scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Association between Internet Usage and Overweight/Obesity: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey in Nepal

Sexes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Juwel Rana ◽  
Md. Momin Islam ◽  
John Oldroyd ◽  
Nandeeta Samad ◽  
Rakibul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Obesity Interventions ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective: To examine the associations between internet use and overweight/obesity in people aged 15–49 years in Nepal and the extent to which these associations differ by biological sex. Materials and methods: The study analyzed the nationally representative Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 data. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the total effects of internet use (IU) in the last 12 months and frequency of internet use (FIU) in the last month on overweight/obesity adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Of the 10,380 participants, the prevalence of overweight/obesity by IU was 38% (95% confidence interval (CI): 35.9%, 40.1%) for males and 44.1% (95% CI: 41.6%, 46.6%) for female. The likelihood of overweight/obesity was significantly higher (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.55; 95% CI: 1.40, 1.73; p < 0.001) among those participants who used the internet compared to the participants who did not use the internet in the last 12 months. Similar associations were observed when using the augmented measure of exposure-FIU in the last month. We observed the modification effect of sex in the associations of IU (p-difference < 0.001) and FIU (p-difference < 0.002) with overweight/obesity in Nepal. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that future overweight/obesity interventions in Nepal discourage unnecessary internet use, particularly among males.

scholarly journals The association between Internet Usage and Overweight/Obesity modified by Gender: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwel Rana ◽  
Md Momin Islam ◽  
John Oldroyd ◽  
Nandeeta Samad ◽  
Rakibul M Islam
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Obesity Interventions ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Individual

Objective: Using a nationally representative data, we examined the associations between internet use and overweight/obesity in people aged 15-49 years in Nepal, and the extent to which these associations vary by gender. Materials and methods: The study analyzed the nationally representative Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 data, collected between June 2016 and January 2017. The outcome was overweight/obesity. Exposures were internet use (IU) in the last twelve months and internet use frequency (FIU) in the last month. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the total effects of IU and FIU on overweight/obesity adjusted for minimal sufficient adjustment set of potential confounders. P-difference was extracted using a Wald test for the models with interaction terms. Results: Of the 10,380 participants, 33.9% used internet in the last 12 months, and 13.1 % used less than/at least once in a week, and 17.5% used internet almost every day. The prevalence of overweight/obesity by IU was 38% (95% CI: 35.9%, 40.1%) for male and 44.1% (95% CI: 41.6%, 46.6) for female. The risk of overweight and obesity was significantly 1.55 times higher (aOR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.40, 1.73; p < 0.001) among those participants who used the internet compared to the individual who did not use the internet in the last 12 months or earlier of the interview. Similar associations were observed when using the augmented measure of exposure-FIU. We observed modification effect of gender in the associations of IU (p-difference<0.001) and FIU (p-difference<0.002) with overweight and obesity in Nepal. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that it is imperative for future overweight/obesity interventions in LMICs, including Nepal, to discourage unnecessary internet use, particularly among males.

scholarly journals Effects of Older Adult Driving Resumption on All-Cause Mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 2263-2267
Author(s):  
Kendra L Ratnapradipa ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Marla Berg-Weger ◽  
and Mario Schootman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Objectives Driving cessation is associated with adverse social and health outcomes including increased mortality risk. Some former drivers resume driving. Do resumed drivers have a different mortality risk compared to former drivers or continued drivers? Method We analyzed National Health and Aging Trends Study (2011–2015) data of community-dwelling self-responding ever drivers (n = 6,189) with weighted stratified life tables and discrete time logistic regression models to characterize mortality risk by driving status (continued, resumed, former), adjusting for relevant sociodemographic and health variables. Results Overall, 14% (n = 844) of participants died and 52% (n = 3,209) completed Round 5. Former drivers had the highest mortality (25%), followed by resumed (9%) and continued (6%) drivers. Former drivers had 2.4 times the adjusted odds of mortality compared with resumed drivers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51, 3.83), with no difference between continued and resumed drivers (aOR = 1.22; 95% CI = 0.74, 1.99). Discussion Those who resumed driving had better survival than those who did not. Practice implications include driver rehabilitation and retraining to safely promote and prolong driving.

scholarly journals Teachers' opinion about the need for health promotion information

