scholarly journals Biocarbon Derived from Opuntia ficus indica for p-Nitrophenol Retention

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Hanedi Elhleli ◽  
Faten Mannai ◽  
Mongi ben Mosbah ◽  
Ramzi Khiari ◽  
Younes Moussaoui
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Activated carbon obtained from Opuntia ficus indica by sodium hydroxide activation was employed for the adsorption of p-nitrophenol from water. The activated carbons obtained were characterized by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, sorption of nitrogen, scanning electron microscopy, and Boehm titration. Effects of pH, contact time, amount of adsorbent, and temperature on the adsorption of p-nitrophenol were studied. Adsorption isotherms were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, and the thermodynamic parameters have been determined. The adsorption of p-nitrophenol was spontaneous, exothermic, and propitious at 15 °C and adopted the pseudo-second order model, and the most credible isotherm was Langmuir’s one. The activated carbon used in this work has good p-nitrophenol adsorption characteristics, and the study of the desorption and reuse of this carbon shows that it retains a removal rate greater than 94% after five cycles of adsorption-desorption.

Kinetics and equilibrium adsorption study of p-nitrophenol onto activated carbon derived from walnut peel

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 2229-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Liu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Song Bai
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Maximum Removal

An original activated carbon prepared from walnut peel, which was activated by zinc chloride, was modified with ammonium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide in order to contrast the adsorption property of the three different activated carbons. The experiment used a static adsorption test for p-nitrophenol. The effects of parameters such as initial concentration, contact time and pH value on amount adsorbed and removal are discussed in depth. The thermodynamic data of adsorption were analyzed by Freundlich and Langmuir models. The kinetic data of adsorption were measured by the pseudo-first-order kinetics and the pseudo-second-order kinetics models. The results indicated that the alkalized carbon samples derived from walnut peel had a better performance than the original activated carbon treated with zinc chloride. It was found that adsorption equilibrium time was 6 h. The maximum removal rate of activated carbon treated with zinc chloride for p-nitrophenol was 87.3% at pH 3,whereas the maximum removal rate of the two modified activated carbon materials was found to be 90.8% (alkalized with ammonium hydroxide) and 92.0% (alkalized with sodium hydroxide) at the same pH. The adsorption data of the zinc chloride activated carbon were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model. The two alkalized activated carbon samples were fitted well to the Freundlich model. The pseudo-second-order dynamics equation provided better explanation of the adsorption dynamics data of the three activated carbons than the pseudo-first-order dynamics equation.

scholarly journals Brasil nut mesocarp (Bertholletia excels) as a Biomass Source for Activated Carbon Production: Correlation Between Thermal Treatment and Adsorption Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4584-4596
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Carbon Production ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Best Fit

The activated carbon investigated in this work was produced from the extractive residues of Brazil nut processing, more specifically from the mesocarp of the Amazonian fruit. The process was performed by muffle pyrolysis, with ZnCl2 impregnation, at 400 and 500 °C. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetry, CHNS elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and adsorption/desorption of N2. The results were promissory, with 99% removal of methylene blue for the CA25 material, which has a surface area of 1236 m2 g-1, much higher than commercial coal (CAC, 618 m2 g-1). The adsorption kinetics best fit the pseudo-second-order model for all materials. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 195.3 mg g-1. Therefore, the extractive residue of Brazil nut has excellent potential for the development of activated carbon, which can be used effectively to mediate environmental contamination in a given aqueous medium.

scholarly journals Studies of adsorption kinetics and regeneration of aniline, phenol, 4-chlorophenol and 4-nitrophenol by activated carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Suresh ◽  
V.C. Srivastava ◽  
I.M. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Ftir Spectral Analysis ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Desorption Cycle

The present paper reports kinetic studies of the adsorption of aniline (AN), phenol (P), 4-chlorophenol (CP) and 4-nitrophenol (NP) from aqueous solution onto granular activated carbon (GAC). In FTIR spectral analysis, the transmittance of the peaks gets increased after the loading of AN, P, CP and NP signifying the participation of these functional groups in the adsorption and it seems that the adsorption of AN, P, CP and NP is chemisorptive in nature. The rates of adsorption were found to obey a pseudo-second order model and that the dynamics of AN, P, CP and NP adsorption are controlled by a combination of surface and pore diffusion. The diffusion coefficient were of the order of 10-10 m2 s-1. Thermal desorption at 623 K was found to be more effective than solvent desorption. GAC performed well for at least five adsorption-desorption cycle, with continuous decrease in adsorption efficiency after each thermal desorption. Owing to its relative high heating value, the spent GAC can be used as co-fuel for the production of heat in a boiler or a furnace.

