Equilibrium sorption of divalent metal ions onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell: kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Process

The equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell were investigated under various physicochemical parameters. Optimisation studies were carried out using batch biosorption studies. The extent of the metal ion biosorption increased with increase in solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, dosage of biosorbent and contact time but decreased with the temperature of the system. The biosorption of each of the metal ions was found to be pH-dependent. Kinetic study showed that the metal ions biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The sorption of each metal ion was analysed with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, in each case, the equilibrium data were better represented by Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamically, parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG˚), standard enthalpy (ΔH˚), standard entropy (ΔS˚) and the activation energy (A) were calculated. The biosorption of each metal ion was spontaneous and the order of spontaneity of the biosorption process being Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). Similarly, change in entropy was observed for each and the order of disorder is Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II).

Comparative studies on adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions by biosorbent, bio-char and activated carbon obtained from low cost agro-residue

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Çisem Kırbıyık ◽  
Ayşe Eren Pütün ◽  
Ersan Pütün
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, Fe(III) and Cr(III) metal ion adsorption processes were carried out with three adsorbents in batch experiments and their adsorption performance was compared. These adsorbents were sesame stalk without pretreatment, bio-char derived from thermal decomposition of biomass, and activated carbon which was obtained from chemical activation of biomass. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform–infrared techniques were used for characterization of adsorbents. The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were obtained by observing the influences of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial solution concentration, contact time and temperature. The optimum adsorption efficiencies were determined at pH 2.8 and pH 4.0 for Fe(III) and Cr(III) metal ion solutions, respectively. The experimental data were modelled by different isotherm models and the equilibriums were well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic, intra-particle diffusion and Elovich models were applied to analyze the kinetic data and to evaluate rate constants. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model gave a better fit than the others. The thermodynamic parameters, such as Gibbs free energy change ΔG°, standard enthalpy change ΔH° and standard entropy change ΔS° were evaluated. The thermodynamic study showed the adsorption was a spontaneous endothermic process.

Comparative study on batch equilibrium biosorption of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) using plantain (Musa paradisiaca) flower: kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Biosorption Process

The potential of plantain (Musa paradisiaca) flower to remove Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions has been investigated under different process parameters like pH, contact time, biomass dose and initial metal ion concentration. The optimum pH for the biosorption of each of the metal ions is pH 6. The kinetic data obtained were subjected to four kinetic models, among which the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to be the best model that describes the biosorption of each of the metal ions. The equilibrium sorption data were fitted into Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R isotherms. In each case, the Freundlich isotherm model gave the best fit giving the sorption intensity (n) values of 1.17, 0.91 and 0.90 which indicate favourable sorption of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. The heat of the sorption process was estimated from Temkin Isotherm model and the mean free energy was estimated from D-R isotherm model to be 312.81Jmol-1, 223.61Jmol-1 and 316.55Jmol-1 for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Thermodynamically, the biosorption of each of the metal ions is endothermic and the order of spontaneity of the biosorption process being Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). Similarly, positive change in entropy was observed for each, the order of disorderliness is Cd(II) > Zn(II) = Pb(II).

scholarly journals Comparative study on the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) using Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus): Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Lemon Grass

A comparative study for the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) using Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) was investigated under various physicochemical parameters. Optimisation studies were carried out using batch biosorption studies. The biosorption of each of the metal ions was found to be pH-dependent. Kinetic study showed that each biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The sorption of each metal ion was analysed with Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models, in each case, the equilibrium data were best represented by Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG˚), standard enthalpy (ΔH˚), standard entropy (ΔS˚) and the activation energy (A) were calculated. The biosorption of each metal ion was spontaneous and the order of spontaneity of the biosorption process being Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Pb(II). Similarly, the change in entropy shows that the order of disorder is Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). In each case, the value of activation energy obtained shows that each process is a diffusion-controlled adsorption process.

scholarly journals Nano sized carbonized waste biomass for heavy metal ion remediation

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Mahajan ◽  
Dhiraj Sud
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Waste Biomass

