scholarly journals Sexuality and Affection in the Time of Technological Innovation: Artificial Partners in the Japanese Context

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Beatriz Yumi Aoki ◽  
Takeshi Kimura
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Sexuality ◽  
Sexual Intimacy ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Recent years have witnessed an increase in the number of academic studies on the impact of technological advancements on human life, including possible transformations and changes in human sexuality following the development of sex-related devices, such as sex robots. In this context, terms such as posthuman sexuality, digisexuality, and techno-sexuality have emerged, signaling possible new understandings of sexual, intimacy, and emotional practices. It is important to note that ancient history shows that humankind has for a long time been fascinated with their relationship to non-living things, mostly human-like figures, such as dolls. The Ningyo (人形, the Japanese term for doll) has a long history of usage, and has deep religious and animistic significance in the Japanese context—there are records of sexual use as early as the 18th century. With this context in mind, this paper focuses on three Japanese examples, aiming to shine a light on beyond-human relationships, which include a Japanese man’s marriage to a digital character, sex dolls, and communicative robots, from both a sexual and emotional perspective. In a new horizon of sexual and romantic possibilities, how will humans respond, and what can emerge from these interactions?

نظام التوثيق وأثره في إدارة الأصول الوقفية في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة: نماذج من إمارة الشارقة (Documentation System and its Impact on Endowment Managements in United Arabic Emirates: The Study of Emirate of Sharjah)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-193
Author(s):  
مها بنت منصور الصائغ
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Documentation System ◽  
The People ◽  
Endowment Management ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law

شهد تاريخ الأمة الإسلامية حضارة ونهضة عالمية في جميع مجالات الحياة الإنسانية، ومما كان له كبير الأثر في ذلك هو الأوقاف التي بدأت مع سيد البشرية محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم واستمرت بتنوع وشمولية إلى عصرنا الحالي؛ ولكن ما تعرضت إليه الأوقاف من إهمال وإقصاء وضياع يرجع لأسباب عديدة من أهمها غياب التوثيق الوقفي. تقوم الدراسة على تتبع مفهوم الوقف والتوثيق، والوقف في الإمارات العربية المتحدة ول سيما في إمارة الشارقة. توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج منها: أن الأوقاف قائمة منذ زمن بعيد، وأن رغبة الواقف بالوقف وإقدامه عليها لم ينقصها سوى وثيقة، وأنه لا وثائق لها ولا مستندات، كما أن العرض الموجز لنشأة دائرة الأوقاف بالشارقة وسعيها لإحياء سنة الوقف ونشر ثقافته نراه يتضح شيئاً فشيئاً من خلال تفعيل مواد القانون والبحث حول الأنسب والأصح لحماية الأوقاف، ولم يكن هذا الاهتمام بالوقف إلا انعكاساً لتوجه الواقفين وتماشياً لرؤية الحكام وامتثالاً لنهج خير الأنام ورغبة في تكافل الأرواح وحباً للسلام. الكلمات المفتاحيّة: الوقف، التوثيق، المقارنة، الشارقة. Abstract The history of Islamic nation has witnessed a global civilization and it has had a great impact in all areas of human life, including the endowments that began with the master of humankind; Muhammad S.A.W. and it was continuing in diversity and comprehensively until our epoch. However, there are some problems related to endowment management such as negligence, exclusion and loss that due to many reasons. Among the most important reasons is the absence of endowment documentations. Therefore, the study aims to discuss the concept of endowment and documentation, as well as the endowment in United Arabic Emirates, especially in the Emirate of Sharjah. The study concluded that the practice of endowment has been existed for a long time, yet there are in need of endowment documentations. This study also found that the information related to the establishment of institution of endowment in Sharjah and its role has   spread widely to the people through the enforcement of the law and the implementation of the research related to the practice of endowment in order to sustain them in a good way. This documentation system was only a reflection of what has  stated in Shariah laws regarding the practice of endowment among the donors, so that it will be in line with the approach of good intentions and love of peace. Keywords: Endowment, Documentation, Comparison, Sharjah.   

