scholarly journals Development of an Algorithm for an Automatic Determination of the Soil Field Capacity Using of a Portable Weighing Lysimeter

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7203
Author(s):  
Manuel Soler-Méndez ◽  
Dolores Parras-Burgos ◽  
Adrián Cisterne-López ◽  
Estefanía Mas-Espinosa ◽  
Diego S. Intrigliolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Crop Water Consumption ◽  
Accurate Quantification ◽  
Agriculture Water ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

The challenge today is to optimize agriculture water consumption and minimize leaching of pollutants in agro-ecosystems in order to ensure a sustainable agriculture. The use of different technologies and the adoption of different irrigation strategies can facilitate efficient fertigation management. In this respect, the determination of soil field capacity point is of utmost importance. The use of a portable weighing lysimeter allows an accurate quantification of crop water consumption and water leaching, as well as the detection of soil field capacity point. In this work, a novel algorithm is developed to obtain the soil field capacity point, in order to give autonomy and objectivity to efficient irrigation management using a portable weighing lysimeter. The development was tested in field grown horticultural crops and proved to be useful for optimizing irrigation management.

scholarly journals DETERMINAÇÃO DO COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO PARA A CULTURA DO RABANETE ATRAVÉS DE LISIMETRIA DE DRENAGEM

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvis Da Silva Alves ◽  
Dayane Farias Lima ◽  
José Adeilson Santos Barreto ◽  
Daniella Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Aurélio Lins dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Crop Water Consumption ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
The City ◽  
E Mail

DETERMINAÇÃO DO COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO PARA A CULTURA DO RABANETE ATRAVÉS DE LISIMETRIA DE DRENAGEM  ELVIS DA SILVA ALVES1; DAYANE FARIAS LIMA2; JOSÉ ADEILSON SANTOS BARRETO3; DANIELLA PEREIRA DOS SANTOS4 E MÁRCIO AURÉLIO LINS DOS SANTOS5 [1] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutorando em Engenharia Agrícola UFV/Viçosa – MG, e-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônoma, Mestranda em Engenharia Agrícola UFRPE/Recife – PE, e-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, UFAL/Campus Arapiraca – AL, e-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônoma, Doutoranda em Engenharia Agrícola UFRPE/Recife – PE, e-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Professor UFAL/Campus Arapiraca – AL, e-mail: [email protected]  1        RESUMO O coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) está diretamente ligado as características fenológicas e fisiológicas das culturas. O grande problema em manejar a irrigação pelo método em que o relaciona com a Evapotranspiração de referência (ET0) está na obtenção de valores de Kc que sejam condizentes com as condições da localidade do cultivo. Apesar dos lisímetros de pesagem serem mais confiáveis, lisímetros de drenagem quando bem manejados permitem a obtenção de resultados confiáveis da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), que em razão com a ET0 resulta no Kc. Com isso, este trabalho teve como objetivo monitorar o consumo hídrico da cultura do rabanete para determinação dos coeficientes de cultivo no município de Arapiraca – AL, utilizando lisimetria de drenagem. O trabalho foi conduzido na área experimental do Campus de Arapiraca da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, onde foram instalados três lisímetros de drenagem em uma área experimental com dimensões de 5,00 x 2,00 m de comprimento e largura, respectivamente. A ETc foi determinada pelo método do balanço hídrico, e a ET0 pelo método de Penman Monteith-FAO. O monitoramento do consumo de água da cultura do rabanete para as condições locais da cidade de Arapiraca pode ser realizado de forma confiável através da lisimetria de drenagem. Os coeficientes de cultivo (Kc) do rabanete para Arapiraca determinados através deste trabalho foram de 0,45; 0,55; 0,95 e 0,65, para os estádios I, II, III e IV respectivamente. O estádio de desenvolvimento responsável pelo maior consumo hídrico do rabanete foi estádio III, com consumo de 15 mm. A evapotranspiração da cultura do rabanete durante todo o ciclo foi de 39 mm. Palavras-chave: Manejo de irrigação, evapotranspiração, consumo hídrico.  ALVES. E. S.; LIMA, D. F.; BARRETO, J. A. S.; SANTOS, D. P.; SANTOS, M. A. L.DETERMINATION OF CULTIVATION COEFFICIENT TO RADISH CULTURE USING DRAINAGE LYSIMETRY     2      ABSTRACT The cultivation coefficient (Kc) is directly connected to phenological and physiological characteristics of cultures. The major problem in managing the irrigation method that relates it to ET0 is in getting Kc values that are consistent with the conditions of the location of cultivation. Though weighing lysimeters are more reliable, drainage lysimeters when well managed allow the obtention of reliable results of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), which, in ration with  ET0 results in Kc. Therefore, this study aimed to monitor the radish crop water consumption for determining crop coefficients in the city of Arapiraca - AL, using drainage lysimeters. The work was conducted in the experimental area of Arapiraca Campus of the Federal University of Alagoas, where three drainage lysimeters were installed in an experimental area with dimensions of 5.00 x 2.00 m in length and width, respectively. The ETc was determined by the water balance method, and the ET0 Penman Monteith-FAO. The monitoring of water consumption of the radish culture for the local conditions of Arapiraca can be carried out reliably through drainage lysimetry. Crop coefficients (Kc) of Radish for Arapiraca determined by this study were 0.45; 0.55; 0.95 and 0.65, for stages I, II, III and IV respectively. The stage of development responsible for higher water consumption by radish was stage III, with consumption of 15 mm. The radish crop evapotranspiration throughout the cycle was 39 mm. Keywords: Irrigation management, evapotranspiration, water consumption.

