scholarly journals Exploring Adsorption Process of Lead (II) and Chromium (VI) Ions from Aqueous Solutions on Acid Activated Carbon Prepared from Juniperus procera Leaves

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismat H. Ali ◽  
Mohammed K. Al Mesfer ◽  
Mohammad I. Khan ◽  
Mohd Danish ◽  
Majed M. Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Juniperus Procera

The adsorption potential of acid activated carbon prepared from leaves of Juniperus procera to remove Pb(II) and Cr(VI) toxic ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effects of solution pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, initial ion concentration and temperature on the biosorption process were studied, and the optimum conditions were determined. Moreover, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models were applied to analyze adsorption data. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption processes were calculated. Adsorption was found to be a spontaneous and endothermic process. In addition, kinetic studies revealed a pseudo-first order kinetics biosorption process. The obtained results suggest that acid activated Juniperus procera leaves powder can be used as a cheap, efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbent material with high removal efficiency up to 98% for Pb(II) and 96% for Cr(VI) at 0.80 and 1.00 g/100 mL, respectively. The duration of the process was 100 min and 120 min for Pb(II) and Cr(VI) ions, respectively. The morphology of the of prepared activated carbon was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM).

scholarly journals Utilization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Industrial Solid Waste for the Removal of Chromium(VI) Ions from Synthetic Solution and Industrial Effluent

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Vennilamani ◽  
K. Kadirvelu ◽  
Y. Sameena ◽  
S. Pattabhi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Carbon Adsorbent ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Sago Waste

Activated carbon (AC) prepared from sago waste was characterized and used to remove chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solution and industrial effluent by adsorption methods using various conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage particle size and pH. Surface modification of the carbon adsorbent with a strong oxidizing agent like concentrated H2SO4 generates more active adsorption sites on the solid surface and pores for metal ion adsorption. Adsorption of the metal ion required a very short time and led to quantitative removal. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could describe the adsorption data. The calculated values of Q0 and b were 5.78 mg/g and 1.75 1/min, respectively. An effective adsorption capacity was noted for particle sizes in the range 125–250 μm at room temperature (30 ± 2°C) and an initial pH of 2.0 ± 0.2. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These studies revealed that AC prepared from sago waste is suitable for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from both synthetic and industrial effluents.

scholarly journals Studies on the Removal of Rhodamine B and Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbon

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Edwin Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Hoff Equation

Activated carbon prepared from tamarind fruit shells by direct carbonization was used for the removal of rhodamine B and malachite green dyes from aqueous solutions. Adsorption studies were performed by varying such parameters as dye concentration, pH of the dye solution, time and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption data obtained were used to calculate the Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherm parameters. Increase in pH of the solution pH resulted in increased adsorption of both the dyes. Kinetic studies indicate that the pseudo-second order model can be used for describing the dynamics of the sorption processes. Film diffusion of the dyes was the rate determining step at low dye concentrations while diffusion of dyes through the pores the carbon particles determined the overall uptake at high concentrations. Thermodynamic parameters of the endothermic sorptions were evaluated using van’t Hoff equation. Desorption studies with acids were also performed in order to regenerate the used carbons.

scholarly journals Using Pomegranate Peel and Date Pit Activated Carbon for the Removal of Cadmium and Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Wedad A. Al-Onazi ◽  
Mohamed H.H. Ali ◽  
Tahani Al-Garni
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Pomegranate Peel

