Mechanical Performance and Dimensional Stability of Bamboo Fiber-Based Composite

The bamboo fiber-based composite (BFBC) has high-performce in terms of mechanical properties and dimensional stability. In this study, BFBCs were prepared with different hot-pressing temperatures (150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, 190 °C, and 200 °C) and designed with different densities (1.05 g/cm3, 1.10 g/cm3, 1.15 g/cm3 and 1.20 g/cm3), and their selected properties were evaluated. Temperature affected BFBC performance, which, with a general increase in temperature, showed a decrement in mechanical properties and an improvement in dimensional stability. Holocellulose content significantly decreased, and the color of BFBC became darker with the increasing of the press temperature. As the density of BFBC increased, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) significantly increased from 23.09 GPa to 27.01 GPa with the increase in temperature. The thickness swelling ratio (TSR), width swelling ratio (WSR) and water absorption ratio (WAR) declined by more than 30% with the increase in density. Overall, the results of this study provide a theoretical basis and a source of technical support to promote the design, application, and popularization of BFBC in different fields.

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Physico-mechanical properties of plywood bonded with ecological adhesives from Acacia mollissima tannins and lignosulfonates

The European Physical Journal Applied Physics ◽

10.1051/epjap/2017170067 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 34813 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Naima Rhazi ◽

Mina Oumam ◽

Abdessadek Sesbou ◽

Hassan Hannache ◽

Fatima Charrier-El Bouhtoury

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Waste Product ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Press Temperature ◽

Pulp Industry ◽

Pressing Time ◽

Chemical Conditions

The objective of this research was to develop ecological adhesives for bonding plywood panels using lignosulfonates, a common waste product of the wood pulp industry, and natural tannin extracted from Moroccan bark of Acacia mollissima using different process. Natural tannin and lignin were used in wood adhesives formulation to substitute resins based on phenol and formaldehyde. To achieve this, the lignosulfonates were glyoxalated to enhance their reactivity and the used tannins obtained by three different extraction methods were compared with commercial mimosa tannin. The proportion of Acacia mollissima tannins and lignosulfonates, the pressing time, the pressing temperature, and the pressure used were studied to improve mechanical properties, and bonding quality of plywood panel. The properties of plywood panels produced with these adhesives were tested in accordance with normative tests. Thus, the tensile strength, and the shear strength were measured. The results showed that the performance of the plywood panels made using biobased tannin adhesives was influenced by physical conditions such as pressure, press temperature as well as by chemical conditions, such as the tannin-lignin ratio. It exhibited excellent mechanical properties comparable to commercially available phenol-formaldehyde plywood adhesives. This study showed that biobased adhesives formulations presented good and higher mechanical performance and no formaldehyde emission.

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Structure, Mechanical Performance, and Dimensional Stability of Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) Scrimbers

Advances in Polymer Technology ◽

10.1155/2019/5209624 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jinguang Wei ◽

Fei Rao ◽

Yuxiang Huang ◽

Yahui Zhang ◽

Yue Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Pinus Radiata ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

High Performance ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Radiata Pine ◽

Specific Strength ◽

Shearing Strength

Natural wood has certain advantages such as good processability and high specific strength and thus has been used for millennium as a structural material. But the mechanical performance and water resistance, particularly for fast-growing species, are unsatisfactory for high-end applications. In this study, the “new-type” scrimber technology was introduced to radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) scrimbers. The structure, mechanical properties, and dimensional stability of the scrimber panels were investigated. Results showed that OWFMs as basic units of scrimber had been very even in size and superior permeability. The scrimbers exhibited a three-dimensional porous structure, and the porosity had a decrease with increasing density. Both OWFMs and densification contributed to the high performance in terms of mechanical properties and water resistance. The flexural, compressive, and short-beam shearing strength were significantly enhanced with increasing density. As the density was 0.80 g cm−3, the flexural strength (MOR) was approximately 120 MPa, much larger than many selected wood-based panels. Moreover, the water resistance and dimensional stability also were closely related to the density. At the density of 1.39 g cm−3, the water absorption rate and thinness swelling rate of the panels in boiled water were only 19% and 5.7%, respectively.

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Effects of Resin Content on the Characteristics of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Strands of Betung, Ampel, and Their Mixtures

Jurnal Sylva Lestari ◽

10.23960/jsl.v9i3.520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 454-465

Author(s):

Tengku Muhammad Renzy Hariz ◽

Indra Agus Santosa ◽

Muhammad Iqbal Maulana ◽

Marwanto ◽

Denni Prasetia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

Oriented Strand Board ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Resin Content ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Higher Dimensional ◽