scholarly journals Characterization and Quantification of Selenoprotein P: Challenges to Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6283
Author(s):  
Jérémy Lamarche ◽  
Luisa Ronga ◽  
Joanna Szpunar ◽  
Ryszard Lobinski
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Selenoprotein P ◽  
Primary Standards ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Careful Investigation ◽  
Accurate Quantification

Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is an emerging marker of the nutritional status of selenium and of various diseases, however, its chemical characteristics still need to be investigated and methods for its accurate quantitation improved. SELENOP is unique among selenoproteins, as it contains multiple genetically encoded SeCys residues, whereas all the other characterized selenoproteins contain just one. SELENOP occurs in the form of multiple isoforms, truncated species and post-translationally modified variants which are relatively poorly characterized. The accurate quantification of SELENOP is contingent on the availability of specific primary standards and reference methods. Before recombinant SELENOP becomes available to be used as a primary standard, careful investigation of the characteristics of the SELENOP measured by electrospray MS and strict control of the recoveries at the various steps of the analytical procedures are strongly recommended. This review critically discusses the state-of-the-art of analytical approaches to the characterization and quantification of SELENOP. While immunoassays remain the standard for the determination of human and animal health status, because of their speed and simplicity, mass spectrometry techniques offer many attractive and complementary features that are highlighted and critically evaluated.

Recovery Technology of Zinc from Hydrometallurgical Zinc Residues

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 620-623
Author(s):  
Ya Li Zhang ◽  
Xian Jin Yu ◽  
Xiao Na Guo ◽  
Xiao Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Zn Content

In this work, it was aimed to select and propose a feasible as well as an applicable method, or series of methods for the extraction of zinc. After determination of the components of the residue, water leaching, acid leaching and roasting-leaching were performed to reclaim Zn. Roasting-leaching was found to be effectively for Zn extraction by controlling acid mass, roasting duration and temperature as parameters. At the optimum conditions, 0.7 times the amount of H2SO4 at 250 °C for 150 min in roasting, 82.05% of initial Zn content was extracted.

