Utilization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Industrial Solid Waste for the Removal of Chromium(VI) Ions from Synthetic Solution and Industrial Effluent

Activated carbon (AC) prepared from sago waste was characterized and used to remove chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solution and industrial effluent by adsorption methods using various conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage particle size and pH. Surface modification of the carbon adsorbent with a strong oxidizing agent like concentrated H2SO4 generates more active adsorption sites on the solid surface and pores for metal ion adsorption. Adsorption of the metal ion required a very short time and led to quantitative removal. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could describe the adsorption data. The calculated values of Q0 and b were 5.78 mg/g and 1.75 1/min, respectively. An effective adsorption capacity was noted for particle sizes in the range 125–250 μm at room temperature (30 ± 2°C) and an initial pH of 2.0 ± 0.2. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These studies revealed that AC prepared from sago waste is suitable for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from both synthetic and industrial effluents.

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Utilization of Sago Waste as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Cu(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2008/376839 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 233-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. Maheswari ◽

N. Venilamani ◽

S. Madhavakrishnan ◽

P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽

R. Venckatesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Equilibrium Isotherm ◽

Particle Size Range ◽

Industry Waste ◽

Sago Waste

The preparation of activated carbon (AC) from sago industry waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Cu(II) removal, as well as dispose of sago industry waste. The AC was prepared using sago industry waste with H2SO4and (NH4)2S2O8and physico-chemical properties of AC were investigated. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto AC prepared from sago industry waste has been studied under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH to assess the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. Adsorption equilibrium was obtained in 60min for 20 to 50mg/L of Cu(II) concentrations. The Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium isotherm models were found to provide an excellent fitting of the adsorption data. In Freundlich equilibrium isotherm, the RL values obtained were in the range of 0 to 1 (0.043 to 0.31) for Cu(II) concentration of 10 to 100mg/L, which indicates favorable adsorption of Cu(II) onto Sago waste carbon. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) (Qo) obtained from the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm model was found to be 32.467 mg/g at pH 4 ± 0.2 for the particle size range of 125–250u. The percent removal increased with an increase in pH from 2 to 4. This adsorbent was found to be effective and economically attractive.

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Adsorption of Cr6+ Onto Unmodified and Hydrochloric Acid Modified African Nutmeg Pod (Monodora myristica) from Aqueous Solution

Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research ◽

10.9734/ajacr/2019/v3i330091 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

F. U. Okwunodulu ◽

H. O. Chukwuemeka-Okorie ◽

N. M. Mgbemena ◽

J. B. I. Kalu

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Low Ph ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Monodora Myristica ◽

Best Fit

The removal of Cr6+ from aqueous solution using unmodified and hydrochloric modified African nutmeg pod was studied. The effects of particle size, pH and initial metal ions concentration adsorbed were investigated. The amount of metal ion adsorbed increased as the initial metal ion concentration increased and also decreased at low pH of 2 for both modified and unmodified African nutmeg pod. 400 µm and 250 µm were the optimum particle sizes for both modified and unmodified African nutmeg pod respectively, values given as 75.8 mg/g for the modified and 93.39 mg/g for the unmodified. Generally, it was observed that the unmodified African nutmeg pod showed greater adsorption capacity than the modified African nutmeg pod. The equilibrium experimental data were examined via Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Freundlich isotherm model gave the best fit for the data in both unmodified and modified African nutmeg pod based on the correlation coefficients (R2 values) gotten. The results of the study showed that the African nutmeg pod is efficient for the removal of Cr6+ from aqueous solutions especially when unmodified.

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Effective Biosorption of Nickel(II) from Aqueous Solutions UsingTrichoderma viride

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/716098 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

P. Sujatha ◽

V. Kalarani ◽

B. Naresh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Low Cost ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Toxic Metal ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Recovery Process ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models

The primary objective of the present study is to evaluate the optimization conditions such as kinetic and equilibrium isotherm models involved in the removal of Ni(II) from the aqueous solutions byTrichoderma viride. The biosorbent was characterized by FTIR and SEM. The optimum biosorption conditions were determined as a function of pH, biomass dosage, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature. The maximum Ni(II) biosorption was obtained at pH 4.5. The equilibrium data were better fit by the Langmuir isotherm model than by the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic studies indicate that the biosorption process of the metal ion Ni(II) has followed well the pseudo-second-order model. The sum of the square errors (SSE) and chi-square (χ2) tests were also carried out to find the best fit kinetic model and adsorption isotherm. The maximum biosorption capacity (qm) ofT.viridebiomass was found to be 47.6 mg/g for Ni(II) ion. Therefore, it can be concluded thatT.viridebiomass was effective and low-cost potential adsorbent to remove the toxic metal Ni(II) from aqueous solutions. The recovery process of Ni(II) fromT.viridebiomass was found to be higher than 98% by using 0.25 M HNO3. Besides the application of removal of toxic metal Ni(II) from aqueous solutions, the biosorbentT.viridecan be reused for five consecutive sorption-desorption cycles was determined.