Some agricultural byproducts are useful for solving wastewater pollution problems. These byproducts are of low cost and are effective and ecofriendly. The study aim was to investigate the possibility of using pomegranate peel (PP) and date pit (DP) activated carbon (PPAC and DPAC, respectively) as sorbents to remove Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Agricultural wastes of DPs and PPs were subjected to carbonization and chemical activation with H3PO4 (60%) and ZnCl2 and used as adsorbents to remove Cd(II) and Pb(II) from their aqueous solutions. The physical characterizations of PPAC and DPAC, including determination of surface area, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, were performed. The following factors affected adsorption: solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, and contact time. These factors were studied to identify the optimal adsorption conditions. The results showed that the maximum adsorptions of Cd(II) and Pb(II) were achieved at pH ranging from 6 to 6.5, 90 min contact time, and 0.5 g/L for PPAC and 1 g/L for DPAC dosage. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiencies for both Pb(II) and Cd(II) were higher for PPAC than for DPAC. However, the recorded Qmax values for PPAC were 68.6 and 53.8 mg/g for Pb(II) and Cd(II) and for DPAC were 34.18 and 32.90 mg/g for Pb(II) and Cd(II), respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model fit the adsorption data better than the Freundlich model. Kinetically, the adsorption reaction followed a pseudo-second-order reaction model, with qe ranging from 12.0 to 22.37 mg/g and an R2 value of 0.99.

Equilibrium sorption of divalent metal ions onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell: kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Process

The equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell were investigated under various physicochemical parameters. Optimisation studies were carried out using batch biosorption studies. The extent of the metal ion biosorption increased with increase in solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, dosage of biosorbent and contact time but decreased with the temperature of the system. The biosorption of each of the metal ions was found to be pH-dependent. Kinetic study showed that the metal ions biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The sorption of each metal ion was analysed with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, in each case, the equilibrium data were better represented by Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamically, parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG˚), standard enthalpy (ΔH˚), standard entropy (ΔS˚) and the activation energy (A) were calculated. The biosorption of each metal ion was spontaneous and the order of spontaneity of the biosorption process being Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). Similarly, change in entropy was observed for each and the order of disorder is Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II).

Removal of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solutions by biosorption onto pine cone

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Görkem Değirmen ◽  
Murat Kılıç ◽  
Özge Çepelioğullar ◽  
Ayşe E. Pütün
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Diffusion Kinetic ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Biosorption Mechanism ◽  
Pine Cone ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, the removal of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solutions by biosorption onto pine cone was studied. Variables that affect the biosorption process such as pH, biosorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and temperature of solution were optimized. Experimental data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin Radushkevich and Temkin isotherm models to investigate the equilibrium isotherms. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were used to determine the biosorption mechanism. The thermodynamics of biosorption were studied for predicting the nature of biosorption. Experimental results showed that pine cone could be evaluated as an alternative precursor for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions, due to its high biosorption capacity, availability, and low cost.

Moringa oleifera seeds for single and simultaneous removal of Pb2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abatal ◽  
Yaneth Stephanie Durán Avendaño ◽  
M. Teresa Olguin ◽  
Joel Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

<p>In this study, we report the effectiveness of natural and NaOH treated Moringa oleifera seeds for single and simultaneous Pb<sup>2+ </sup>and Cd<sup>2+</sup> from aqueous solutions. The biosorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The pH of point zero charge (pH<sub>pzc</sub>) was determined. Effects of contact time (15-1440 min), pH of solutions (2-10), mass of biosorbent (0.1-0.5 g) and initial metal ion concentration (10-1000 mg/L) were investigated using batch tests. The results show the pretreatment of biosorbent by NaOH improve significantly uptake capacity (mg/g) of the metal ions (q (Pb<sup>2+</sup>) = 38.45 and q (Cd<sup>2+</sup>) = 17.32 ˃ q (Pb<sup>2+</sup>) = 31.45 and q (Cd<sup>2+</sup>)= 14.67). Kinetic studies shown that the more than 90 % uptake of ion metals occurring within 120-180 min and the experimental data were better describe by a pseudo-second-order model. The sorption data for non-treated and NaOH treated Moringa oleifera seeds were evaluated by the Freundlich isotherm models to describe the adsorption equilibrium.</p>

scholarly journals Eugenia Jambolana Lam. Seed as an Adsorbent: Evaluation of Adsorptive Characteristics for Cr (VI) from Aqueous Solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1260-1265
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Eugenia Jambolana

