scholarly journals Saudi Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenols and Biological Activities

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Diaa O. El-Ansary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Gentisic Acid ◽  
Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid

Investigating the polyphenolic profile of natural Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum populations may reveal essential compounds that have biological activities. Natural populations of R. officinalis and O. basilicum in Northern Riyadh were investigated by HPLC-DAD analyses. Several polyphenols, including rosmarinic acid, gentisic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, rutoside, and others, out of 38 screened were confirmed. Rosmarinic acid was the major polyphenol in both of R. officinalis and O. basilicum. R. officinalis methanolic leaf extracts contained other phenols such as gentisic acid while O. basilicum contained also 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and rutoside as well as others. R. officinalis showed higher antioxidant activities than O. basilicum using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching assays. These higher activities are associated with a higher composition of rosmarinic acid in leaf extracts. The antioxidant activities of O. basilicum were attributed to identified phenols of rosmarinic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and rutoside. There were antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of leaf extracts, as well as identified polyphenols, against several cancer cells. These activities were attributed to the accumulation of necrotic and apoptotic cells in treated cancer cells with leaf extracts as well as identified polyphenols. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of leaf extracts were mainly attributed to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and rutoside in O. basilicum and rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in R. officinalis. This study proved that R. officinalis and O. basilicum natural populations might be considered as promising sources of natural polyphenols with biological activities.

scholarly journals Polyphenols of Frangula alnus and Peganum harmala Leaves and Associated Biological Activities

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Fahed A. Al-Mana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Frangula Alnus

Frangula alnus and Peganum harmala populations growing in Saudi Arabia might be rich sources of natural compounds with important biological activities. A high performance liquid chromatography diode array revealed several polyphenols in the leaf extracts for the first time, including p-coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, quercitrin, rutoside, quercetin and trifolin in F. alnus; and hydrocaffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and cynaroside in P. harmala. F. alnus and P. harmala showed strong antioxidant effects attributed to the polyphenolic composition of leaves and reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. F. alnus and P. harmala leaf extracts showed cytotoxic effects against Jurkat, MCF-7, HeLa, and HT-29 cancer cells using MTT and flow cytometry assays. These activities were attributed to the polyphenolic composition of leaves including quercitrin, trifolin and cymaroside, as well as the activation of caspase family enzymes 2, 6, 8 and 9 in treated cancer cells compared to control. The current findings of this study include a novel comprehensive investigation on the polyphenol composition and anticancer effects of leaf extracts of F. alnus and P. harmala from natural populations in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Acacia saligna and Lawsonia inermis Natural Populations

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Fahed A. Al-Mana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Acacia Saligna ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Leaf Extracts

Acacia saligna and Lawsonia inermis natural populations growing in Northern Saudi Arabia might be a valuable source of polyphenols with potent biological activities. Using high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), several polyphenols were detected tentatively in considerable amounts in the methanolic leaf extracts of A. saligna and L. inermis. A. saligna mainly contained rutoside, hyperoside, quercetin 3-glucuronide, gallic acid and p-coumaric acid, whereas those of L. inermis contained apigenin 5-glucoside, apigetrin and gallic acid. Strong antioxidant activities were found in the leaf extracts of both species due to the presence of hyperoside, quercetin 3-glucuronide, gallic acid, isoquercetin, p-coumaric acid, quercitrin and rutoside. A. saligna and L. inermis leaf extracts as well as hyperoside, apigenin 5-glucoside, and quercetin 3-glucuronide significantly reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in all investigated cancer cells compared to the control. Methanolic leaf extracts and identified polyphenols showed antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, which may be attributed to necrotic cell accumulation during apoptotic periods. Antibacterial activities were also found in both species leaf extracts and were twice as high in A. saligna than L. inermis due to the high composition of rutoside and other polyphenols. Finally, strong antifungal activities were detected, which were associated with specific phenols such as rutoside, hyperoside, apigenin 5-glucoside and p-coumaric acid. This is the first study exploring the polyphenolic composition of A. saligna and L. inermis natural populations in northern Saudi Arabia and aiming at the detection of their biological activities.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Potential and Chemical Composition of Crocus sativus Leaf Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Olha Mykhailenko ◽  
Vilma Petrikaite ◽  
Michal Korinek ◽  
Fang-Rong Chang ◽  
Mohamed El-Shazly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Crocus sativus L. (saffron) has been traditionally used as a food coloring or flavoring agent, but recent research has shown its potent pharmacological activity to tackle several health-related conditions. Crocus sp. leaves, and petals are the by-products of saffron production and are not usually used in the medicine or food industries. The present study was designed to determine the chemical composition of the water and ethanolic extracts of C. sativus leaves and test their cytotoxic activity against melanoma (IGR39) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines by MTT assay. We also determined their anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral activities. HPLC fingerprint analysis showed the presence of 16 compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acids, xanthones, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids, which could contribute to the extracts’ biological activities. For the first time, compounds such as tectoridin, iristectorigenin B, nigricin, and irigenin were identified in Crocus leaf extracts. The results showed that mangiferin (up to 2 mg/g dry weight) and isoorientin (8.5 mg/g dry weight) were the major active ingredients in the leaf extracts. The ethanolic extract reduced the viability of IGR39 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells with EC50 = 410 ± 100 and 330 ± 40 µg/mL, respectively. It was more active than the aqueous extract. Kaempferol and quercetin were identified as the most active compounds. Our results showed that Crocus leaves contain secondary metabolites with potent cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.