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The Elimination by Natural Algerian Clay of Chromium Ions from Salt Water

Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux ◽

10.18280/acsm.450202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 105-112

Author(s):

Rachid Chebbi ◽

Amar Fadel ◽

Amel Aidi

Keyword(s):

Metal Ion ◽

Salt Water ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Adsorption Method ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Chromium Ions ◽

Stirring Time

This paper studies the removal of chromium ions from synthetic brackish water by an adsorption method using natural Algerian Bentonite (NAB), the mineral clay was characterized through FTIR, XRD and SEM/EDS analysis. The effect of the main physicochemical parameters; namely: clay dosage, initial metal ion concentration, pH, and contact time on the removal of Cr+3 was investigated. The results showed that equilibrium was attained within 5 minutes of stirring time. The retention capacity of Cr+3 increased with the increase of adsorbent dose and decreased with the increased initial metal ion concentration. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to determine the efficiency of bentonite used as an adsorbent. According to the obtained results, the Langmuir model adjusts very well to the experimental data. Based on the kinetic studies for the raw bentonite, it was verified that the mechanism corresponds to predominant pseudo-second- order adsorption.

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Reuse of Waste Materials as Precursors of Activated Carbon Synthesis for the Abatement of Antibiotic Cefpodoxime Proxetil from Industrial Effluents.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-110525/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Suryyia Manzoor ◽

Naseem Abbas ◽

Javier Fernandez ◽

Amir Mirza ◽

Ghazala Yasmin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Industrial Effluent ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Removal

Abstract The release of antibiotics to aquatic environment creates aquatic ecotoxicity and their bioaccumulation results in antibiotic resistance. Hence to lessen the risk of ecotoxicity and depletion of natural resources, it is imperative to disclose alternate precursor raw materials that can be successfully employed for the synthesis of new sorbents capable to remove antibiotics from the environment. This research reports the synthesis of activated carbon based sorbents derived from waste biomaterials like coconut shell (CNAC), walnut shell & peach stone (WNAC) and Bombax ceiba fruit capsule (BCAC) and their ability to remove antibiotic Cefpodoxime from the industrial effluents. Activation of carbon was done by HNO3 and H3PO4. FTIR, BET and SEM techniques were used for characterization of sorbents. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to study the adsorption behavior. Moreover, the experimental adsorption capacity (qe) of the three activated carbons was found to be 32 mg/g for CNAC, 40 mg/g for WNAC and 10 mg/g for BCAC. The maximum removal efficiency of the drug was found to be 96% using the WNAC. HPLC analysis was performed to confirm the removal of Cefpodoxime from industrial effluent.

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Exploring Adsorption Process of Lead (II) and Chromium (VI) Ions from Aqueous Solutions on Acid Activated Carbon Prepared from Juniperus procera Leaves

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr7040217 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 217 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ismat H. Ali ◽

Mohammed K. Al Mesfer ◽

Mohammad I. Khan ◽

Mohd Danish ◽

Majed M. Alghamdi

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Chromium Vi ◽

Biosorption Process ◽

Endothermic Process ◽

Juniperus Procera

The adsorption potential of acid activated carbon prepared from leaves of Juniperus procera to remove Pb(II) and Cr(VI) toxic ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effects of solution pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, initial ion concentration and temperature on the biosorption process were studied, and the optimum conditions were determined. Moreover, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models were applied to analyze adsorption data. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption processes were calculated. Adsorption was found to be a spontaneous and endothermic process. In addition, kinetic studies revealed a pseudo-first order kinetics biosorption process. The obtained results suggest that acid activated Juniperus procera leaves powder can be used as a cheap, efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbent material with high removal efficiency up to 98% for Pb(II) and 96% for Cr(VI) at 0.80 and 1.00 g/100 mL, respectively. The duration of the process was 100 min and 120 min for Pb(II) and Cr(VI) ions, respectively. The morphology of the of prepared activated carbon was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM).