Bambusa Vulgaris ◽

Dendrocalamus Asper

The objectives of this research were to evaluate bamboo-oriented strand board (BOSB) characteristics made from betung (Dendrocalamus asper), ampel (Bambusa vulgaris), and their mixtures at two different contents (3% and 5%) of methylene diphenyl di-isocyanate (MDI) adhesives. The strands were steam-treated at 126°C for 1 h under the pressure of 0.14 MPa. Three-layered BOSBs with a target density of 0.7 g/cm3 were made with the size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 0.9 cm and a shelling ratio of 1:2:1 (face:core:back layers). The physical and mechanical properties of BOSB were evaluated following JIS A 5908 (2003) standard, and the results were compared with the CSA 0437.0 Grade O-1 standard. The results show that BOSB from the mixtures of betung and ampel bamboo strands has higher dimensional stability as shown by the decrease in water absorption and thickness swelling and higher mechanical properties than single BOSB. All BOSBs with 5% resin content have higher dimensional stability, MOE, and MOR than BOSB with 3% resin content. The physical and mechanical properties of all BOSB manufactured met the CSA 0437.0 Grade O-1 standard. This study proved that BOSBs from the mixture of betung and ampel strands have the potential to be developed due to having better physical and mechanical qualities than a single BOSB. Keywords: ampel (Bambusa vulgaris), bamboo oriented strand board, betung (Dendrocalamus asper), resin content, strand mixtures

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Mechanical Performance and Moisture Absorption of Unidirectional Bamboo Fiber Polyester Composite

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.911.88 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 911 ◽

pp. 88-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Omid Nabinejad ◽

Sujan Debnath ◽

Jack Kai Beh ◽

Mohammad Yeakub Ali

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Moisture Absorption ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Synthetic Fiber ◽

Moisture Uptake ◽

Polyester Composite ◽

Bamboo Fibers

Bamboo fibers as a natural fiber offer numerous advantages such as high specific strength over synthetic fiber when used as reinforcing fiber for polymer composites. Yet the hydrophilic nature of bamboo fibers with high moisture absorption results in incompatibility in between bamboo fibers and unsaturated polyester resin. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of alkali treatment of bamboo fiber on the mechanical properties and water sorption properties of polyester composite. The result revealed that, the bamboo fiber polyester composite with 5% Alkali treated bamboo fiber possesses the highest mechanical properties. Besides, Alkali treated fibers composite showed a significant reduction in moisture uptake compared to untreated fibers, where composite with 7% Alkali treated showed the lowest moisture uptake.

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Dimensional stability and mechanical properties of bio-based composites produced from hydro-thermal treated wheat straw

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.4.7901-7915 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 7901-7915

Author(s):

Ümit Büyüksarı ◽

Ömer Özyürek

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Treatment ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

Internal Bond ◽

Steam Explosion ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Wood Particles ◽

Particle Ratio

Bio-composites were produced from untreated (UT) and hydro-thermally treated (HTT) wheat straw (WS) particles and wood, and their dimensional stability and mechanical properties were investigated. The HTT treatment consisted of subjecting the WS particles to a steam explosion process for 8 min at 180 °C. The HTT and UT WS particles were mixed with the wood particles at 10, 20, 30, and 40% ratios. The physical properties, including density, water absorption (WA), and thickness swelling (TS), were determined for the bio-based composites. The mechanical properties evaluated included the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strength. Statistical analyses showed that the hydro-thermal treatment and the WS ratio had signiﬁcant effects on the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the bio-composites. The WA of the composites after 2-h and 24-h rose significantly when the HTT WS particle ratio was increased from 10 to 40%. The 2-h and 24-h WA values of HTT-10 were 6.3% and 5.3% lower than those of UT-10, respectively. Improvements in the 2-h TS value were achieved by the HTT WS particles at the 10% ratio, and in the 24-h TS value at the 10 and 40% ratios. The mechanical properties of the composites were higher in the HTT group, but decreased in both the UT and HTT groups as the WS ratio increased.

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Physical-Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fiber Composites Using Filament Winding

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13172913 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 2913

Author(s):

Wenfu Zhang ◽

Cuicui Wang ◽

Shaohua Gu ◽

Haixia Yu ◽

Haitao Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Glass Fiber ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Fiber Composite ◽

Fiber Composites ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Filament Winding ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Joint Surface ◽

Glass Fiber Composite

In order to study the performance of the bamboo fiber composites prepared by filament winding, composites reinforced with jute fiber and glass fiber were used as control samples. The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by scanning electric microscope (SEM), tensile testing, bending testing, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results demonstrated that the bamboo fiber composites exhibited lower density (0.974 g/cm3) and mechanical properties in comparison of to fiber composite and glass fiber composite, because the inner tissue structure of bamboo fiber was preserved without resin adsorbed into the cell cavity of fibrous parenchyma. The bamboo fibers in composites were pulled out, while the fibers in the surface of composites were torn, resulting in the lowest mechanical performance of bamboo fiber composites. The glass transition temperature of twisting bamboo fiber Naval Ordnance Laboratory (TBF-NOL) composite (165.89 °C) was the highest in general, which indicated that the TBF circumferential composite had the best plasticizing properties and better elasticity, the reason being that the fiber-reinforced epoxy circumferential composite interface joint is a physical connection, which restricts the movement of the molecular chain of the epoxy matrix, making the composite have a higher storage modulus (6000 MPa). In addition, The TBF-NOL had the least frequency dependence, and the circumferential composite prepared by TBF had the least performance variability. Therefore, the surface and internal structures of the bamboo fiber should be further processed and improved by decreasing the twisting bamboo fiber (TBF) diameter and increasing the specific surface area of the TBF and joint surface between fibers and resin, to improve the comprehensive properties of bamboo fiber composites.

