scholarly journals Pyroelectric Nanogenerator Based on an SbSI–TiO2 Nanocomposite

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Krystian Mistewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Pyroelectric Coefficient ◽  
Temperature Change Rate ◽  
Pyroelectric Current ◽  
Antimony Sulfoiodide ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time

For the first time, a composite of ferroelectric antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) nanowires and non-ferroelectric titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles was applied as a pyroelectric nanogenerator. SbSI nanowires were fabricated under ultrasonic treatment. Sonochemical synthesis was performed in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. The mean lateral dimension da = 68(2) nm and the length La = 2.52(7) µm of the SbSI nanowires were determined. TiO2 nanoparticles served as binders in the synthesized nanocomposite, which allowed for the preparation of dense films via the simple drop-casting method. The SbSI–TiO2 nanocomposite film was sandwiched between gold and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The Curie temperature of TC = 294(2) K was evaluated and confirmed to be consistent with the data reported in the literature for ferroelectric SbSI. The SbSI–TiO2 device was subjected to periodic thermal fluctuations. The measured pyroelectric signals were highly correlated with the temperature change waveforms. The magnitude of the pyroelectric current was found to be a linear function of the temperature change rate. The high value of the pyroelectric coefficient p = 264(7) nC/(cm2·K) was determined for the SbSI–TiO2 nanocomposite. When the rate of temperature change was equal dT/dt = 62.5 mK/s, the maximum and average surface power densities of the SbSI–TiO2 nanogenerator reached 8.39(2) and 2.57(2) µW/m2, respectively.

scholarly journals Microwave Spectroscopic Detection of Human Hsp70 Protein on Annealed Gold Nanostructures on ITO Glass Strips

Biosensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Rodica Ionescu ◽  
Raphael Selon ◽  
Nicolas Pocholle ◽  
Lan Zhou ◽  
Anna Rumyantseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Conductive Glass ◽  
Hsp70 Protein ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ito Glass ◽  
First Time ◽  
Human Heat Shock Protein

Conductive indium-tin oxide (ITO) and non-conductive glass substrates were successfully modified with embedded gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) formed by controlled thermal annealing at 550 °C for 8 h in a preselected oven. The authors characterized the formation of AuNPs using two microscopic techniques: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The analytical performances of the nanostructured-glasses were compared regarding biosensing of Hsp70, an ATP-driven molecular chaperone. In this work, the human heat-shock protein (Hsp70), was chosen as a model biomarker of body stress disorders for microwave spectroscopic investigations. It was found that microwave screening at 4 GHz allowed for the first time the detection of 12 ng/µL/cm2 of Hsp70.

scholarly journals PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF PHENOL WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLES AND ETHYL-3,3,5,5-TETRACIANO-2-HYDROXIDE-2-METIL-4,6-DIPHENYL CYCLOHEXANE CARBOXYLATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
E.M. Gadirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
Cyclohexane Carboxylate ◽  
Photochemical Decomposition ◽  
First Time

The photochemical decomposition of phenol with the participation of TiO2 nano-particles and ethyl-3,3,5,5-tetraciano-2-hydroxide-2-metil-4,6-diphenyl cyclohexane carboxylate by UV spectroscopy was studied for the first time. It has been shown, that UV irradiation of this mixture during 1 hour brings to 52% decomposition of phenol

Oxidative Stress and Metabolism: A Mechanistic Insight for Glyphosate Toxicology

2022 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-639
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Wang ◽  
Qirong Lu ◽  
Jingchao Guo ◽  
Irma Ares ◽  
Marta Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Toxicity Mechanism ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time ◽  
Exogenous Substances

Glyphosate (GLYP) is a widely used pesticide; it is considered to be a safe herbicide for animals and humans because it targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase. However, there has been increasing evidence that GLYP causes varying degrees of toxicity. Moreover, oxidative stress and metabolism are highly correlated with toxicity. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the toxicity of GLYP and, for the first time, systematically summarizes the toxicity mechanism of GLYP from the perspective of oxidative stress, including GLYP-mediated oxidative damage, changes in antioxidant status, altered signaling pathways, and the regulation of oxidative stress by exogenous substances. In addition, the metabolism of GLYP is discussed, including metabolites,metabolic pathways, metabolic enzymes, and the toxicity of metabolites. This review provides new ideas for the toxicity mechanism of GLYP and proposes effective strategies for reducing its toxicity.