scholarly journals Pectin/Activated Carbon-Based Porous Microsphere for Pb2+ Adsorption: Characterization and Adsorption Behaviour

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2453
Author(s):  
Ri-si Wang ◽  
Ya Li ◽  
Xi-xiang Shuai ◽  
Rui-hong Liang ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The development of effective heavy metal adsorbents has always been the goal of environmentalists. Pectin/activated carbon microspheres (P/ACs) were prepared through simple gelation without chemical crosslinking and utilized for adsorption of Pb2+. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the addition of activated carbon increased the porosity of the microsphere. Texture profile analysis showed good mechanical strength of P/ACs compared with original pectin microspheres. Kinetic studies found that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption rate was controlled by film diffusion. Adsorption isotherms were described well by a Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was estimated to be 279.33 mg/g. The P/ACs with the highest activated carbon (P/AC2:3) maintained a removal rate over 95.5% after 10 adsorption/desorption cycles. SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum and XPS analysis suggested a potential mechanism of adsorption are ion exchange between Pb2+ and Ca2+, electronic adsorption, formation of complexes, and physical adsorption of P/ACs. All the above results indicated the P/ACs may be a good candidate for the adsorption of Pb2+.

scholarly journals Highly Effective Adsorption of Caffeine by a Novel Activated Carbon Prepared From Coconut Leaf

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvio N. Oliveira ◽  
Alex T. Meneses ◽  
Samara F. de Melo ◽  
Franciele M. R. Dias ◽  
Maisa T. B. Perazzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract The disposal of coconut wastes is costly and damaging to the environment, but its uses are advantageous activated carbons production. Coconut leaves waste were used for activated carbon production by pyrolysis at 500º C and activation with potassium carbonate. The activated carbon was used for caffeine removal from aqueous solution. The coconut leaves activated carbon showed a predominantly amorphous structure from X-ray diffraction analysis and a pH at the zero charge point of 7.9. From the N2 adsorption/desorption method, the adsorbent showed a predominance of mesopores, with average pore size of 45.48 ηm and a surface area of 678.03 m2/g. From kinetic studies the data followed the pseudo-second order, where the intraparticle diffusion can be neglected. The adsorption isotherms were satisfactorily adjusted for the Redlich-Peterson model and a type curve L was identified. The thermodynamic parameters showed that adsorption occurred spontaneously, was exothermic and governed by physical adsorption. The artificial neural networks developed were capable of predicting both kinetics and equilibrium adsorption data under different operating conditions and was comparable to the traditional models available in literature in the training experiments, encouraging its use for data generalization when an efficient dataset is used. In conclusion, coconut leaves waste showed to be a promising feedstock to produce activated carbon aiming caffeine removal from water and wastewater.

Preparation of Activated Carbons from Coconuts Shell for Pb (II) Adsorption

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Yusmartini ◽  
Dedi Setiabudidaya ◽  
Ridwan ◽  
Marsi ◽  
Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Order Equation ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Small Particle Size ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Batch Method ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The purpose of this study is to prepare activated carbon from coconut shell to be used as an adsorbent for heavy metals. The coconut shell was carbonized at a temperature of 700°C and the resulting carbon is finely milled and sieved through No 200 mesh. Sulfuric acid is used as an activator for this process. The characteristics of the resulting activated carbon were tested and the results are as follows: moisture content 1.641%, ash content of 0.554%, iodine adsorption of 960.21 mg/g and the adsorption of methyl blue 212.1 mg/g. The small particle size of the activated carbon increases the surface area measured using BET method to 398.721 m2/g. Adsorption kinetic and adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon on Pb by batch method follow pseudo second-order equation order model with adsorption capacity at equilibrium equal to 24.491 mg per g Pb (II) adsorbent.