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The Optimum Design of Production Technology of the Poplar LVL

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.141 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 620-622 ◽

pp. 141-144

Author(s):

Li Zhang ◽

Ying Cheng Hu ◽

Peng Chen ◽

Jian Peng Hu ◽

Fei Pin Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Optimum Design ◽

Production Technology ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Design Method ◽

Uniform Design ◽

Laminated Veneer Lumber ◽

Press Temperature ◽

The Press

In this paper, the production technology of laminated veneer lumber was optimized by using the uniform design method. The effects of production technology, such as the press duration, the press temperature, the press pressure and the adhesive spread, were found statistically significant on some mechanical properties of LVL. So in this paper, the thickness of LVL board was a fixed value, but the press duration, the press temperature and the adhesive spread were variable. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) and static bending strength (MOR) as predicted by the ANN approach and the regression functions were compared with the experimental values. It was shown that the proposed neural network model was able to predict valuable mechanical properties, such as the modulus of elasticity and static bending strength, that would facilitate the development of optimum design of properties for manufacturing high quality materials.

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Fiberglass Plaster Mesh as Reinforcement for Cement Bonded Particleboard

Drvna industrija ◽

10.5552/drvind.2021.2027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 187-192

Author(s):

Hasan Hüseyin Taş

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

Polyester Resin ◽

Tap Water ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Wood Particles ◽

Different Types

The effects of fiberglass plaster mesh (FPM) as reinforcement on some physical and mechanical properties of cement bonded particleboard (CBP) were examined. Experimental CBP with and without FPM were manufactured in laboratory conditions using wood particles, cement, tap water and chemical accelerators. Two plies of FPM, manufactured using fiberglass and polyester resin, were laid within the experimental CBP. The target density of CBP was 1300 kg/m3 in the study. Three different types of chemical accelerators (CaCl2, KCl, DARASET ® 580) were used in the experiments. Properties of CBP evaluated include 2- and 24-hour - thickness swelling (TS), 2- and 24-hour - water absorption (WA) and bending stiffness (MOE) and strength (MOR). The results indicate that all the board properties tested were significantly improved by FPM application. The average MOE values of the CBP boards with FPM was two times higher than those of the boards without FPM. Dimensional stability and MOR of the CBP boards were also significantly improved with the use of FPM. FPM can be used to improve inferior properties of the CBP, so as to make it more compatible with other wood based construction materials.

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Effects of particle sizes, wood to cement ratio and chemical additives on the properties of sesendok (Endospermum Diadenum) cement-bonded particleboard

Scientific Research Journal ◽

10.24191/srj.v7i2.5025 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Jamaludin Kasim ◽

Shaikh Abdul Karim Yamani ◽

Ahmad Firdaus Mat Hedzir ◽

Ahmad Syafiq Badrul Hisham ◽

Mohd Arif Fikri Mohamad Adnan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Experimental Investigation ◽

Cement Content ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Board Density ◽

Cement Ratio ◽

Aluminium Silicate ◽

Cement Board

An experimental investigation was performed to evaluate the properties of cement-bonded particleboard made from Sesendok wood. The target board density was set at a standard 1200 kg m". The effect offarticle size, wood to cement ratio and the addition ofsodium silicate and aluminium silicate on the wood cement board properties has been evaluated. A change ofparticle size from 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm has a significant effect on the mechanical properties, however the physical properties deteriorate. Increasing the wood to cement ratio from 1:2.25 to 1:3 decreases the modulus ofrupture (MOR) by 11% and the addition ofsodium silicate improves valuesfurther by about 28% compared to the addition ofaluminum silicate. The modulus ofelasticity (MOE) in general increases with increasing cement content, but is not significantly affected by the addition ofsodium silicate or aluminium silicate, although the addition of their mixture (sodium silicate andaluminium silicate) consistentlyyields greater MOE values. Water absorption and thickness swelling is significantly affected by the inclusion ofadditives and better values are attained using higher wood to cement ratios.

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Weldability - Behavior of Welded Reinforcement

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.10.3469 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

pp. 3469-3472

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Mechanical Characteristics ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Current Work ◽

Carbon Equivalent ◽

Work Process ◽

Ultimate Limit

Weldability involves two aspects: welding behavior of components and safety in operation. The two aspects will be reduced to the mechanical characteristics of the elements and to the chemical composition. In the case of steel reinforcing rebar’s, it is reduces to the percentage of Cech(carbon equivalent) and to the mechanical characteristics: the yielding limit, the ultimate limit, and the elongations which after that represent the ductility class in which the re-bars is framed. The paper will present some types of steel reinforcing rebar’s with its mechanical characteristics and the welding behavior of those elements. In the current work, process-related behavior of welded reinforcement, joint local and global mechanical properties, and their correlation with behavior of normal reinforcement and also the mechanical performance resulted in this type of joints. Keywords: welding behavior, ultimate limit, reinforcing rebar’s

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