High-Gravity-Assisted Green Synthesis of NiO-NPs Anchored on the Surface of Biodegradable Nanobeads with Potential Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Rabiee ◽  
Mojtaba Bagherzadeh ◽  
Amir Mohammad Ghadiri ◽  
Mahsa Kiani ◽  
Sepideh Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
High Gravity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Rotating Packed Bed ◽  
Nio Nps

Here, an unprecedented synthesis method for nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) was facilitated using Salvia hispanica leaf extracts with the assistance of a high gravity rotating packed bed (RPB) system that enabled fast mass transfer and molecular mixing. The synthesized nanoparticles were anchored on the surface of biodegradable chitosan nanobeads and their photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue. Additionally, the potential biological activities of NiO-NPs in terms of antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for 24 hours), cytotoxicity (using the PC12 cell line for 24 and 72 hours), and antioxidant activities (based on the discoloration of the methanolic solution of DPPH) were assessed. This novel approach for NiO-NPs@Chitosan synthesis as mediated by a renewable plant extract and facilitated by a high-gravity method, led to the greener synthesis of nanoparticles with significant antibacterial and photocatalytic properties.

scholarly journals Polyphenol Content and Biological Activities of Ruta graveolens L. and Artemisia abrotanum L. in Northern Saudi Arabia

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Diaa O. El-Ansary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Artemisia Abrotanum

Natural populations of Ruta graveolens L. and Artemisia abrotanum L. in northern Saudi Arabia may be a rich source of natural polyphenols with potential biological activities. Therefore, tentative high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection was used to analyze the polyphenol contents of leaf extracts. R. graveolens mainly contained the phenolic acids chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid and the flavonoids rutoside and quercetin, whereas those of A. abrotanum mainly contained the phenolic acids isochlorogenic acid and rosmarinic acid and the flavonoid quercetin. Leaf extracts of both species showed antioxidant activities due to the presence of quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid as well as antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, which may be attributed to necrotic cell accumulation during the early and late apoptotic periods. Both species also exhibited antibacterial activity, although the activity was higher in R. graveolens due to the high contents of quercetin and other polyphenols. Finally, both species exhibited antifungal activities, which were associated with specific polyphenols. This is the first study to confirm the richness of polyphenols and wide spectrum of biological activities in natural populations of R. graveolens and A. abrotanum in northern Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Tunisian Native Mentha pulegium L. Extracts: Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Jed Jebali ◽  
Hanene Ghazghazi ◽  
Chedia Aouadhi ◽  
Ines ELBini-Dhouib ◽  
Ridha Ben Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Remedies

