scholarly journals Skin Lesion Detection Algorithms in Whole Body Images

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6639
Author(s):  
Michał H. Strzelecki ◽  
Maria Strąkowska ◽  
Michał Kozłowski ◽  
Tomasz Urbańczyk ◽  
Dorota Wielowieyska-Szybińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Method ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Brightness Distribution ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Images ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Optical Images

Melanoma is one of the most lethal and rapidly growing cancers, causing many deaths each year. This cancer can be treated effectively if it is detected quickly. For this reason, many algorithms and systems have been developed to support automatic or semiautomatic detection of neoplastic skin lesions based on the analysis of optical images of individual moles. Recently, full-body systems have gained attention because they enable the analysis of the patient’s entire body based on a set of photos. This paper presents a prototype of such a system, focusing mainly on assessing the effectiveness of algorithms developed for the detection and segmentation of lesions. Three detection algorithms (and their fusion) were analyzed, one implementing deep learning methods and two classic approaches, using local brightness distribution and a correlation method. For fusion of algorithms, detection sensitivity = 0.95 and precision = 0.94 were obtained. Moreover, the values of the selected geometric parameters of segmented lesions were calculated and compared for all algorithms. The obtained results showed a high accuracy of the evaluated parameters (error of area estimation <10%), especially for lesions with dimensions greater than 3 mm, which are the most suspected of being neoplastic lesions.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Whole-Body MRI Short Protocols in Bone Lesion Detection in Multiple Myeloma Patients

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053
Author(s):  
Davide Ippolito ◽  
Teresa Giandola ◽  
Cesare Maino ◽  
Davide Gandola ◽  
Maria Ragusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Whole Body Mri ◽  
Mri Protocol

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of short whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) protocols for the overall assessment of bone marrow involvement in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), in comparison with standard whole-body MRI protocol. Patients with biopsy-proven MM, who underwent a WBMRI with full-body coverage (from vertex to feet) were retrospectively enrolled. WBMRI images were independently evaluated by two expert radiologists, in terms of infiltration patterns (normal, focal, diffuse, and combined), according to location (the whole skeleton was divided into six anatomic districts: skull, spine, sternum and ribs, upper limbs, pelvis and proximal two-thirds of the femur, remaining parts of lower limbs) and lytic lesions number (<5, 5–20, and >20). The majority of patients showed focal and combined infiltration patterns with bone lesions predominantly distributed in the spine and pelvis. As skull and lower limbs are less frequently involved by focal bone lesions, excluding them from the standard MRI protocol allows to obtain a shorter protocol, maintaining a good diagnostic value.

scholarly journals A Multi-Channel Uncertainty-Aware Multi-Resolution Network for MR to CT Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1667
Author(s):  
Kerstin Klaser ◽  
Pedro Borges ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Marta Ranzini ◽  
Marc Modat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Body Images ◽  
Image Translation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Synthetic Ct

Synthesising computed tomography (CT) images from magnetic resonance images (MRI) plays an important role in the field of medical image analysis, both for quantification and diagnostic purposes. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in image-to-image translation for brain applications. However, synthesising whole-body images remains largely uncharted territory, involving many challenges, including large image size and limited field of view, complex spatial context, and anatomical differences between images acquired at different times. We propose the use of an uncertainty-aware multi-channel multi-resolution 3D cascade network specifically aiming for whole-body MR to CT synthesis. The Mean Absolute Error on the synthetic CT generated with the MultiResunc network (73.90 HU) is compared to multiple baseline CNNs like 3D U-Net (92.89 HU), HighRes3DNet (89.05 HU) and deep boosted regression (77.58 HU) and shows superior synthesis performance. We ultimately exploit the extrapolation properties of the MultiRes networks on sub-regions of the body.