Determination of domestic flushing water consumption in Hong Kong

Facilities ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.T. Wong ◽  
K.W. Mui
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Water Consumption

scholarly journals A Compact Weighing Lysimeter to Estimate the Water Infiltration Rate in Agricultural Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Laura Ávila-Dávila ◽  
Manuel Soler-Méndez ◽  
Carlos Francisco Bautista-Capetillo ◽  
Julián González-Trinidad ◽  
Hugo Enrique Júnez-Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

Infiltration estimation is made by tests such as concentric cylinders, which are prone to errors, such as the lateral movement under the ring. Several possibilities have been developed over the last decades to compensate these errors, which are based on physical, electronic, and mathematical principles. In this research, two approaches are proposed to measure the water infiltration rate in a silty loam soil by means of the mass values of a lysimeter weighing under rainfall conditions and different moisture contents. Based on the fact that with the lysimeter it is possible to determine acting soil flows very precisely, then with the help of mass conservation and assuming a downward vertical movement, 12 rain events were analyzed. In addition, it was possible to monitor the behavior of soil moisture and to establish the content at field capacity from the values of the weighing lysimeter, from which both approach are based. The infiltration rate of these events showed a variable rate at the beginning of the rainfall until reaching a maximum, to descend to a stable or basic rate. This basic infiltration rate was 1.49 ± 0.36 mm/h, and this is because soils with fine textures have reported low infiltration capacity. Four empirical or semi-empirical models of infiltration were calibrated with the values obtained with our approaches, showing a better fit with the Horton’s model.

scholarly journals Determination of a long-term optimal irrigation strategy for dry beans in Parana State, Brazil

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (spe) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.T. de Faria ◽  
M.V. Folegatti ◽  
J.A. Frizzone ◽  
A.M. Saad
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Irrigation Strategy ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Net Return

The economical benefits of different irrigation strategies were assessed by long term simulation (20 years) for dry beans in Paraná, Brazil. The model BEANGRO was used to simulate crop yield and irrigation requirements assuming eight levels of irrigation threshold (20 to 90% of the remaining soil available water in steps of 10%), in addition to a level considering no irrigation. Net return was the objective function to select the optimum irrigation management strategy, assuming fixed and stochastic distributions of historical product price. The results showed that yield was significantly increased by irrigation despite a high variability for all the simulation strategies, due to variations on growth conditions over the years. Although the net return was highly variable, it was positive in 75% of the years for all strategies with threshold values higher than 30%. The strategy of irrigating the crop before the soil reaches 60% AW provided the maximum economical benefits. The high profit using this improved strategy justifies the practice of irrigation for beans in Paraná.

scholarly journals Farmers’ participation in Water User Association in western Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Gholamrezai ◽  
Fatemeh Sepahvand
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
User Association ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water User ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Agriculture Water

AbstractOne of the main challenges of water scarcity is the water consumption in the agriculture sector. Therefore, optimizing water consumption and applying an optimal management in the agriculture sector is necessary. The implementation of a participatory management of water resources in the rural areas and the creation of Water User Association (WUA) can be a successful approach towards this management. That requires the continuity of the management, the comprehensive participation of farmers, and the exploitation of water resources; however, this action needs to understand the factors affecting the behavior of consumers. Thus identifying the factors influencing farmers’ intentions towards participation in WUA is essential. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting farmers' intentions towards participation in water user association, by theory of planned behavior (TPB). There are 21 agriculture water pumping stations active in Lorestan Province. Farmers at each agriculture water pumping stations make up a Water User Association. The population of this study consisted of all WUAs in western Iran (N = 1990), and through a proportional stratified random sampling technique farmers were selected (N = 133) from the population. Moreover, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated at pre-test stage for different parts of the questionnaire ranging from 0.83 until 0.91. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 software. The results revealed that there were effective variables including subjective norm, attitude, and extension training courses which contributed to the importance of participation in the water management, and that the educational level of farmer was a controlled variable that could affect farmers' attitudes towards participating in Water User Association; these factors could explain 53% of farmers' participation totally.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA COBERTURA MORTA NA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO, COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DE ÁGUA DO MILHO CULTIVADO EM CERRADO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
HIPÓLITO MURGA-ORRILLO ◽  
WELLINGTON FARIAS ARAUJO ◽  
CARLOS ABANTO RODRIGUEZ ◽  
RICARDO MANUEL BARDALES LOZANO ◽  
ROBERTO TADASHI SAKAZAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Use Efficiency