Abstract Utilization of agricultural waste material with approach to enhance the heavy metal remediation properties by carbonizing the biomass at nano size particles has been explored in present investigation from aqueous solutions. In this study the lignocellulosic, nitrogenous agricultural waste biomass Delbergia sissoo pods (DSP) has been tried for sequestering of Cd (II), Pb (II) and Ni (II) metal ions from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were performed for removal of targeted metal ions keeping in consideration the preliminary affecting parameters such as effect of adsorption dose, pH, initial metal ion concentration, stirring speed and contact time. The sorption studies were analyzed by using, Freundlic isotherm and Langmuir isotherm models. The kinetics of the process was evaluated by pseudo pseudo-first order and pseudo second order kinetic models. Studies reveal that the equilibrium was achieved with in 30 min of the contact time at optimized parameters. Analytical studies of biosorbent were done by means of FT-IR, SEM and XRD. Desorption experiments were carried out using HCl solution with a view to regenerate the spent adsorbent and to recover the adsorbed metal ions.

Adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides adsorbent

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1644-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona El-Sayed ◽  
Gh. Eshaq ◽  
A. E. ElMetwally
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In our study, Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides were prepared by the co-precipitation method. The structure, composition, morphology and thermal stability of the synthesized Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, N2 physisorption, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. Batch experiments were performed to study the adsorption behavior of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) as a function of pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dose. The maximum adsorption capacity of Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides for cobalt and nickel metal ions was 116.7 mg g−1, and 70.4 mg g−1, respectively. The experimental data were analyzed using pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic models in linear and nonlinear regression analysis. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Experimental equilibrium data were well represented by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Also, the maximum monolayer capacity, qmax, obtained was 113.8 mg g−1, and 79.4 mg g−1 for Co(II), and Ni(II), respectively. Our results showed that Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides can be used as an efficient adsorbent material for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater samples.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Mn (II) by Spirogyra verrucosa collected from Manganese Mine Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Shailesh Rambhau Bansod ◽  
P B Nandkar
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Green Algal

Mining industries frequently generates acid mine drainage (AMD) either by its operating or abandoned mines which are often characterized by an elevated levels of certain heavy metals, sulphate, low pH and some other toxic impurities in mine water creates environmental and ecological problems. Present study planned to suggest role of alga Spirogyra verrucosa in Manganese (Mn) removal by biosorption process from the mine water of Manganese mines of Nagpur District, Vidarbha Region, Maharashtra. The biosorption of Mn(II) ions from aqueous solution by using dead green algal (S.verrucosa) biomass was investigated by studying effect of pH, temperature, quantity of biosorbent, contact time as well as initial metal ion concentration. The optimized values obtained with respect to these parameters clearly indicates that pH 5, temperature 30°C, biosorbent quantity 1.0 gm/l, contact time 120 min. and initial metal ion concentration 50mg/l were the basic requirement for the biosorption of Mn(II) ions by dead algal biomass. Also, the biosorption kinetic and isotherm modeling applied to the equilibrium data for biosorption of Mn(II) ions onto alga reveals the fitness of the pseudo-second-order rate expression (R2=0.994) as well as the suitability of Langmuir (R2=0.859) and Freundlich (R2=0.761) isotherm models with an indication of the applicability of this metal ion-dried algal system for removal of Mn(II) ions in a monolayer biosorption as well as heterogenous surface conditions. However, comparatively biosorption equilibrium was better described by Langmuir isotherm model with monolayer biosorption capacity of S.verrucosa biomass 21.80 mg/g. Also, the maximum removal 40.66 mg/g (80.20%) of Mn(II) ion by alga under optimized conditions promises the potential use in mine water treatment technology.

scholarly journals Optimisation and Modelling of Pb (II) and Cu (II) Biosorption onto Red Algae (Gracilaria changii) by Using Response Surface Methodology

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubeen Isam ◽  
Lavania Baloo ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty ◽  
Saba Yavari
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Gracilaria Changii ◽  
Red Macroalgae ◽  
Removal Of Metal ◽  
Removal Of Metal Ions