The lesion detection efficacy of deep learning on automatic breast ultrasound and factors affecting its efficacy: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Luo PhD ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Guoxue Tang ◽  
Yi Wang PhD ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Breast Ultrasound ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Handheld Ultrasound

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the detection efficacy of deep learning (DL) for automatic breast ultrasound (ABUS) and factors affecting its efficacy. Methods: Women who underwent ABUS and handheld ultrasound from May 2016 to June 2017 (N = 397) were enrolled and divided into training (n = 163 patients with breast cancer and 33 with benign lesions), test (n = 57) and control (n = 144) groups. A convolutional neural network was optimised to detect lesions in ABUS. The sensitivity and false positives (FPs) were evaluated and compared for different breast tissue compositions, lesion sizes, morphologies and echo patterns. Results: In the training set, with 688 lesion regions (LRs), the network achieved sensitivities of 93.8%, 97.2 and 100%, based on volume, lesion and patient, respectively, with 1.9 FPs per volume. In the test group with 247 LRs, the sensitivities were 92.7%, 94.5 and 96.5%, respectively, with 2.4 FPs per volume. The control group, with 900 volumes, showed 0.24 FPs per volume. The sensitivity was 98% for lesions > 1 cm3, but 87% for those ≤1 cm3 (p < 0.05). Similar sensitivities and FPs were observed for different breast tissue compositions (homogeneous, 97.5%, 2.1; heterogeneous, 93.6%, 2.1), lesion morphologies (mass, 96.3%, 2.1; non-mass, 95.8%, 2.0) and echo patterns (homogeneous, 96.1%, 2.1; heterogeneous 96.8%, 2.1). Conclusions: DL had high detection sensitivity with a low FP but was affected by lesion size. Advances in knowledge: DL is technically feasible for the automatic detection of lesions in ABUS.

scholarly journals Labeling of Salmonella Typhymurium with iodine-131 to study phagocytic function in rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Maria K. Sato ◽  
Aldo J. Rodrigues Junior ◽  
Edwaldo E. Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Scintillation Camera ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Body Images ◽  
System A ◽  
Carrier Free ◽  
Free Iodine ◽  
Iodine 131 ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System

The present study describes a method for labeling Salmonella typhymurium with iodine-131 to evaluate both the morphological and the functional characteristics of the reticulo-endothelial system. A suspension containing 2 x 10(9) bacteria per ml was labeled with carrier-free Na131I without reductor, with a labeling yield of 46.5 ± 3% and 3.5 ± 1.3% of free Iodine-131. The biodistribution of the labeled bacteria in rats was studied with a large field-of-view scintillation camera equiped with a pinhole collimator. Whole body images were obtained 15 and 30 minutes after intravenous injection of the labeled microorganisms. Images showed accumulation of bacteria in the liver and both normal and transplanted spleens of the animals. Autoradiographs of liver and spleen demonstrated labeled bacteria within the cells of the reticulo-endothelial system. The method described is easy to perform, has a good labeling yield and allows the functional evaluation of the reticulo-monophagocytic system, including transplanted spleens.

scholarly journals Redesigning Skin Cancer Early Detection and Care Using a New Mobile Health Application: Protocol of the SKIN Research Project, a Randomised Controlled Trial

Dermatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Janda ◽  
Caitlin Horsham ◽  
Uyen Koh ◽  
Nicole Gillespie ◽  
Lois J. Loescher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Patients often detect melanoma themselves; therefore, regular skin self-examinations (SSEs) play an important role in the early detection and prompt treatment of melanoma. Mobile teledermoscopy is a technology that may facilitate consumer SSEs and rapid communication with a dermatologist. This paper describes the planned randomised controlled trial of an intervention to determine whether mobile technologies can help improve the precision of SSE in consumers. A randomised controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate mobile teledermoscopy-enhanced SSE versus naked-eye SSE. Participants in each group will conduct three home whole-body SSEs at baseline, 1 and 2 months, then present for a clinical skin examination (CSE) by a doctor after the 2-month SSE. Specifically, participants will identify skin lesions that meet the AC (asymmetry and colour) rule for detecting a suspicious skin spot. The primary outcomes are sensitivity and specificity of the skin lesions selected by the participants as needing attention by a doctor, compared to the clinical diagnosis by the dermatologist that will serve as the reference standard for this analysis. For the mobile teledermoscopy-enhanced SSE group, researchers will assess the number, location and type of lesions (1) sent by the participant via mobile teledermoscopy, (2) found at CSE or (3) missed by the participant. For the naked-eye SSE group, researchers will assess the number, location and type of lesions (1) recorded on their body chart by the participant, (2) found at CSE or (3) missed by the participant. Secondary outcomes are based on participants’ self-reported data via online questionnaires.