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Breakthrough Curve Analysis for Column Dynamics Sorption of Mn(II) Ions from Wastewater by UsingMangostana garciniaPeel-Based Granular-Activated Carbon

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/959761 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Z. Z. Chowdhury ◽

S. M. Zain ◽

A. K. Rashid ◽

R. F. Rafique ◽

K. Khalid

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Sorption System ◽

Column Dynamics ◽

Equilibrium Data

The potential of granular-activated carbon (GAC) derived from agrowaste of Mangostene (Mangostana garcinia) fruit peel was investigated in batch and fixed bed system as a replacement of current expensive methods for treating wastewater contaminated by manganese, Mn(II) cations. Batch equilibrium data was analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models at different temperatures. The effect of inlet metal ion concentration (50 mg/L, 70 mg/L, and 100 mg/L), feed flow rate (1 mL/min and 3 mL/min), and activated carbon bed height (4.5 cm and 3 cm) on the breakthrough characteristics of the fixed bed sorption system were determined. The adsorption data were fitted with well-established column models, namely, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Adams-Bohart. The results were best-fitted with Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models rather than Adams-Bohart model for all conditions. The column had been regenerated and reused consecutively for five cycles. The results demonstrated that the prepared activated carbon was suitable for removal of Mn(II) ions from wastewater using batch as well as fixed bed sorption system.

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Experiments on the removal of chromium (VI) from its aqueous solution in batch reactors

Journal of Powder Technology and Advanced Functional Materials ◽

10.29253/jptafm.1.1.2018.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 12-18

Author(s):

P Mullai Mullai ◽

◽

S. Kothai Nayaki ◽

R. Nirmala Nirmala ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Kinetic Data ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Batch Reactors ◽

Adsorption Models ◽

Ion Concentrations ◽

First Order ◽

Chromium Vi

The adsorption of chromium (VI) onto activated carbon experimented in a batch reactor under two different conditions, namely, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dosages. For the five different initial metal ion concentrations such as 500, 600, 800, 900, 1000 mg/L, the steady-state values of chromium removal efficiency were 64, 92, 83, 71 and 66 %, respectively, using 5 grams of activated carbon under shaking at the end of 8th hour. The equilibrium of the process was found to fit into the two well-known adsorption models, Freundlich and Langmuir. It was also observed that the experimental kinetic data followed the first order rate expression.

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Adsorption of chromium ions from tannery effluents onto activated carbon prepared from rice husk and potato peel by H3PO4 activation

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-021-01477-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Ephraim Vunain ◽

Joel Brian Njewa ◽

Timothy Tiwonge Biswick ◽

Adewale Kabir Ipadeola

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Potato Peel ◽

Tannery Effluents ◽

Chromium Vi

AbstractTwo biomass agricultural waste materials; rice husks (RH) and potato peels (PP) were used as precursors for preparation of activated carbons by chemical activation using phosphoric acid for adsorption of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from tannery effluents. The prepared rice husk (RH–AC) and potato peel activated carbon (PP–AC) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Adsorption experiments were performed by varying pH, agitation speed, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration. Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data obtained at different adsorption conditions. It was found that the adsorption isotherms were well fitted by the Freundlich equation and the adsorption process was found to follow pseudo-second-order rate kinetics. Adsorption results obtained show a maximum Cr(VI) uptake being attained at pH 2.0, with chromium removal efficiency of 99.88% and 99.52% for RH–AC and PP–AC, respectively. RH–AC and PP–AC are effective adsorbent for the removal of chromium(VI) ions from wastewater.

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Moringa oleifera seeds for single and simultaneous removal of Pb2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-22214 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Abatal ◽

Yaneth Stephanie Durán Avendaño ◽

M. Teresa Olguin ◽

Joel Vargas

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Sorption Data ◽

Batch Tests ◽

Pseudo Second Order

In this study, we report the effectiveness of natural and NaOH treated Moringa oleifera seeds for single and simultaneous Pb2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. The biosorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The pH of point zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. Effects of contact time (15-1440 min), pH of solutions (2-10), mass of biosorbent (0.1-0.5 g) and initial metal ion concentration (10-1000 mg/L) were investigated using batch tests. The results show the pretreatment of biosorbent by NaOH improve significantly uptake capacity (mg/g) of the metal ions (q (Pb2+) = 38.45 and q (Cd2+) = 17.32 &#707; q (Pb2+) = 31.45 and q (Cd2+)= 14.67). Kinetic studies shown that the more than 90 % uptake of ion metals occurring within 120-180 min and the experimental data were better describe by a pseudo-second-order model. The sorption data for non-treated and NaOH treated Moringa oleifera seeds were evaluated by the Freundlich isotherm models to describe the adsorption equilibrium.

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