The Portrayal of Islam in Some Early Nigerian Newspapers (1880-1910)

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Salahudeen Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Intellectual Honesty ◽  
The People ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The Press ◽  
External Threat ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

The history of Islam in part of what is known today as Nigeria datesto about the loth Century. Christianity dates to the late 18th Century. Bythe middle of the 19th Century, when Nigerian newspapers began to appearon the streets of Nigeria, both religions had won so many followers and extendedto so many places in Nigeria that very few areas were untouched bytheir influence. The impact of both religions on their adherents not only determinedtheir spiritual life, but influenced their social and political lives aswell. It therefore became inevitable that both religions receive coverage frommost of the newspapers of the time. How the newspapers as media of informationand communication reported issues about the two religions is thetheme of this paper.Rationale for the StudyThe purpose of this study is to highlight the context in which such earlynewspapers operated and the factors that dictated their performance. Thisis because it is assumed that when a society faces external threat to its territory,culture, and independence, all hands (the press inclusive) ought tobe on deck to resist the threat with all might. Were newspapers used as verbalartillery and how did they present each religion? It is also assumed thatin a multireligious society a true press should be objective and serve as avanguard in the promotion of the interest of the people in general and notcreate or foster an atmosphere of religious conflict. The study also aims atfinding out whether the papers promoted intellectual honesty and fosteredthe spirit of unity particularly when the society was faced with the encroachmentof the British who posed a threat to their freedom, culture, economy ...

scholarly journals Protestant cemeteries in Czechia: a necrogeographical perspective

Geografie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-207
Author(s):  
Zdeněk R. Nešpor
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Important Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Czech Lands ◽  
The Impact

The article introduces the field of necrogeography to Czech social geography and provides information on existing (nationwide) data sources. The author takes the issue of Protestant confessional cemeteries as an example, briefly outlines the history of these special types of burial fields (established principally from the end of the 18th century until approximately the mid-20th century), and provides a historical geographical analysis of their regional distribution in the Czech Lands. The article proves the impact of religious and geographical factors on the emergence (and eventual demise) of non-Catholic Christian confessional cemeteries and, at the same time, the research unveiled a number of important research questions to be addressed by Czech necrogeography in the future.

scholarly journals Respiratory Care in Corona

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-620
Author(s):  
Mustafa Amdani, Dr. Swaroopa Chakole
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Care ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The expanse of the coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is huge. The impact is multispectral and affected almost all aspects of human life. SUMMARY Respiratory impact of the COVID-19 is the most felt and widely reported impact. As the novel coronavirus maintained its history of affecting lungs as seen previously in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak. Ventilators and oxygen support system are required mostly in comorbid patients particularly amongpatientsbearing illnesses like asthma, bronchial impairment and so on. CONCLUSION More study needs to be done in order to assess the impact on the respiratory functioning of the body. Respiratory care must be including proper instruments so that more efficient result can be obtained. Research is needed to promote the invention of specific therapy for targeted action for respiratory functioning improvement.

scholarly journals Evaluating the scope and intensity of the conflict trap

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håvard Hegre ◽  
Håvard Mokleiv Nygård ◽  
Ranveig Flaten Ræder
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Low Income Country ◽  
Internal Armed Conflict ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Impact