scholarly journals Model Experimental Study of Carbon Fiber Heating Wire for Deicing and Snow Melting on a Bridge Deck

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yan Tan ◽  
Yuntao Zhu ◽  
Henglin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
Snow Melting ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Temperature Change Rate ◽  
Heating Wire

In order to use the carbon fiber heating wire more efficiently and safely, the influence of the built-in carbon fiber heating wires (CFHWs) on the temperature changes of the bridge deck is studied in this paper. The model experiments of the temperature rise and ice melting are carried out in a room with low temperature cold storage environment, and the temperature variation of the specimens under different ambient temperatures, namely, −2, −4, and −8°C, was measured. The results show that, in the temperature rise experiment, the temperature change rate of the measuring points of the surface layer in the central part above CFHW is the most obvious, with the temperature change rate of 2.123°C/h; owing to the limited radiation range of CFHW, the temperature change rate of the measuring points between the CFHW and the CFHW of the surface layer decreases significantly, with a value of 0.703°C/h, and the temperature of the measuring points of the heating layer where CFHW is located shows a nearly linear increase, with a temperature change rate of 1.313°C/h. The temperature of the bridge deck is basically above 0°C as most of the heat generated by CFHW is transferred to the bridge deck after heating, which can effectively prevent the bridge deck from freezing. In the ice melting experiment, the temperature change rate of the measuring points of the surface layer in the central part above the CFHW is 1.406°C/h, and the maximum temperature change rate of the measuring points between the CFHW and CFHW of the surface layer is 0.408°C/h. The overall ice melting condition on the specimen surface is appreciable. When the heating power is set to 190 W/m2, the influence of the ambient temperature on the measuring points of the surface layer is negligible, but the influence of the ice melting rate at different positions from the heating wire is obvious. Therefore, it can be seen that optimizing the layout of the CFHW can effectively improve the whole uniformity and efficiency of ice melting of the bridge deck. The results from relevant research can provide a reference for the design and operation of deicing and snow melting applications on a bridge deck.

scholarly journals Multi-static spatial and angular studies of polar mesospheric summer echoes combining MAARSY and KAIRA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Chau ◽  
Derek McKay ◽  
Juha P. Vierinen ◽  
Cesar La Hoz ◽  
Thomas Ulich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Receiver Array ◽  
Schmidt Numbers ◽  
Summer Echoes ◽  
Imaging Receiver ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSEs) have been long associated with Noctilucent clouds (NLCs). For large ice particles sizes and relatively high ice densities, PMSE and NLCs have been shown to be highly correlated at 3-m Bragg wavelengths and are known to be good tracers of the atmospheric wind dynamics. Combining the Middle Atmosphere ALOMAR Radar System (MAARSY) and the Kilpisjärvi Atmospheric Imaging Receiver Array (KAIRA), i.e., monostatic and bistatic observations, we show for the first time direct evidence of limited-volume PMSE structures drifting more than 90 km almost unchanged. These structures are shown to have widths of 5–15 km and are separated by 20–60 kms, consistent with structures due to atmospheric waves previously observed in NLCs from the ground and from space. Given the lower sensitivity of KAIRA, the observed features are attributed to echoes from regions with high Schmidt numbers that provide a large radar cross-section. The bistatic geometry allows us to determine an upper value for the angular sensitivity of PMSE echoes at meter scales. We find no evidence for strong aspect sensitivity for PMSE echoes, which is consistent with recent observations using radar imaging approaches. Our results indicate that multi-static all-sky interferometric radar observations of PMSE could be a powerful tool for studying mesospheric wind-fields within large geographic areas.

Simulation of Nonlinear Pyroelectric Response of Ferroelectrics near Phase Transition: Fractional Differential Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 843-848
Author(s):  
L. Moroz ◽  
Anna Maslovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Pyroelectric Coefficient ◽  
Ferroelectric Crystal ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Differential Approach ◽  
Thermal Distribution ◽  
Pyroelectric Current ◽  
Fractional Differential ◽  
Ferroelectric Single Crystal ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Pyroelectric Response

The paper is devoted to mathematical modeling pyroelectric current of ferroelectric single crystal under the conditions of intensive light heating in view of fractal behavior of these materials. The proposed approach is based on numerical simulation of thermal distribution in a ferroelectric sample using time fractional operator as well as computation of pyroelectric response. The simulation results for typical TGS ferroelectric crystal were described in one-dimensional case of the model in comparison with experimental data. Pyroelectric signals depending on temperature pyroelectric coefficient and thermal physical characteristics were also analyzed.

