrospun fibers with a high degree of insolubility have been successfully fabricated and metal oxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have been incorporated into the electrospun polymeric solution in order to improve the corrosion protection. The surface morphology has been determined by using light optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The corrosion resistance has been evaluated by using both potentiodynamic polarization and pitting corrosion tests. Finally, the results related to WCA measurements after CVD-silanization corroborate that the surfaces have been successfully functionalized with a hydrophobic behavior in comparison with the electrospinning process, showing a considerable difference in the roughness.

Download Full-text

Facile Preparation of Superhydrophobic Membrane Inspired by Chinese Traditional Hand-Stretched Noodles

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11020228 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 228

Author(s):

Xiaomei Cai ◽

Junjie Huang ◽

Xizhao Lu ◽

Le Yang ◽

Tianliang Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Surface ◽

Metal Substrate ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Electrospun Membranes ◽

Facile Preparation ◽

First Time

A facile approach inspired by Chinese traditional hand-stretched noodle-making process has been demonstrated for the preparation of superhydrophobic membrane for the first time. Unlike standard electrospinning, a metal substrate that is covered with superhydrophobic nanopowders is utilized to collect fibers during electrospinning. Experimental results show that the proposed method can make some nanopowders stick on the fiber surface to endow electrospun membranes with superhydrophoboic property, especially as the substrate is heated. This noodle-making-like electrospinning process is believed to provide a novel and simple way for the fabrication of superhydrophobic membrane, which should further broaden the application of electrospinning technique.

Download Full-text

Towards Analysis and Optimization of Electrospun PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) Nanofibers

Advances in Polymer Technology ◽

10.1155/2020/4090747 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Utkarsh ◽

Hussien Hegab ◽

Muhammad Tariq ◽

Nabeel Ahmed Syed ◽

Ghaus Rizvi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sound Absorption ◽

Fiber Diameter ◽

Polymer Concentration ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Average Model ◽

Model Accuracy ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Array Design ◽

Polymeric Nanofibers ◽

Experimental Trials

In this study, the polymeric nanofibers of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were manufactured using the electrospinning technique. The electrospinning process parameters such as voltage, polymer concentration, rotational speed of the collecting drum, collecting distance, and flow rate were optimized to obtain the minimum fiber diameter for sound absorption applications. The effects of these parameters on the fiber diameter as output responses were investigated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Taguchi’s array design. Furthermore, a mathematical model was generated using response surface methodology (RSM) to model the electrospinning process. The high voltage and polymer concentration were observed to be the most significant parameters at 95% and 99% confidence level. The average model accuracy of 83.4% was observed for the predictive model of electrospinning which is considered acceptable as it is composed of complete experimental trials of 27 out of 243 runs. The experimental study offers a promising attempt in the open literature to carefully understand the effect of various electrospinning parameters when producing PVP nanofibers.

Download Full-text

Investigation of the Fiber, Bulk, and Surface Properties of Meltblown and Electrospun Polymeric Fabrics

International Nonwovens Journal ◽

10.1177/1558925004os-1300306 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol os-13 (3) ◽

pp. 1558925004os-13

Author(s):

Peter P. Tsai ◽

WeiWei Chen ◽

J. Reece Roth

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Fiber Diameter ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Microscopic Structure ◽

Electrospun Nanofiber ◽

Sem Images ◽

Nylon Fabric ◽

Scanning Electron

We measured and compared the properties of meltblown and electrospun fabrics made of nylon and polyurethane (PU). Properties of interest included surface energy/wettability, strength, fiber diameter, and microscopic structure as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We also report new data on the diameters of electrospun fibers measured from digitized SEM images of electrospun nylon, polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polycarbonate (PC) fabrics. The electrospinning process produced fibers with diameters in the range from 10 nm to several microns. It was found that the strength per unit areal weight of electrospun nanofiber nylon fabric was up to ten times that of the meltblown material, and for polyurethane (PU) fabric, from 2.5–3 times that of the melt-blown material.