The removal of Pb (II) and Cu (II) ions by using marine red macroalgae (Gracilaria changii) as a biosorbent material was evaluated through the batch equilibrium technique. The effect of solution pH on the removal of metal ions was investigated within the range of 2–7. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique involving central composite design (CCD) was utilised to optimise the three main sorption parameters, namely initial metal ion concentration, contact time, and biosorbent dosage, to achieve maximum ion removal. The models’ adequacy of response was verified by ANOVA. The optimum conditions for removal of Pb (II) and Cu (II) were as follows: pH values of 4.5 and 5, initial concentrations of 40 mg/L, contact times of 115 and 45 min, and biosorbent dosage of 1 g/L, at which the maximum removal percentages were 96.3% and 44.77%, respectively. The results of the adsorption isotherm study showed that the data fitted well with the Langmuir’s model for Pb (II) and Cu (II). The results of the adsorption kinetic study showed that the data fitted well with the pseudo-second order model for Pb (II) and Cu (II). In conclusion, red alga biomass exhibits great potential as an efficient low-cost sorbent for removal of metal ions.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cr(VI) Ions using Activated Carbon Produced from Indian Water Chestnut (Trapa natans) Peel Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 876-880
Author(s):  
Maninder Singh ◽  
D. P. Tiwari ◽  
Mamta Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Indian Water ◽  
Trapa Natans

The indiscriminate discharge of heavy metals into water and soil from anthropogenic practices is becoming prominent threat to the environment. Heavy metals like chromium, cadmium, lead, arsenic, nickel etc. are heavily toxic and carcinogenic in nature. This study emphasizes the adequacy of activated water chest nut (Trapa natans) peel powder as a new adsorbent material for removal of chromium(VI) metal ions. Adsorption experiments were performed in batch process. Various process parameters like contact time, temperature, solution pH, dose of adsorbent, metal ion concentration etc. were optimized. The physico-chemical properties of adsorbent material were characterized by FTIR and XRD. The morphology, topology of adsorbent surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) which revealed a highly porous structure and available specific surface area. The adsorption capacity (maximum) was counted as 59.17 mg/g and specific surface area was found 23.467 m2/g at a pH 7. The adsorption process for Cr(VI) ions was in a good agreement with Langmuir isotherm. The process also followed pseudo second order kinetics. The obtained result shows that activated water chest nut (Trapa natans) peel powder (AWCPP) can be a hopeful low-cost and eco-friendly bio-adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) metal ions and also better adsorbent than other various reported adsorbents.

Adsorption of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions by nano kaolinite: Thermodynamics and kinetics studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir

An easy route for preparation emulsion of kaolinite (Al2Si2O5.4H2O) from Sweileh sand deposits, west Amman, Jordan by hydrochloric acid under continuous stirring for 4 h at room temperature was performed and nano kaolinite powder was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions. Nano kaolinite was characterized by XRD, FT-IR and SEM techniques. Effect of pH, adsorbent dose, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and temperature on adsorption process was examined. The negative values of ΔGo and the positive value of ΔHo revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The Langmuir isotherm model fitted well to metal ions adsorption data and the adsorption capacity. The kinetic data provided the best correlation of the adsorption with pseudo-second order kinetic model. In view of promising efficiency, the nano kaolinite can be employed for heavy metal ions adsorption.

Lead removal from aqueous solutions by natural Greek bentonites

Clay Minerals ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bourliva ◽  
K. Michailidis ◽  
C. Sikalidis ◽  
A. Filippidis ◽  
M. Betsiou
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

AbstractThree bentonite samples (B1, B2, B3) from Milos Island, Greece, were investigated by XRD, AAS, DTA-TG, FTIR and specific surface area measurement techniques. A laboratory batch study has been performed to investigate the adsorption characteristics of lead ions (Pb2+) onto natural bentonite samples. The effect of various physicochemical factors that influence adsorption, such as solution pH (2–6), adsorbent dosage (1–10 g L–1), contact time (20–360 min), and initial metal ion concentration (5–150 mg L–1) was studied. A number of available models like the Lagergren pseudo first-order kinetic model, the pseudo second-order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion were utilized to evaluate the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption of Pb2+ was modelled with the Langmuir, Freundlich and D-R isotherms. The maximum Pb2+ adsorption capacities for B1, B2 and B3 were 85.47 mg g–1, 73.42 mg g–1 and 48.66 mg g–1, respectively.

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