Mint species (Lamiaceae family) have been used as traditional remedies for the treatment of several diseases. In this work, we aimed to characterize the biological activities of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Mentha pulegium L. extracts collected from two different regions of Tunisia. The highest amounts of total phenols (74.45 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (28.87 ± 0.02 mg RE/g DW), and condensed tannins (4.35 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) were found in the Bizerte locality. Methanolic leaf extracts were subjected to HPLC-UV analysis in order to identify and quantify the phenolic composition. This technique allowed us to identify seven phenolic compounds: two phenolic acids and five flavonoid compounds, such as eriocitrin, hesperidin, narirutin, luteolin, and isorhoifolin, which were found in both extracts with significant differences between samples collected from the different regions (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our results showed that the methanolic extract from leaves collected from Bizerte had the highest antioxidant activities (DPPH IC50 value of 16.31 μg/mL and 570.08 μmol Fe2+/g, respectively). Both extracts showed high radical-scavenging activity as well as significant antimicrobial activity against eight tested bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram-positive bacteria with inhibition zone diameters and MIC values ranging between 19 and 32 mm and 40 and 160 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, at 10 μg/mL, the extract had a significant effect on cell proliferation of U87 human glioblastoma cells. These findings open perspectives for the use of Mentha pulegium L. extract in green pharmacy, alternative/complementary medicine, and natural preventive therapies for the development of effective antioxidant, antibacterial, and/or antitumoral drugs.

scholarly journals Elicitor induced increased rosmarinic acid content of in vitro root cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. (Sweet Basil)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Trayee Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Shoot Bud

In vitro root cultures provide an alternative means for producing secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical and industrial importance. The present investigation is an attempt to study the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as an elicitor, on the production of rosmarinic acid through in vitro root cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. The rosmarinic acid is a preformed constitutively accumulated defense compound having several biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidative activity. Uniform progeny of O. basilicum L. was obtained through in vitro shoot bud multiplication as reliable source of explants. In vitro root cultures were established in one fourth strength of Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l–1 ?-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Methyl jasmonate, was supplemented to the root cultures at different concentrations (0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mM), and their effect on total phenol content as well as rosmarinic acid production was studied. Rosmarinic acid was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Compared to the control set of cultures 1.60 fold increase in rosmarinic acid concentration (4.05 ± 0.74 % of dry wt) was observed in elicitor treated cultures.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of methanol extracts from leaves ofTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericea(Combretaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Mona F. Mahmoud ◽  
Rehab A. Hasan ◽  
Mohamed A.O. Abdelfattah ◽  
Samir Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Binding Free Energy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Terminalia Bellirica ◽  
Interaction Surface

BackgroundPlants belonging to the genusTerminaliasuch asTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericeaare used traditionally to treat several diseases and health disorders. Up to this date, the roots ofTerminalia sericeaand the fruits ofTerminalia belliricaare the mostly studied plant parts. The phytochemical composition and the biological activities of the leaves of both species are not well identified so far.MethodsThe secondary metabolites ofTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericealeaves were identified using HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. The antioxidant activities of the leaves extracts were determined by DPPH and FRAP assays. The hepatoprotective potential was evaluated in rats with D-galactosamine induced liver damage. The effect of the extracts on the expression of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was measured in an immunohistochemical study. The most abundant compounds identified in the studied extracts were docked into Bcl-2: Bim (BH3) interaction surface using molecular operating environment software.ResultsA total of 85 secondary metabolites were identified in the leaf extracts of both species. Ellagitannins such as corilagin, chebulagic acid, galloylpunicalagin, and digalloyl-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-hexoside were found to be the major components inTerminalia belliricawhereas flavonoid glycosides including quercetin rutinoside and quercetin galloyl-glucoside were highly abundant inTerminalia sericea. The studied extracts exhibited pronounced antioxidant activities, moderate anti-apoptotic and hepatoprotective potential. In silico docking experiments revealed that the compounds abundant in the extracts were able to bind to Bcl-2: Bim (BH3) interaction surface with an appreciable binding free energy.DiscussionThe antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities exhibited by the studied extracts might be attributed to the high content of the polyphenols. The anti-apoptotic activity could be due to the interference with the apoptotic pathway mediated by Bcl-2: Bim interaction. These findings support the medicinal relevance ofTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericeaand provide a rational base for their utilization in folk medicine.

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