INFLUÊNCIA DA COBERTURA MORTA NA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO, COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DE ÁGUA DO MILHO CULTIVADO EM CERRADO HIPÓLITO MURGA-ORRILLO1; WELLINGTON FARIAS ARAÚJO2; CARLOS ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ3; ROBERTO TADASHI SAKAZAKI4; RICARDO MANUEL BARDALES-LOZANO5 E ANA ROSA POLO-VARGAS6 1Engenheiro Agrônomo, Prof. Auxiliar, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, (UNACH), Jr. Gregorio Malca Nº 875- Campus Colpa Matara, Chota, Perú. [email protected] Agrônomo, Prof. Dr. Associado da UFRR/CCA, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Florestal, Investigador no Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Carretera Federico Basadre, Km 12,400, Yarinacocha, Ucayali, Perú. [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutorando na UFRR/CCA, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutorando na UFRR/Bionorte, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Agrônoma, Graduada na Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, (UNC), Av. Atahualpa Nº 1050- Carretera Cajamarca-Baños del Inca, Cajamarca, Perú. [email protected]  1 RESUMOA irrigação consome grande quantidade de água, sendo importante um adequado manejo da cultura para minimizar esse consumo, maximizando a produção. No intuito de obter informações para o manejo da irrigação, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho determinar a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), o coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) e a eficiência do uso de água (EUAg) da cultura de milho, em solo com e sem cobertura, durante os diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, utilizando lisímetros de drenagem. O experimento foi conduzido no campus Cauamé da Universidade Federal de Roraima, entre 19/04/2014 e 07/08/2014, em Boa Vista, RR. A evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) foi estimada pelo método de Penman-Monteith FAO. Os resultados da ETc do milho, durante o ciclo da cultura, em solo sem e com cobertura foram de 421,5 e 351,0 mm, respectivamente. As médias diárias de ETc foram de 4,1 mm dia-1 para solo sem cobertura e 3,4 mm dia-1 para solo com cobertura. A cobertura do solo propiciou valores diferentes de Kc's para o milho, nos mesmos estádios, em comparação aos Kc’s do solo descoberto. Para o solo descoberto, os Kc’s observados para os estádios fenológicos I, II, III, e IV, foram de 0,40; 0,84; 1,59 e 0,81, respectivamente. Já para solo com cobertura, os Kc’s pelos mesmos estádios em menção foram 0,28; 0,64; 1,49 e 0,48, respectivamente. A EUAg para solo com cobertura foi 1,77 kg m-3 e para solo sem cobertura foi 1,65 kg m-3. Estes resultados mostram que a cobertura morta no solo influenciou no consumo hídrico do milho durante todo seu ciclo. Palavras-chave: Zea mays. Irrigação. Solo coberto. Consumo hídrico.  MURGA-ORRILLO, H.; ARAÚJO, W. F.; ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ C.; SAKAZAKI, R. T.; BARDALES-LOZANO R. M.; POLO-VARGAS, A. R.MULCH INFLUENCE ON EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, CROP COEFFICIENT AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CORN GROWN IN THE SAVANNAH   2 ABSTRACTIrrigation consumes large amounts of water, and minimizing consumption and maximizing the production are  important to a proper crop management . In order to obtain information for irrigation management, the aim of the present study was to determine evapotranspiration (ETc),  crop coefficient (Kc) and  water use efficiency (WUE) of maize grown in soil with and without cover, during the various stages of development, using drainage lysimeters. The experiment was conducted in Cauamé campus of the Federal University of Roraima, from 19/04/2014 to 08/07/2014, in Boa Vista, RR. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method. The results of the corn ETc during the crop cycle in soil with and without coverage were 421.5 and 351.0 mm, respectively. The daily average of ETc were 4.1 mm day-1 for bare soil and 3.4 mm day-1 for soil with cover. The ground cover led to different values of Kc's for corn in the same stages as compared to Kc's from the bare ground. For bare soil, the Kc's observed for the phenological stages I, II, III, and IV were 0.40; 0.84; 1.59 and 0.81, respectively. As for covered soil, the Kc's in the same stadiums mentioned were 0.28; 0.64; 1.49 and 0.48, respectively. The WUE to soil with cover was 1.77 kg m-3 and ground without cover was 1.65 kg m-3. These results show that  soil mulching influenceS maize water consumption throughout its cycle. Keywords: Zea mays. Irrigation. Ground covered. Water consumption.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN WAKTU TANAM PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN SANGIHE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SIMULASI SHIERARY RICE

