scholarly journals Application of a Monopole Antenna Probe with an Optimized Flange Diameter for TDR Soil Moisture Measurement

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Jacek Majcher ◽  
Marcin Kafarski ◽  
Andrzej Wilczek ◽  
Aleksandra Woszczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Szypłowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Monopole Antenna ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulations ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Plant Root System

Soil volumetric water content (θ) is a parameter describing one of the most important factors conditioning proper plant growth. Monitoring soil moisture is of particular importance in the rational use of water resources for irrigation, especially during periods of water scarcity. This paper presents a method of measuring soil moisture in the vicinity of the plant root system by means of a probe designed to be mounted on a mobile device used for precise plant irrigation. Due to the specific field conditions of the measurement, the design of the probe was proposed as a monopole antenna. Electromagnetic simulations of the probe were carried out with Ansys HFSS software to optimise its dimensions. Then a prototype of the probe was manufactured to conduct laboratory measurements with the use of a vector network analyser (VNA) working in the 20 kHz to 8 GHz frequency range. The VNA analyser was configured to work in the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) mode. From measurements of the time distance between reflections from the probe’s elements it is possible to calculate the bulk dielectric permittivity of the soil surrounding the probe. Next, based on commonly used soil moisture dielectric calibrations one can determine θ of the soil sample. The paper presents simulation results and laboratory tests of an antenna probe. Due to its tough and durable design, this type of probe gives the possibility of easy application in field conditions, which makes it especially suitable for mechanically demanding measurement systems. As the sensitivity zone is comparatively large, this probe is well-suited to measuring soil moisture in the vicinity of the plant root system.

scholarly journals Root System Analysis and Influence of Moisture on Soil Electrical Properties

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6951
Author(s):  
Antonio M. Silva Filho ◽  
José R. S. Silva ◽  
Glaciano M. Fernandes ◽  
Lucas D. S. Morais ◽  
Antonio P. Coimbra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Root System ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Horizontal Layers

This paper proposes a methodology for plant root system and soil moisture analysis through the geoelectrical prospecting method. Overall, bench and field experiments are implemented to analyze the behavior of electrical conductivity of the soil in relation to moisture content and plant root system growth. Specifically, Wenner array and lateral profiling technique are used to stratify the soil in horizontal layers, performing in-depth analysis. Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) are used to analyze the root system behavior. Results show that the soil water dynamics can be observed through soil stratification in horizontal layers and the plant root system is correlated with apparent electrical conductivity of the soil. Thus, geoelectric prospecting methods can be used as an analysis tool, both of soil moisture dynamics and of plant roots, to support decision making regarding soil and crop management.

A 3D-printed, Arabidopsis Thaliana Root Imaging Platform

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Moussus ◽  
Matthias Meier
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
External Cues ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Analytical Tools

High resolution live imaging promises new insights into the cellular and molecular dynamics of the plant root system in response to external cues. Microfluidic platforms are valuable analytical tools that...

scholarly journals An easily operated apparatus to register the amount of the aqueous solution absorbed by a plant root system

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Czerski
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Plant Root System

An easily operated apparatus was constructed (figs. 1,2) allowing to register the amount of the aqueous solution absorbed by a planet root system. The device allows for simultaneous registering of the solution absorption by two plants. The recording of a definite volume of the absorbed solution can be controlled within wide limits. Experiments (figs. 3,4) confirmed the efficiency of the apparatus.

scholarly journals A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Thoen ◽  
Anders B. Aas ◽  
Unni Vik ◽  
Anne K. Brysting ◽  
Inger Skrede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Plant Root System

Evidence for Internalization of Escherichia coli into the Aerial Parts of Maize via the Root System†

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIRIT BERNSTEIN ◽  
SHLOMO SELA ◽  
RIKY PINTO ◽  
MARINA IOFFE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Monocotyledonous Plant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Plant Root System

Escherichia coli introduced into the hydroponic growing medium of maize plants was detected 48 h later in the shoot. Decapitation of root tips or severing of the plant root system at the root-shoot junction enhanced bacterial internalization. The density of the bacteria in shoots of plants with damaged roots or removed root systems was 27.8 and 23.9 times higher than that in plants with intact roots, respectively. The concentration of viable cells in the hydroponic solution decreased over time from 9.3 × 106 CFU/ml at the time of inoculation to 8.5 × 101 CFU/ml 4 days thereafter. The number of E. coli cells associated with the roots also decreased with time, but a significant decline appeared only at 4 days postinoculation. At the time of sampling for E. coli presence in the shoot, 102 CFU/ml was present in the nutrient solution and 8 × 103 CFU/g was associated with the roots. The present study is the first to demonstrate internalization of E. coli via the root in a monocotyledonous plant.

scholarly journals Local and Systemic Regulation of Plant Root System Architecture and Symbiotic Nodulation by a Receptor-Like Kinase

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e1004891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeline Huault ◽  
Carole Laffont ◽  
Jiangqi Wen ◽  
Kirankumar S. Mysore ◽  
Pascal Ratet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase ◽  
Plant Root System

scholarly journals DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING FOR EVALUATION OF PASPALUM MILLEGRANA SCHRAD ROOT SYSTEM1

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
AIRTON MARQUES DE CARVALHO ◽  
LUIZ DIEGO VIDAL SANTOS ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
ALCEU PEDROTTI ◽  
GUILHERME MATOS ANTONIO
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Ring Method ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Wall Method

ABSTRACT The characterization of the plant root system is of great importance for the understanding of its contribution to soil shear resistance, constituting an important tool for decision making in soil bioengineering works. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and distribution characteristics of the root system of Paspalum millegrana Schrad. grass in Entisol using Digital Imaging Processing (DIP). The data were obtained by opening a soil pit to expose the root system of Paspalum grass up to 1.70 m depth. The profile wall and volumetric ring methods were used to collect quantitative information of the root system. The SAFIRA software and the ArcMAP software belonging to the ArcGIS suite were used for image processing. The profile wall method showed that Paspalum grass has a large volume of roots in the first 0.40 m to 1.30 m soil depth. It was observed that the root length and volume of Paspalum grass reach depths beyond 1.70 m, which is important to increase soil resistance to erosion processes. The profile wall method when compared to the volumetric ring method proved to be more efficient to understand the behavior of the Paspalum grass root system since it enables an assessment of its spatial distribution with better detailing.

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