Adsorption of Phthalate Esters (PAEs) from Aqueous Solution onto Activated Carbons from Softstem Bulrush

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 791-796
Author(s):  
Hui Jun Xie ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Wei Tan ◽  
Jian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Second Order Model

Removal of Phthalate Easters (PAEs) by softstem bulrush carbon (SBC) in aqueous solution was studied. In this work, the effects of pH, adsorbent dosage (0.8-2.8g), and initial DMP concentration (20-100 mg/L) on the adsorption system were investigated. It turned out that the effective pH was 7.0 and the optimum adsorbent dose was 2.0 g/L. Equilibrium experimental data at 283, 293 and 308 K were better represented by Freundlich isotherm than Langmuir isotherm. In addition, adsorption kinetics was determined using pseudo-first-order model, pseudo-second-order model. The results indicated that the adsorption of DMP onto SBC followed pseudo-second-order model.

scholarly journals Comparative studies on the removal of copper (II) by Ulva fasciata activated carbon and commercially activated carbon

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Suresh Jeyakumar ◽  
V. Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ulva Fasciata ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Abstract In this work, the efficiency of Ulva fasciata sp. activated carbons (CCUC, SCUC and SSUC) and commercially activated carbon (CAC) were studied for the removal of Cu (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of pH, contact time, initial copper concentration and adsorbent dose. The percentage adsorption of copper by CCUC, SSUC, SCUC and CAC are 88.47%, 97.53%, 95.78% and 77.42% respectively. Adsorption data were fitted with the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models. Two kinetic models pseudo first order and the pseudo second order were selected to interpret the adsorption data.

Removal of Cu, Fe, and Zn from Peat Water by Using Activated Carbon Derived from Oil Palm Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 1162 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Rakhmawati Farma ◽  
Ona Lestari ◽  
Erman Taer ◽  
Apriwandi ◽  
Minarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Turbidity Level ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Heavy metal such as Cu, Fe, and Zn are the most serious contributers to environmental problems. The removal of heavy metal from the environment is the research interest nowdays. The adsorption of Cu, Fe and Zn from wastewater was investigated with various activated carbons as adsorbents. The activated carbons were produced from oil palm leaves by using multi-activation methods. The H3PO4, NaOH, ZnCl2 and KOH were chosen as chemical activating agents. Batch adsorption experiment was used to test the ability of activated carbon to remove Cu, Fe, and Zn from wastewater. The surface characteristics of activated carbon were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The Activated carbons were able to purify wastewater with a maximum turbidity level of 2.83 NTU. The AC-H3PO4 activated carbon showed the highest absorbability of Cu metal as 91.540%, while the highest absorbabilities of Zn and Fe metals were indicated by AC-KOH activated carbon of 22.853% and 82.244% absorption respectively. Therefore, these results enable the oil palm leaves to become a high potential for activated carbon as removal the heavy metals.

Iron-Cobalt Magnetic Activated Carbon as an Effective Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue and Acid Blue 80

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150068
Author(s):  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Zhongwei Zhao ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
Zongli Ren
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Adsorption Activity ◽  
Magnetic Activated Carbon ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Acid Blue

For the treatment of dye wastewater, it is of great significance to develop new adsorbents with high adsorption capacity and good separation effect. In this study, the Fe-Co magnetic activated carbon material (CN-Fe-Co-AC) was first prepared by high-temperature calcination. CN-Fe-Co-AC is physically characterized by various methods. CN-Fe-Co-AC can efficiently and quickly remove the organic dyes methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 80 (AB80). The adsorption of MB and acid blue based on CN-Fe-Co-AC adsorbent is mainly through the specific surface area and the functional groups on the surface. During this recovery process, the adsorption activity of CN-Fe-Co-AC for MB and AB80 decreased slightly. Kinetic data can be described using a Pseudo-second-order model and the data for adsorption equilibrium can be described using the Langmuir isotherm. The theoretical adsorption capacities of MB and AB80 are 104.82[Formula: see text]mg/g and 26.94[Formula: see text]mg/g, respectively. After repeated use of five times, the removal rate of MB exceeded 96%, and the removal rate of AB80 exceeded 75%. The excellent adsorption performance and recyclability of CN-Fe-Co-AC indicate that this material has certain potential application value.

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