EUGENIA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Fattah ◽  
J. E.X. Rogi ◽  
Mariam M. Toding
Keyword(s):  
Cost Savings ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
The North ◽  
Humidity Field

ABSTRACT   Decline in rice production in Sangihe Island partly due to climate change and the implementation of a less precise planting time. Rice Shierary  model was used to predict the timing of planting paddy and has advantages in time and cost savings. This study aims to determine the exact time of planting in paddy rice crops in the district of South Manganitu, North Tabukan and Tamako, as well as to determine whether the results of the simulation model Shierary Rice together with the results obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistic Sangihe Islands. Input model consists of solar radiation, rainfall, temperature and humidity, field capacity, permanent wilting point, varieties, irrigation, nitrogen fertilization, longitude and latitude of the study area. While the output was paddy rice yield potential. It can be concluded that (a) the appropriate planting time of paddy in the South Manganitu namely in June with a potential yield of 4.25 tonha-1 and March with a potential yield of 3.88 tonha-1. (b) the appropriate planting time of paddy in the  North Tabukan namely in June with a potential yield of 4.27 tonha-1 and March with a potential yield of 3.62 tonha-1. (c) the appropriate planting time of paddy in Tamako ie in March with a potential yield of 3.58 tonha-1 and February with a potential yield of 3.28 tonha-1. (d) the yield of rice field paddy with the determination of planting time by using the model of Shierary Rice nearing/line with productivity results which obtained by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) Sangihe Islands. Keywords: planting, paddy, simulation models, Shierary Rice

scholarly journals Winter wheat crop water consumption and its effect on yields in southern Romania, in the very dry 2019-2020 agricultural year

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 12309
Author(s):  
Mihai BERCA ◽  
Valentina-Ofelia ROBESCU ◽  
Roxana HOROIAS
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Winter Wheat Crop ◽  
Crop Water Consumption

Researches on winter wheat in the south part of Romanian Plain during the dry years 2019 and 2020 have been focused on the crop water consumption issue in excessive conditions of air and soil drought. The wheat crop water consumption in the research sites (Calarasi and Teleorman counties), for the entire vegetation period, autumn – spring – summer, is between 1000 and 1050 m3 of water for each ton of wheat produced. Only in the spring-summer period, the wheat extracts a quantity of about 5960 m3 ha-1, i.e. 851 m3 t-1. The useful water reserve is normally located at about 1500 m3/ha-1, at a soil depth of 0-150 cm. In the spring of 2020, it has been below 400 m3 ha-1, so that at the beginning of May the soil moisture had almost reached the wilting coefficient (WC). Wheat plants have been able to survive the thermal and water shock of late spring - early summer, due to enhanced thermal alternation between air and soil. For a period of about 34 days, this alternation brought the plants 1-1.5 mm water, i.e. approximately 442 m3 ha-1, which allowed the prolongation of the plant’s agony until the rains of the second half of May. Yields have been, depending on the variety, between 1500 and 3000 kg ha-1, in average, covering only 60% of the crop costs. Other measures to save water in the soil have also been proposed in the paper.

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