scholarly journals A Methodology for CO2 Retrieval Applied to Hyperspectral PRISMA Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4502
Author(s):  
Vito Romaniello ◽  
Claudia Spinetti ◽  
Malvina Silvestri ◽  
Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Band Ratio ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Weight Coefficients ◽  
Index Calculation

The aim of this work is to develop and test a simple methodology for CO2 emission retrieval applied to hyperspectral PRISMA data. Model simulations are used to infer the best SWIR channels for CO2 retrieval purposes, the weight coefficients for a Continuum Interpolated Band Ratio (CIBR) index calculation, and the factor for converting the CIBR values to XCO2 (ppm) estimations above the background. This method has been applied to two test cases relating to the LUSI volcanic area (Indonesia) and the Solfatara area in the caldera of Campi Flegrei (Italy). The results show the capability of the method to detect and estimate CO2 emissions at a local spatial scale and the potential of PRISMA acquisitions for gas retrieval. The limits of the method are also evaluated and discussed, indicating a satisfactory application for medium/strong emissions and over soils with a reflectance greater than 0.1.

scholarly journals Identification of a New Heavy-Metal-Resistant Strain of Geobacillus stearothermophilus Isolated from a Hydrothermally Active Volcanic Area in Southern Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2678
Author(s):  
Rosanna Puopolo ◽  
Giovanni Gallo ◽  
Angela Mormone ◽  
Danila Limauro ◽  
Patrizia Contursi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Geobacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Rrna Sequencing

Microorganisms thriving in hot springs and hydrothermally active volcanic areas are dynamically involved in heavy-metal biogeochemical cycles; they have developed peculiar resistance systems to cope with such metals which nowadays can be considered among the most permanent and toxic pollutants for humans and the environment. For this reason, their exploitation is functional to unravel mechanisms of toxic-metal detoxification and to address bioremediation of heavy-metal pollution with eco-sustainable approaches. In this work, we isolated a novel strain of the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus from the solfataric mud pool in Pisciarelli, a well-known hydrothermally active zone of the Campi Flegrei volcano located near Naples in Italy, and characterized it by ribotyping, 16S rRNA sequencing and mass spectrometry analyses. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) toward several heavy-metal ions indicated that the novel G. stearothermophilus isolate is particularly resistant to some of them. Functional and morphological analyses suggest that it is endowed with metal resistance systems for arsenic and cadmium detoxification.

scholarly journals A detailed study of the site effects in the volcanic area of Campi Flegrei using empirical approaches

2010 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 1073-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tramelli ◽  
Danilo Galluzzo ◽  
Edoardo Del Pezzo ◽  
Mauro A. Di Vito
Keyword(s):  
Site Effects ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Empirical Approaches

scholarly journals The influence of atmospheric circulation on the mid-Holocene climate of Europe: a data–model comparison

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1925-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mauri ◽  
B. A. S. Davis ◽  
P. M. Collins ◽  
J. O. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Atmospheric Dynamics ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Holocene Climate ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Recent Climate

Abstract. The atmospheric circulation is a key area of uncertainty in climate model simulations of future climate change, especially in mid-latitude regions such as Europe where atmospheric dynamics have a significant role in climate variability. It has been proposed that the mid-Holocene was characterized in Europe by a stronger westerly circulation in winter comparable with a more positive AO/NAO, and a weaker westerly circulation in summer caused by anti-cyclonic blocking near Scandinavia. Model simulations indicate at best only a weakly positive AO/NAO, whilst changes in summer atmospheric circulation have not been widely investigated. Here we use a new pollen-based reconstruction of European mid-Holocene climate to investigate the role of atmospheric circulation in explaining the spatial pattern of seasonal temperature and precipitation anomalies. We find that the footprint of the anomalies is entirely consistent with those from modern analogue atmospheric circulation patterns associated with a strong westerly circulation in winter (positive AO/NAO) and a weak westerly circulation in summer associated with anti-cyclonic blocking (positive SCAND). We find little agreement between the reconstructed anomalies and those from 14 GCMs that performed mid-Holocene experiments as part of the PMIP3/CMIP5 project, which show a much greater sensitivity to top-of-the-atmosphere changes in solar insolation. Our findings are consistent with data–model comparisons on contemporary timescales that indicate that models underestimate the role of atmospheric circulation in recent climate change, whilst also highlighting the importance of atmospheric dynamics in explaining interglacial warming.

Q c of three component seismograms of volcanic microearthquakes at Campi Flegrei volcanic area — Southern Italy

1985 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Del Pezzo ◽  
G. De Natale ◽  
G. Scarcella ◽  
A. Zollo
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area

Seismic sources and attenuation properties at the Campi Flegrei volcanic area

1987 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. De Natale ◽  
G. Iannaccone ◽  
M. Martini ◽  
A. Zollo
Keyword(s):  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Seismic Sources ◽  
Volcanic Area

scholarly journals Volcanic hazard and risk assessment in a multi-source volcanic area: the example of Napoli city (Southern Italy)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Alberico ◽  
P. Petrosino ◽  
L. Lirer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Volcanic Hazard ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Central Volcano ◽  
Field Frequency ◽  
Future Possibility ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment

Abstract. The possible emplacement of pyroclastic fall and flow products from Campi Flegrei and Somma-Vesuvio represents a threat for the population living in Napoli city. For this area, the volcanic hazard was always partially investigated to define the hazard related to the Campi Flegrei or to the Somma-Vesuvio activity one at a time. A new volcanic hazard and risk assessment, at the municipality scale, as a vital tool for decision-making about territorial management and future planning, is presented here. In order to assess the hazard related to the explosive activity of both sources, we integrated the results of field studies and numerical simulations, to evaluate the future possibility for Napoli to be hit by the products of an explosive eruption. This is defined for the Somma Vesuvio central volcano through the sum of "field frequency" based on the thickness and distribution of past deposits (Lirer et al., 2001), and for the Campi Flegrei volcanic field by suitably processing simulated events based on numerical modelling (Alberico et al., 2002; Costa et al., 2009). Aiming at volcanic risk assessment, the hazard areas were joined with the exposure map, considered for our purposes as the economical value of artefacts exposed to hazard. We defined four risk classes, and argued that the medium and low-very low risk classes have the largest extent in Napoli municipality, whereas only few zones located in the eastern part of the city and in the westernmost coastal area show a high risk, owing to the correspondence of high economical value and high hazard.

scholarly journals Rating global magnetosphere model simulations through statistical data-model comparisons

Space Weather ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 819-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ridley ◽  
D. L. De Zeeuw ◽  
L. Rastätter
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Model Comparisons

scholarly journals Surface Temperature Multiscale Monitoring by Thermal Infrared Satellite and Ground Images at Campi Flegrei Volcanic Area (Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Caputo ◽  
Eliana Bellucci Sessa ◽  
Malvina Silvestri ◽  
Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno ◽  
Massimo Musacchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Thermal Anomalies ◽  
Surface Temperatures

Land Surface Temperature (LST) from satellite data is a key component in many aspects of environmental research. In volcanic areas, LST is used to detect ground thermal anomalies providing a supplementary tool to monitor the activity status of a particular volcano. In this work, we describe a procedure aimed at identifying spatial thermal anomalies in thermal infrared (TIR) satellite frames which are corrected for the seasonal influence by using TIR images from ground stations. The procedure was applied to the volcanic area of Campi Flegrei (Italy) using TIR ASTER and Landsat 8 satellite imagery and TIR ground images acquired from the Thermal Infrared volcanic surveillance Network (TIRNet) (INGV, Osservatorio Vesuviano). The continuous TIRNet time-series images were processed to evaluate the seasonal component which was used to correct the surface temperatures estimated by the satellite’s discrete data. The results showed a good correspondence between de-seasoned time series of surface ground temperatures and satellite temperatures. The seasonal correction of satellite surface temperatures allows monitoring of the surface thermal field to be extended to all the satellite frames, covering a wide portion of Campi Flegrei volcanic area.

scholarly journals The Campi Flegrei Blind Test: Evaluating the Imaging Capability of Local Earthquake Tomography in a Volcanic Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Priolo ◽  
L. Lovisa ◽  
A. Zollo ◽  
G. Böhm ◽  
L. D'Auria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Structure ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Synthetic Dataset ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Local Earthquake ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University

During the 1982–1984 bradyseismic crises in the Campi Flegrei area (Italy), the University of Wisconsin deployed a network of seismological stations to record local earthquakes. In order to analyse the potential of the recorded data in terms of tomographic imaging, a blind test was recently set up and carried out in the framework of a research project. A model representing a hypothetical 3D structure of the area containing the Campi Flegrei caldera was also set up, and a synthetic dataset of time arrivals was in turn computed. The synthetic dataset consists of several thousand P- and S-time arrivals, computed at about fourteen stations. The tomographic inversion was performed by four independent teams using different methods. The teams had no knowledge of either the input velocity model or the earthquake hypocenters used to create the synthetic dataset. The results obtained by the different groups were compared and analysed in light of the true model. This work provides a thorough analysis of the earthquake tomography potential of the dataset recording the seismic activity at Campi Flegrei in the 1982–1984 period. It shows that all the tested earthquake tomography methods provide reliable low-resolution images of the background velocity field of the Campi Flegrei area, but with some differences. However, none of them succeeds in detecting the hypothetical structure details (i.e. with a size smaller than about 1.5–2 km), such as a magmatic chamber 4 km deep and especially the smaller, isolated bodies, which represent possible magmatic chimneys and intrusions.

scholarly journals Neapolitan volcanic area Tide Gauge Network (Southern Italy): Ground Displacements and Sea-Level Oscillations

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Umberto Tammaro ◽  
Francesco Obrizzo ◽  
Umberto Riccardi ◽  
Adriano La Rocca ◽  
Salvatore Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Sea Level Oscillations ◽  
Resolution Model

Abstract. In this study, we investigate the oscillations of relative sea level through the analysis of tide gauge records about 10-year long collected in the Gulfs of Pozzuoli and Napoli (Southern Italy). The main goal of this study is to provide a suitable resolution model of the sea tides including low frequency (seiches), tidal bands and non-linear tides. The spectral analyses of the tide gauge records lead us to identify a number of seiche periods some of them already known from the literature and some other unknown. Furthermore, we target a non-conventional purpose of the tidal analysis, namely extracting from the tide gauge records the volcano-tectonic signal (vertical ground displacement) in the resurgent Campi Flegrei caldera. We suggest a method to filter out the volcano-tectonic signal (bradyseism) from the tide gauge records by deconvolving it from two records, one collected in the active volcanic area (Pozzuoli) and the other one collected in a tectonically stable station (Napoli), located beyond the caldera rim. Finally, we retrieve the relative mean sea level change in the Gulf of Naples and compare it with the trend found in five tide gauges spread along the Italian coast.

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