Rate of loss of radioiron from mouse and man

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Bonnet ◽  
Alan L. Orvis ◽  
Albert B. Hagedorn ◽  
Charles A. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
The Difference

Forty-two male and female mice, 8 weeks old, were given radioiron (Fe59) in doses of 0.006–0.1 µc, containing 0.013–0.17 µg of iron, by intraperitoneal or intravenous routes. Assays of the radioactivity of the whole body revealed an initial rapid loss of Fe59 (15–20%) lasting about 6 days. Thereafter the Fe59 left the mice at a steady rate of 0.39%/day (half-life 180 days). One 34-year-old normal man was given 10.6 µc of Fe59, containing 8.2 µg of iron, intravenously. Based on counts from the entire body, the biologic rate of loss of the Fe59 was about 0.14%/day (half-life 500 days), and there was little or no initial loss such as occurred in the mouse. The Fe59 in the circulating erythrocytes was essentially unchanged for the first 3 months. It then fell to a new level of about 90% of the previous one; the mid-point of the fall was about 120 days after the administration of the radioiron. The difference in the rates of loss of radioiron from mice and man seems to be related primarily to the life span of the circulating red cells.

scholarly journals Pemphigoid Gestationis after Spontaneous Expulsion of a Massive Complete Hydatidiform Mole

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Matsumoto ◽  
Marie Osada ◽  
Kou Kaneko ◽  
Ken Ohara ◽  
Daito Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Complete Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Pemphigoid Gestationis ◽  
Spontaneous Expulsion ◽  
Hydatidiform Moles

Pemphigoid gestationis (PG) is a rare, perinatal, autoimmune, and blistering dermatosis. Only few cases of PG involving hydatidiform moles have been reported. Complete hydatidiform moles are usually evacuated by dilatation and curettage. We report a patient with a massive complete hydatidiform mole that underwent spontaneous expulsion; she subsequently developed PG. A 19-year-old unmarried nulligravid woman was referred to our hospital following excessive vaginal bleeding after an uncertain amenorrheal period. The patient presented with preshock vital signs, severe anemia, and a positive urine pregnancy test. Imaging examinations revealed a massive intrauterine mass (19 × 15 × 10 cm), suggesting a complete hydatidiform mole. She was hospitalized and treated with blood transfusion. Sixteen hours after hospitalization, the massive molar mass underwent spontaneous expulsion and bleeding ceased. Three days after the expulsion, she developed pruritic skin lesions including papules, erythemas, and bullae, which spread over her entire body. Skin biopsy revealed PG and subepidermal blister formation and linear complement C3 deposition along the basement membrane zone, and the serum anti-BP180 antibody level was found to be high on measurement. She was effectively treated with 50 mg/day of oral prednisolone. Her skin lesions disappeared, leaving pigmentation.

Crotamiton Cream and Lotion in the Treatment of Infants and Young Children with Scabies

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Konstantinov ◽  
L Stanoeva ◽  
S J Yawalkar
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Systemic Absorption ◽  
Treatment Schedule ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Fifty hospitalized infants and small children in the age-group of 3 months to 2 years admitted with scabies were treated with 5 applications of either 10% crotamiton cream or lotion on consecutive days. In this trial, the second to be performed exclusively in infants and young children, an improvement in itching was observed in all patients within 3 days of starting the treatment and the examination on Day 7 showed absence of skin lesions in all patients. Crotamiton cream as well as lotion rendered a 100% cure rate. All patients, including those having secondary pyoderma and/or eczematization tolerated the treatment with crotamiton cream and lotion well and no adverse reactions, either due to the topical application or to the transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton, were reported. Post-treatment laboratory investigations did not reveal any unwanted effect due to transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton on the blood, kidneys or liver. Crotamiton is the only scabicide available today which displays not only antipruritic but also marked antibacterial properties. It is especially indicated in the treatment of scabies in children as they are very prone to secondary bacterial infection following scratching. In view of its good efficacy and excellent tolerability the 5-application treatment schedule, with crotamiton cream applied to the whole body from the chin downward, can therefore be recommended as an optimum form of treatment for scabies in infants and young children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document