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Maceinaitė ◽  
G Šurkienė ◽  
R Sketerskienė
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health Promoting Schools ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Background School is the most appropriate place for health promotion of pupils, which enables them to increase control over their health and improve it. Health promotion gives the best results when not only pupils but also their teachers are involved in the process, it is obvious that the success of health promotion depends on the teacher's attitude towards this process and his knowledge in this field. Aim of the study - to assess teachers' perceptions of the need for information on health promotion for themselves and their pupils. Methods 1247 teachers from 110 different schools in Lithuania were surveyed. Estimate of prevalence were calculated at 95% CI, logistic regression models were concluded, 95% CIs of adjusted odds ratio were calculated. Results 44.3% of teachers received sufficient amount of information on health promotion and 43.3% of them wanted more information on this subject. The odds of getting enough information on pupils health promotion were significantly related to teachers education, schools membership in Health Promoting Schools Network (HPSN) and location of school, the odds of wishing to get more information - with age and the subject teacher teaches. The most necessary information for teachers was information about healthy diet. They indicated that this information is most relevant to their pupils. In the opinion of the teachers, their pupils lack information on mental health. 71.6% of teachers were interested in information about health promotion. Interest in this subject was significantly related to gender, the subject teacher teaches and schools membership in HPSN. Conclusions Less than half of the respondents have received a sufficient amount of health promotion information and most of them are interested in this information, so it is important to provide teachers with health information that meets their needs. Providing teachers with health information it is important to take into consideration individual and school characteristics. Key messages Only less than half of teachers received sufficient amount of health promotion information. The majority of teachers were interested in information about health promotion.

scholarly journals Household factors and the risk of severe COVID-like illness early in the US pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Nash ◽  
Saba Qasmieh ◽  
McKaylee Robertson ◽  
Madhura Rane ◽  
Rebecca Zimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Household Factors ◽  
The Us ◽  
Household Crowding ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the role of children in the home and household crowding as risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease.MethodsWe used interview data from 6,831 U.S. adults screened for the Communities, Households and SARS/CoV-2 Epidemiology (CHASING) COVID Cohort Study in April 2020.ResultsIn logistic regression models, the adjusted odds ratio [aOR] of hospitalization due to COVID-19 for having (versus not having) children in the home was 10.5 (95% CI:5.7-19.1) among study participants living in multi-unit dwellings and 2.2 (95% CI:1.2-6.5) among those living in single unit dwellings. Among participants living in multi-unit dwellings, the aOR for COVID-19 hospitalization among participants with more than 4 persons in their household (versus 1 person) was 2.5 (95% CI:1.0-6.1), and 0.8 (95% CI:0.15-4.1) among those living in single unit dwellings.ConclusionEarly in the US SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, certain household exposures likely increased the risk of both SARS-CoV-2 acquisition and the risk of severe COVID-19 disease.

Demographic factors associated with missed follow-up among solid tumor patients treated at a large multi-site academic institution

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 2635-2643
Author(s):  
Samantha L Freije ◽  
Jordan A Holmes ◽  
Saleh Rachidi ◽  
Susannah G Ellsworth ◽  
Richard C Zellars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Follow Up Care ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
African American Race

Aim: To identify demographic predictors of patients who miss oncology follow-up, considering that missed follow-up has not been well studies in cancer patients. Methods: Patients with solid tumors diagnosed from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed (n = 16,080). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to examine predictors of missed follow-up. Results: Our study revealed that 21.2% of patients missed ≥1 follow-up appointment. African–American race (odds ratio [OR] 1.33; 95% CI: 1.17–1.51), Medicaid insurance (OR 1.59; 1.36–1.87), no insurance (OR 1.66; 1.32–2.10) and rural residence (OR 1.78; 1.49–2.13) were associated with missed follow-up. Conclusion: Many cancer patients miss follow-up, and inadequate follow-up may influence cancer outcomes. Further research is needed on how to address disparities in follow-up care in high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Pulmonary restriction predicts long-term pulmonary impairment in people with HIV and tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara C. Auld ◽  
Hardy Kornfeld ◽  
Pholo Maenetje ◽  
Mandla Mlotshwa ◽  
William Chase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Pulmonary Impairment ◽  
Mixed Pattern

Abstract Background While tuberculosis is considered a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a restrictive pattern of pulmonary impairment may actually be more common among tuberculosis survivors. We aimed to determine the nature of pulmonary impairment before and after treatment among people with HIV and tuberculosis and identify risk factors for long-term impairment. Methods In this prospective cohort study conducted in South Africa, we enrolled adults newly diagnosed with HIV and tuberculosis who were initiating antiretroviral therapy and tuberculosis treatment. We measured lung function and symptoms at baseline, 6, and 12 months. We compared participants with and without pulmonary impairment and constructed logistic regression models to identify characteristics associated with pulmonary impairment. Results Among 134 participants with a median CD4 count of 110 cells/μl, 112 (83%) completed baseline spirometry at which time 32 (29%) had restriction, 13 (12%) had obstruction, and 9 (7%) had a mixed pattern. Lung function was dynamic over time and 30 (33%) participants had impaired lung function at 12 months. Baseline restriction was associated with greater symptoms and with long-term pulmonary impairment (adjusted odds ratio 5.44, 95% confidence interval 1.16–25.45), while baseline obstruction was not (adjusted odds ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 0.28–13.78). Conclusions In this cohort of people with HIV and tuberculosis, restriction was the most common, symptomatic, and persistent pattern of pulmonary impairment. These data can help to raise awareness among clinicians about the heterogeneity of post-tuberculosis pulmonary impairment, and highlight the need for further research into mediators of lung injury in this vulnerable population.

