scholarly journals Chemical Characterization Using Different Analytical Techniques to Understand Processes: The Case of the Paraffinic Base Oil Production Line

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1472
Author(s):  
Rémi Moulian ◽  
Johann Le Maître ◽  
Hélène Leroy ◽  
Ryan Rodgers ◽  
Brice Bouyssiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Mineral Base

Mineral base oils are used to produce commercial lubricants and are obtained from refining vacuum residue. Lubricants are used to reduce friction in industry devices, so their viscosity is a key characteristic that needs to be optimized throughout the process. The purpose of this study is to show how global chemical characterization of samples from the base oil production chain can facilitate a better understanding of the molecular impacts of processing and their effect on macroscopic properties like viscosity. Eight different samples were characterized by different analytical techniques, including liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques, to understand their chemical evolution through the different process units at the molecular level. Furthermore, a statistical treatment allowed for the identification of parameters that influence viscosity, mainly sulfur and polyaromatics content. This study demonstrates the importance and effectiveness of cross-checking results from different complementary analytical techniques to acquire valuable data on lubricating oil base samples.

scholarly journals Polyacrylate-magnetite nanocomposite as a potential multifunctional additive for lube oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koushik Dey ◽  
Gobinda Karmakar ◽  
Mahua Upadhyay ◽  
Pranab Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Base Stock ◽  
Multifunctional Additive ◽  
Viscosity Index Improver ◽  
Point Depressant ◽  
Index Improver ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Mineral Base

Abstract The application of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) in lubricant industry has attracted considerable interest due to their much enhanced properties compared to neat polymers. In this study, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized. Then PNCs were prepared by reinforcing these NPs in the homopolymer of dodecyl acrylate in different percentages. The characterization of the prepared NPs and PNCs was done by different analytical techniques. Thermal stability is determined through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Performance evaluation of the PNCs as viscosity index improver, pour point depressant and antiwear additive was carried out by blending them with a mineral base stock at different percentage ratios. Standard ASTM methods are followed to carry out the evaluations. It is found that with increasing the percentage of nanocomposites in the base stock, the overall performance of the furnished lubricant is enhanced.

scholarly journals PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EGG SHELL BHASMA BY USING MODERN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Kundan Patil
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Modern Analytical

Calcium is one of the essential elements for living beings. As a supplement, it is used to treat Calcium deficiencies due to a calcium deficient diet. In Rasaratnasamuchchaya Calcium bhasma (Eggshell bhasma) is included as a rich calcium supplement. There is a need for work on the determination of the percentage of Calcium in the eggshell and its limit of acceptance. Easy absorption of bhasma in the body is possible when its preparation is carried out in an acidic medium. Lemon juice is one of the acidic mediums employed for this purpose at pH 2.4. The eggshell powder is subjected to five calcination cycles to convert it into the Bhasma. Analysis of Eggshell Bhasma has been done by various modern analytical techniques to determine its exact chemical compositions. Various instrumental methods like XRD, FTIR, and SEM have been incorporated for analysis of raw materials, intermediates as well as final products. The calcium carbonate present in eggshells is in calcite form. In the present work, structural and chemical characterization of eggshell bhasma was carried out to develop an analytical profile of it.

Experimental study on the efficacy of MoS2 microfluids for improved tribological performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Gananath D Thakre ◽  
PK Arya ◽  
LNS Konathala ◽  
S Saran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lubrication Regimes ◽  
Lubrication Characteristics ◽  
Mineral Base

This paper reports the synthesis and tribo-performance investigation of microfluids developed using silane functionalized µ-molybdenum disulphide (µ-MoS2) particles for improved tribological performance. The functionalized µ-MoS2 particles were characterized by analytical techniques like Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The µ-MoS2 particles were then blended with mineral base oil in varying concentrations. The lubrication characteristics in terms of anti-friction, anti-wear, and extreme pressure properties of the µ-MoS2 particle blended microfluids were evaluated under different lubrication regimes. The results showed an excellent improvement in anti-wear, anti-friction, and extreme pressure properties. The tribo-performance of the MoS2 microfluids strongly depends on the compatibility and concentration of particles with base oils. Functionalization of the µ-MoS2 particles by trichlorooctadecylsilane allows forming stable dispersion in base oil. The MoS2 microfluids can be used as lubricants in advance tribological applications.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Fruit Wine Made from Oblačinska Sour Cherry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Pantelić ◽  
Dragana Dabić ◽  
Saša Matijašević ◽  
Sonja Davidović ◽  
Biljana Dojčinović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content