Biosorption is one of the most useful techniques for environmental remediation especially for heavy metal pollution. Kinetics of the biosorption is of great significance to evaluate the performance of a given adsorbent and gain insight into the underlying mechanisms. Presently, the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutions using Eugenia jambolana Lam. (commonly known as Jamun) seed investigated. Adsorption study were performed in batch adsorption techniques to evaluate various parameters like pH of the solution, time of contact between adsorbent and adsorbate, dose of adsorbent, chromium ion concentration and solution temperature. The adsorption of Cr(VI) increased with dose of adsorbent and reached maximum at 1.0g/ 100mL at pH 6. Kinetic models like pseudo first and second-order were used to correlate the adsorption data. For both kinetic models, kinetic constants were computed and the second-order rate expression fitted well with high correlation coefficient. Two isotherm models, namely; Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm were used to know adsorption mechanism and Langmuir correlated the data well inferring a monolayer adsorption at the binding sites on the surface of the adsorbent. It may be concluded that Eugenia jambolana Lam. seed can be used as an efficient adsorbent for removing Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Oxytetracycline Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions on Commercial and High-Temperature Modified Activated Carbons

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3481
Author(s):  
Joanna Lach ◽  
Agnieszka Ociepa-Kubicka ◽  
Maciej Mrowiec
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Carbon Modification ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Proposed Modification ◽  
Modified Activated Carbons

The aim of the work was to evaluate the possibility of using commercial and modified activated carbons for the removal of oxytetracycline from aqueous solutions. The kinetics and statics of adsorption as well as the effect of the activated carbon dose and solution pH on the efficiency of the oxytetracycline adsorption were analyzed. Based on the study of oxytetracycline adsorption isotherms, the activated carbons were ranked in the following order: F-300 > WG-12 > Picabiol > ROW08 > WACC 8 × 30 > F-100 > WAZ 0.6–2.4. The most effective activated carbons were characterized by large specific surfaces. The best matching results were obtained for: Redlich–Peterson, Thot and Jovanovic models, and lower for the most frequently used Freundlich and Langmuir models. The adsorption proceeded better from solutions with pH = 6 than with pH = 3 and 10. Two ways of modifying activated carbon were also assessed. A proprietary method of activated carbon modification was proposed. It uses the heating of activated carbon as a result of current flow through its bed. Both carbons modified at 400 °C in the rotary kiln and on the proprietary SEOW (Joule-heat) modification stand enabled to obtain adsorbents with higher and comparable monolayer capacities. The advantage of the proposed modification method is low electricity consumption.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Cadmium by Fucus spiralis

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Esteban Sastre de Vicente ◽  
Roberto Herrero ◽  
Pablo Lodeiro ◽  
Bruno Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Fucus Spiralis ◽  
Biosorption Kinetics

Environmental Context. Conventional processes for the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters generally involves chemical precipitation of metals (changing the pH) followed by a period to allow the metal precipitates to settle and be separated. These processes are inefficient when the metals are at a low concentration and still demand handling and disposal of toxic metal sludges. An alternative method for heavy metal removal is adsorption onto a biological material, biosorption. The biological materials, including agricultural byproducts, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae, all which take up heavy metals in substantial quantities, are relatively inexpensive, widely available, and from renewable sources. However, biological materials are complex and the active mechanisms often unclear. Abstract. Cadmium biosorption properties of nonliving, dried brown marine macroalga Fucus spiralis from Galician coast (northwest Spain) have been investigated. The biosorption capacity of the alga strongly depends on solution pH; the uptake is almost negligible at pH ≤ 2 and reaches a plateau at around pH 4.0. Cadmium biosorption kinetics by F. spiralis is relatively fast, with 90% of total adsorption taking place in less than one hour. A pseudo second order mechanism has been proved to be able to predict the kinetic behaviour of the biosorption process. The effect of initial cadmium ion concentration, alga dose, solution pH, and temperature on the biosorption kinetics has been studied. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir–Freundlich, and Tóth isotherms were used to fit the experimental data and to find out the adsorption parameters. Acid–base properties of the alga have been studied potentiometrically in order to calculate the number of acidic groups and the apparent pK value by using Katchalsky model. The pK obtained is comparable with typical values associated to the ionization of carboxyl groups of alginates, supporting the implication of these groups in the biosorption process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document