Several studies show that internal armed conflict breeds conflict by exacerbating conditions that increase the chances of war breaking out again. Empirically, this ‘conflict trap’ works through four pathways: conflicts increase the likelihood of continuation, recurrence, escalation, and diffusion of conflict. Past empirical studies have underestimated the scope and intensity of the conflict trap since they consider the impact of conflict only through one of these pathways and rarely across sufficiently long time periods. This article shows that simulation and forecasting techniques are useful and indeed necessary to quantify the total, aggregated effect of the conflict trap, over long time periods and across countries. We develop a country-year statistical model that allows estimating the probability of no conflict, minor conflict, and major conflict, and the probabilities of transition between these states. A set of variables denoting the immediate and more distant conflict history of the country are used as endogenous predictors in the simulated forecasts. Another set of variables shown to be robustly associated with armed conflict are treated as exogenous predictors. We show that the conflict trap is even more severe than earlier studies have indicated. For instance, if a large low-income country with no previous conflicts is simulated to have two to three years of conflict over the 2015–18 period, we find that it will have nine more years of conflict over the 2019–40 period than if peace holds up to 2018. Conversely, if a large low-income country that has had major conflict with more than 1,000 battle-related deaths in several of the past ten years succeeds in containing violence to minor conflict over the 2015–18 period, we find that it will experience five fewer years of conflict in the subsequent 20 years than if violence continues unabated.

scholarly journals On the question of the interaction of Komi and Russian fairy tales (CIP 706 «The Maiden without Hand»)

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Надежда Степановна Коровина
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Class Time ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Impact

В данной статье предпринята попытка на основе конкретного сказочного сюжета о Безручке (СУС 706) исследовать особенности взаимодействия фольклорных произведений народов, не родственных этнически, но тесно общаюшихся на протяжении длительного времени и имеющих близкие культурные традиции. При рассмотрении данного вопроса использовалась методика сравнительного анализа, позволяющая установить, каким образом международный сказочный сюжет становится культурным достоянием народа коми, т. е. прояснить историю национального сказочного репертуара. В процессе анализа коми сказок о Безручке выявлено сходство с русскими вариантами в области содержания, в типах героев и способах их создания, развитии действия и последовательности эпизодов. В результате автор приходит к выводу о том, что сюжет о Безручке (СУС 706) заимствован у русских. Одновременно в статье отмечен тот факт, что рассмотренные варианты коми сказок имеют свою специфику и не создают впечатления однообразия. Это происходит за счет того, что постоянные элементы, представляющие композиционный стержень сюжета, во-первых, обрастают своеобразными деталями, которые придают повествованию национальный колорит. Именно в них отражается быт, привычки, обычаи народа коми. Во-вторых, своеобразие каждого варианта во многом зависят от индивидуального стиля, степени исполнительского мастерства, творческой манеры, отношения к данному сюжету того или другого исполнителя. В-третьих, именно в отдельных его вариантах сказываются социальные, временные различия, в совокупности своей отражающие исторические изменения сказки In this article an attempt is made on the basis of a specific fairy-tale story about «The Maiden without Hand» (CIP 706) to explore the features of the interaction of folk works of peoples who are not related ethnically, but who closely communicated for a long time and have close cultural traditions. When regarding this issue, we consider it appropriate to use the methodology of comparative analysis, since it is the comparative study of Russian and Komi variants of the fairy-tale plot that allows us to establish how the international fairy-tale plot becomes the cultural heritage of the Komi people, to clarify the history of the national fairy-tale repertoire. In all analyzed Komi tales about the Maiden without hand there is a similarity with the Russian variants in the development of the action, the sequence of episodes, the type of characters, their characteristics, the common ideological content. The structural and typological analysis allows us to conclude that the plot about «The Maiden without hand» (CIP 706) was borrowed from the Russians. However, the considered variants of Komi fairy tales do not create the impression of monotony because the constant elements that represent the compositional core, firstly, acquire peculiar details that give the narrative a national flavor. They reflect the life, habits and customs of the Komi people. Secondly, the originality of each option depends largely on the individual style, the degree of performing skills, creative manner, attitude to the story of a particular artist. Thirdly, it is in its individual options where the impact of class, time differences manifest themselves reflecting the historical changes of the tale.

scholarly journals Agama di Tengah-tengah Perubahan Masyarakat

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
S Sukirdi
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Changing Process