Racial Disparities in Invasive Management for Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction With Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Rymer ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Patrick H. Pun ◽  
Laine Thomas ◽  
Tracy Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
Invasive Management ◽  
White Patients

Background: Due to increased risks of contrast nephropathy, chronic kidney disease (CKD) can deter consideration of invasive management for patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Black patients have a higher prevalence of CKD. Whether racial disparities exist in the use of invasive MI management for patients with CKD presenting with MI is unknown. Methods: We examined 717 012 White and 99 882 Black patients with MI treated from 2008 to 2017 at 914 hospitals in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Chest Pain—MI Registry. CKD status was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥90 mL/(min·1.73 m 2 ; no CKD), eGFR <90 but ≥60 (mild), eGFR <60 but ≥30 (moderate), and eGFR <30 or dialysis (severe). We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the interaction of race and CKD severity in invasive MI management. Results: Among those with MI, Black patients were more likely than White patients to have CKD (eGFR <90; 61.4% versus 58.5%; P <0.001). Among those with MI and CKD, Black patients were more likely than White patients to have severe CKD (21.2% versus 12.4%; P <0.001). Patients with CKD were more likely than those without CKD to have diabetes or heart failure; Black patients with CKD were more likely to have these comorbidities when compared with White patients with CKD (all P <0.0001). Black race and CKD were associated with a lower likelihood of invasive management (adjusted odds ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.75–0.81]; adjusted odds ratio, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.70–0.74]; P <0.001 for both). At eGFR levels ≥10, Black patients were significantly less likely than White patients to undergo invasive management. Conclusions: Black patients with MI and mild or moderate CKD were less likely to undergo invasive management compared with White patients with similar CKD severity. National efforts are needed to address racial disparities that may remain in the invasive management of MI.

scholarly journals Analysis models for variables associated with breastfeeding duration

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Theodoro dos S. Neto ◽  
Eliana Zandonade ◽  
Adauto Oliveira Emmerich
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with breastfeeding duration by two statistical models. METHODS A population-based cohort study was conducted with 86 mothers and newborns from two areas primary covered by the National Health System, with high rates of infant mortality in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. During 30 months, 67 (78%) children and mothers were visited seven times at home by trained interviewers, who filled out survey forms. Data on food and sucking habits, socioeconomic and maternal characteristics were collected. Variables were analyzed by Cox regression models, considering duration of breastfeeding as the dependent variable, and logistic regression (dependent variables, was the presence of a breastfeeding child in different post-natal ages). RESULTS In the logistic regression model, the pacifier sucking (adjusted Odds Ratio: 3.4; 95%CI 1.2-9.55) and bottle feeding (adjusted Odds Ratio: 4.4; 95%CI 1.6-12.1) increased the chance of weaning a child before one year of age. Variables associated to breastfeeding duration in the Cox regression model were: pacifier sucking (adjusted Hazard Ratio 2.0; 95%CI 1.2-3.3) and bottle feeding (adjusted Hazard Ratio 2.0; 95%CI 1.2-3.5). However, protective factors (maternal age and family income) differed between both models. CONCLUSIONS Risk and protective factors associated with cessation of breastfeeding may be analyzed by different models of statistical regression. Cox Regression Models are adequate to analyze such factors in longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals An overview of internet use among professionals of Moradabad: a critical appraisal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Neha Priya ◽  
Samreen Khan ◽  
Sachin Lal
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Use Of Internet

Background: Internet is a boon and has certainly helped to bring the world closer. It has been a great medium for students to communicate and get information by transforming the academic landscape. However the excessive and undisciplined use of internet by individuals especially in the last decade, has led to the emergence of the concept of internet addiction. Therefore, a cross sectional study has been conducted to investigate the use of internet facility among undergraduate students from Teerthankar Mahaveer University using a validated questionnaire. There were about 42 million active internet users in urban India in 2008 when compared to 5 million in 2000. India now has the world’s third-largest national digital population, with approximately, 159 million Internet users in 2014, which is projected to reach 314 million by 2017 (IMRB 2014). The aim was to study prevalence and pattern of internet usage among undergraduate students in Moradabad. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among medical students (n=382) belonging to all the professionals of medical college, to assess the pattern of internet usage. A semi-structured proforma along with Young’s internet addiction scale was used. Results: Of the 382 adolescents who took part in the study, 150 (39.27%) were female and 232 (60.73%) were males. Their mean age was 16.20 years. Using Young’s original criteria, 22 (5.76%) were found to be addicts, 230 (60.21%) were moderately addicted, 45 (11.78%) were average users while in 85 (22.25%) of student’s internet use was less than average. Most of internet use was for social networking 183(47.9%), downloading media files 125 (32.7%), online gaming 45 (11.8%), academic purposes 10 (2.6%) and others 19 (5%). About 275 (72%) of the students were using smart phones to access the internet. Conclusions: Most of the internet usage was for the purpose of social networking (Facebook, Whats App, Mails, etc). Availability of high speed free wi-fi internet on mobile phones as well as more reliance on virtual friendship than real may be the reason for spending more time on social network websites. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document