This paper was aimed at characterizing the wine obtained from Oblačinska, a native sour cherry cultivar. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper with the most comprehensive information on chemical characterization of Oblačinska sour cherry wine. The chemical composition was characterized by hyphenated chromatographic methods and traditional analytical techniques. A total of 24 compounds were quantified using the available standards and another 22 phenolic compounds were identified based on the accurate mass spectrographic search. Values of total phenolics content, total anthocyanin content, and radical scavenging activity for cherry wine sample were 1.938 mg gallic acid eqv L−1, 0.113 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside L−1, and 34.56%, respectively. In general, cherry wine polyphenolics in terms of nonanthocyanins and anthocyanins were shown to be distinctive when compared to grape wines. Naringenin and apigenin were characteristic only for cherry wine, and seven anthocyanins were distinctive for cherry wine.

Molecular-level characterization of Brazilian pre-salt crude oils by advanced analytical techniques

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 120474
Author(s):  
Daniela França ◽  
Dayane M. Coutinho ◽  
Thamara A. Barra ◽  
Rafael S. Xavier ◽  
Débora A. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Crude Oils

scholarly journals In-situ physical and chemical characterization of the Eyjafjallajökull aerosol plume in the free troposphere over Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 20195-20238
Author(s):  
S. Sandrini ◽  
L. Giulianelli ◽  
S. Decesari ◽  
M. C. Facchini ◽  
S. Fuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Volcanic Plume ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Aerosol Plume

Abstract. Continuous measurements of physical and chemical properties at the Mt. Cimone GAW-WMO Global Station (2165 m a.s.l.) allowed the detection of the volcanic aerosol plume resulting from the Eyjafjallajökull eruption of spring 2010. The event affected the site after a transport over a distance of more than 3000 km. Two main transport episodes were detected during the eruption period, showing a volcanic fingerprint discernible against the free tropospheric background conditions typical of the site, the first from 19 to 21 April and the second from 18 to 20 May 2010. The paper reports the modification of aerosol characteristics observed during the two episodes, both characterized by an abrupt increase in fine and, especially, coarse mode particle number. Analysis of major, minor and trace elements by different analytical techniques (Ionic Chromatography, PIXE-PIGE and ICP-MS) were performed on aerosols collected by ground level discrete sampling. The resulting database allows the characterization of aerosol chemical composition during the volcanic plume transport and in background conditions. During the passage of the volcanic plume, the fine fraction was dominated by sulphates, denoting the secondary origin of this mode, mainly resulting from in-plume oxidation of volcanic SO2. By contrast, the coarse fraction was characterized by increased concentration of numerous elements of crustal origin, such as Fe, Ti, Mn, Ca, Na, and Mg, which enter the composition of silicate minerals. Data analysis of selected elements (Ti, Al, Fe, Mn) allowed the estimation of the volcanic plume's contribution to total PM10, resulting in a local enhancement of up to 9.5 μg m-3, i.e. 40% of total PM10, on 18 May, which was the most intense of the two episodes. These results appear significant, especially in the light of the huge distance of Mt. Cimone from the source, confirming the widespread diffusion of the Eyjafjallajokull ashes over Europe.

scholarly journals Various Experimental factors behind the Missing Elements in PIXE Spectrum of Charnockite Matrix

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
A.V.S. Satyanarayana Avupati ◽  
M. Jagannadha Rao M. Jagannadha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Not Given ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range

In the chemical characterization of charnokite is well investigated by using PIXE and other analytical techniques, but PIXE not given information about some of elements completely, because every technique including PIXE has proper limitations. To obtain the complete geochemical explanation of matrix charnockite composition, the experimental factors behind missing elements in PIXE at 3 MeV techniques with comparison must known and hence are used for the analysis of matrix compositions related to the earth materials like charnockite. In this study, the results obtained from PIXE compared with other analytical techniques and experimental factors of PIXE are discussed. By investigating the geochemical nature of complex charnockite material, the experimental factors which are related to the missing elements in this study of wide range of elements obtained from PIXE spectrum through the previous analytical techniques have been discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document