Changes in society that covers all aspects of  society can be occurred either naturally or artificial. The changing process is taking place throughout the history of human life locally, nationally and regionally. This illustrates how wide is the scope of the study of society. Due to the fact that changes in society brings the impact, either positive or negative, religion is needed in society as a counterweight and as a filter for negative impacts that might be occurred.

scholarly journals Doctors, Dioceses, and Decisions: Examining the Impact of the Catholic Hospital System and Federal Conscience Clauses on Medical Education

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Wurdock
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Medical Education And Training ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catholic Hospital ◽  
The Impact

In a time when health care reform and the limits on First Amendment freedom of religion are persistent subjects of debate, Catholic restrictions on health care have made it to the forefront of public concern. Catholic providers prohibit a variety of medical procedures traditionally viewed by the Church as contrary to the tenet of respect for human life and dignity. Many Americans view this as an unconstitutional restriction on care. As a result, the growing presence of Catholic providers, namely hospitals, has become a major point of contention in many communities. The potential barrier to medical services raises concern not only for potential patients, but also for medical students whose chosen specialty may include a prohibited service. This article identifies some difficulties that may emerge for current and prospective medical students and advocates that both groups should be required to contemplate (1) their personal beliefs as they pertain to religiously-restricted care, and (2) the effects those beliefs will have on their medical education and training. This article also gives a comprehensive background of the history of the Catholic hospital system in America and analyzes the federal "conscience clauses" and their implications for the instruction and practice of medicine. Finally, this article concludes that a mandatory bioethics curriculum is absolutely crucial to ensure adequate ethics training for medical students.

From the Archaeology of Childhood to Modern Children Visiting Archaeological Museums

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Lambrugo
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
General Public ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Children And Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter addresses three interconnected topics, beginning with a short overview of the archaeology of children and childhood in Italy, explaining how and why the Italian contribution to the topic has been very recent. The chapter then moves on to explore the relationship between modern children, Italian scholars of ancient history of art and archaeology, and museums; it notes that for a very long time Italian universities and museums have not been interested in developing didactic archaeology at all, especially when the spectators were children, whether of pre-school or older age. Finally, returning to children in the past, two noteworthy case studies of the presentation of ancient children at exhibitions are illustrated as an interesting point of convergence between current archaeological studies in Italy on childhood in the ancient world, and the newly generated need to communicate to the general public the result of research works.

Aḥmad Yasavī and the Ismāʿīlīs of Badakhshān: Towards a New Social History of Sufi-Shīʿī Relations in Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 643-681
Author(s):  
Daniel Beben
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Social History ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article examines how a text attributed to the renowned Central Asian Sufi figure Aḥmad Yasavī came to be found within a manuscript produced within the Ismāʿīlī Shīʿī community of the Shughnān district of the Badakhshān region of Central Asia. The adoption of this text into an Ismāʿīlī codex suggests an exchange between two disparate Islamic religious traditions in Central Asia between which there has hitherto been little evidence of contact. Previous scholarship on Ismāʿīlī-Sufi relations has focused predominately on the literary and intellectual engagement between these traditions, while the history of persecution experienced by the Ismāʿīlīs at the hands of Sunnī Muslims has largely overshadowed discussions of the social relationship between the Ismāʿīlīs and other Muslim communities in Central Asia. I demonstrate that this textual exchange provides evidence for a previously unstudied social engagement between Ismāʿīlī and Sunnī communities in Central Asia that was facilitated by the rise of the Khanate of Khoqand in the 18th century. The mountainous territory of Shughnān, where the manuscript under consideration originated, has been typically represented in scholarship as isolated prior to the onset of colonial interest in the region in the late 19th century. Building upon recent research on the impact of early modern globalization on Central Asia, I demonstrate that even this remote region was significantly affected by the intensification of globalizing processes in the century preceding the Russian conquest. Accordingly, I take this textual exchange as a starting point for a broader re-evaluation of the Ismāʿīlī-Sufi relationship in Central Asia and of the social ‘connectivity’ of the Ismāʿīlīs and the Badakhshān region within early modern Eurasia.

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