Download Full-text

Optimizing Process Variables to Control Fiber Diameter of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Using Factorial Design

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2011.520 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1316 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saida P. Khan ◽

Kadambari Bhasin ◽

Golam M. Newaz

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Fiber Diameter ◽

Polymer Concentration ◽

Engineering Application ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Solution Flow Rate ◽

Tissue Engineering Application ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Solution Flow

ABSTRACTIn the electrospinning process, fibers ranging from 50 nm to 1000 nm or greater can be produced by applying an electric potential to a polymeric solution [1, 2]. Our group has studied the fabrication of electro-spun Poly-caprolactone (PCL) nanofiber consisting of a range of fiber diameter (nm-um) and pore sizes. PCL is a biocompatible, FDA approved and biodegradable [3, 4] polymer. As a solvent we have used 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) for its biocompatibility, conductivity and high dielectric constant. The electrospinning technique consists of a simple setup with a number of variables working in a complex and unpredictable way. The variables affecting fiber diameter are polymer concentration in the solution, flow rate, applied voltage, tip to collector distance, diameter of the needle/capillary, polymer/solvent dielectric constant etc. In our study we have found that concentration of the solution and molecular weight of the polymer are the most important parameters for forming the nanofibers and viscosity is important for the fiber diameter. To optimize so many variables to control the fiber diameter, we have used the factorial design method. The study is important for the fabrication of biomimetic scaffold for vascular implant and tissue engineering application.

Download Full-text

Parametric Investigations on the Effect of Electrospinning Process Variables on the Macroscopic Properties of Hybrid Composites

Volume 14: Processing and Engineering Applications of Novel Materials ◽

10.1115/imece2009-12188 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Sachin Shendokar ◽

Ajit Kelkar ◽

Ram Mohan ◽

Ron Bolick

Keyword(s):

Process Parameters ◽

Fiber Diameter ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Process Variations ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Collector Plate ◽

Structural Applications ◽

Macroscopic Properties

Electrospinning is regarded as an efficient process to form sub-micron and nano level fibers consistently in a simple laboratory scale setup. The process has excellent potential for scalability and for the structural applications of integrated electrospun fibers in polymer hybrid composites. In our on going work, the mechanical characterization of these hybrid composites with integrated electrospun fibers revealed significant variations based on the sintering temperature and the morphology of the formed electrospun fibers. The morphology (in particular, the fiber diameter) depends on the process parameters of the electrospinning process. This paper investigates the influence of two electrospinning parameters namely: Distance between spinneret and collector plate and voltage. Four voltage levels were selected varying from 15KV to 18 KV in the increments of 1KV. The spinneret to the collector plate distance was varied from 70 mm to 100 mm in 10 mm increments. Thus, a total 16 combinations of these parameters were studied keeping other parameters constant. The objective is to find the optimal voltage and distance combinations that produce smallest electrospun nano fiber diameters consistently. From each voltage-distance combination, the diameter of the deposited fibers was sampled at 50 different points using the morphological image data obtained with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The analysis of experimental data indicated four favorable voltage-distance combinations that give smallest diameter size of electrospun nano fibers consistently. These four set of parameters were, 15KV and 70 mm; 15KV and 100 mm; 18 KV and 70 mm; and 18KV and 100 mm. The least diameter of fiber was observed and measured for a voltage distance combination of 18KV and 70 mm. The least diameter observed for these parameters can be attributed to the higher applied voltage resulting into higher bending instability causing the reduction in diameter of fibers. Another reason for reduction in fiber diameter is, when the distance between spinneret and collector is increased there is more space for elongation of fibers. With more increase in length of fiber, there is higher reduction in diameter of electrospun fibers. To correlate these process variations of electrospinning to the morphological properties of electrospun fibers, design of experiments study was carried out. It has been attempted here to investigate if there is any correlationship between the morphological property of electrospun fibers and properties of two phase composite. These investigations will provide an insight on the relationship between the process parameters — morphology — and the associated characterized macroscopic properties of the formed composites. Results from the stochastic modeling for variations in the fiber diameter due to the variations in the voltage and the distance correlate well to the ARMA (6,5) stochastic model. Greens functions for the model were derived and showed the stability of the electrospinning process.

Download Full-text