TWO-ELECTRON SYSTEM IN THE FIELD OF GENERALIZED SCREENED POTENTIAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 1619-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIJIT GHOSHAL ◽  
Y. K. HO
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Electron System ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Screening Parameter ◽  
System Ground State ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ground State Energies

Ground states of a two-electron system in generalized screened potential (GSP) with screening parameter λ: [Formula: see text] where ∊ is a constant, have been investigated. Employing highly correlated and extensive wave functions in Ritz's variational principle, we have been able to determine accurate ground state energies and wave functions of a two-electron system for different values of the screening parameter λ and the constant ∊. Convergence of the ground state energies with the increase of the number of terms in the wave function are shown. We also report various geometrical expectation values associated with the system, ground state energies of the corresponding one-electron system and the ionization potentials of the system. Such a calculation for the ground state of a two-electron system in GSP is carried out for first time in the literature.

Pyroelectric Properties of Alanine Doped TGS Single Crystalline Thick Films under Constant Electric Stress

2001 ◽  
Vol 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Pintilie ◽  
Ion Matei ◽  
Ioana Pintilie ◽  
Horia V. Alexandru ◽  
Ciceron Berbecaru
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Curie Point ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Bias Field ◽  
Pyroelectric Coefficient ◽  
Pyroelectric Properties ◽  
Electric Stress ◽  
Pyroelectric Current ◽  
Dc Electric Field ◽  
Internal Bias

AbstractPyroelectric properties of triglycine sulfate (TGS) thick films, separately doped with L and D alanine were investigated. Internal bias field of about 1 kV/cm, induced by the two dopants, stabilize the polarization in the opposite direction on the ferroelectric axis. Pyroelectric current (under constant stress) was recorded with a computer controlled Keithley 6517 electrometer, crossing up and down the Curie point. A reverse external electric field was applied on doped materials during heating, crossing up the Curie point. It is shown that the pyroelectric coefficient can be increased about four times at room temperature under un optimized DC electric field applied on the pyroelectric wafer.

scholarly journals Field characterization of the PM<sub>2.5</sub> Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor: insights into the composition, sources, and processes of fine particles in eastern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 14501-14517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjiang Zhang ◽  
Lili Tang ◽  
Philip L. Croteau ◽  
Olivier Favez ◽  
Yele Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Inorganic Aerosols ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time

Abstract. A PM2.5-capable aerosol chemical speciation monitor (Q-ACSM) was deployed in urban Nanjing, China, for the first time to measure in situ non-refractory fine particle (NR-PM2.5) composition from 20 October to 19 November 2015, along with parallel measurements of submicron aerosol (PM1) species by a standard Q-ACSM. Our results show that the NR-PM2.5 species (organics, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) measured by the PM2.5-Q-ACSM are highly correlated (r2 > 0.9) with those measured by a Sunset Lab OC  /  EC analyzer and a Monitor for AeRosols and GAses (MARGA). The comparisons between the two Q-ACSMs illustrated similar temporal variations in all NR species between PM1 and PM2.5, yet substantial mass fractions of aerosol species were observed in the size range of 1–2.5 µm. On average, NR-PM1−2.5 contributed 53 % of the total NR-PM2.5, with sulfate and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) being the two largest contributors (26 and 27 %, respectively). Positive matrix factorization of organic aerosol showed similar temporal variations in both primary and secondary OAs between PM1 and PM2.5, although the mass spectra were slightly different due to more thermal decomposition on the capture vaporizer of the PM2.5-Q-ACSM. We observed an enhancement of SOA under high relative humidity conditions, which is associated with simultaneous increases in aerosol pH, gas-phase species (NO2, SO2, and NH3) concentrations and aerosol water content driven by secondary inorganic aerosols. These results likely indicate an enhanced reactive uptake of SOA precursors upon aqueous particles. Therefore, reducing anthropogenic NOx, SO2, and NH3 emissions might not only reduce secondary inorganic aerosols but also the SOA burden during haze episodes in China.

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