scholarly journals Integrating Social Scientific Perspectives on the Quantified Employee Self

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Calvard
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quantified Self ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Organizational Environments ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
And Control

A key technological trend in big data science is that of the quantified self, whereby individuals can self-track their health and well-being using various sources of information. The aim of this article was to integrate multidimensional views on the positive and negative implications of the quantified self for employees and workplaces. Relevant human and social scientific literature on the quantified (employee) self and self-tracking were drawn upon and organized into three main influential perspectives. Specifically, the article identified (1) psychological perspectives on quantified attitudes and behaviors, (2) sociological perspectives on sociomaterial user construction, and (3) critical theoretical perspectives on digital power and control. This article suggests that the three perspectives are complementary and can be usefully integrated into an embodied sensemaking perspective. Embodied sensemaking views the employee as a self-conscious user of big data seeking to make sense of their embeddedness in wider digital and organizational environments. This article concludes with implications for protecting employee agency in tension with employers’ big data strategies for governing and managing the performance of quantified digital employee selves.

Predictable policing: New technology, old bias, and future resistance in big data surveillance

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1108-1124
Author(s):  
Xerxes Minocher ◽  
Caelyn Randall
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Predictive Policing ◽  
Sociotechnical System ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Data Surveillance ◽  
And Control

Within this article, we explore the rise of predictive policing in the United States as a form of big data surveillance. Bringing together literature from communication, criminology, and science and technology studies, we use a case study of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA to outline that predictive policing, rather than being a novel development, is in fact part of a much larger, historical network of power and control. By examining the mechanics of these policing practices: the data inputs, behavioral outputs, as well as the key controllers of these systems, and the individuals who influenced their adoption, we show that predictive policing as a form of big data surveillance is a sociotechnical system that is wholly human-constructed, biases and all. Identifying these elements of the surveillance network then allows us to turn our attention to the resistive practices of communities who historically and presently live under surveillance – pointing to the types of actions and imaginaries required to combat the myth and allure that swirls around the rhetoric of big data surveillance today.

Digital Epidemiology of Innovation (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Triana ◽  
LUIS PINO ◽  
Dennise Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
The Future ◽  
Digital Epidemiology ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

UNSTRUCTURED Bio and infotech revolution including data management are global tendencies that have a relevant impact on healthcare. Concepts such as Big Data, Data Science and Machine Learning are now topics of interest within medical literature. All of them are encompassed in what recently is named as digital epidemiology. The purpose of this article is to propose our definition of digital epidemiology with the inclusion of a further aspect: Innovation. It means Digital Epidemiology of Innovation (DEI) and show the importance of this new branch of epidemiology for the management and control of diseases. In this sense, we will describe all characteristics concerning to the topic, current uses within medical practice, application for the future and applicability of DEI as conclusion.

PROTECTION OF VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: A PRACTICAL DIMENSION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Litvinova ◽  
◽  
Olesia Dubovych ◽  
Liubov Sheptytska ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
State Register ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
And Control ◽  
Social Support Systems

The article is devoted to the study of practical aspects of protection of victims of domestic violence in Ukraine. Domestic violence is understood as a pattern of behavior between people in any relationship that is used to gain or retain power and control over the person with whom they are in a personal relationship. Victims of domestic violence can be members of a couple, as well as a child or other relative or any other family member. The COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to have a significant impact on the spread of the threat of domestic violence. Isolation can identify or exacerbate vulnerabilities due to the lack of established social support systems, reduced economic well-being of families, and psychological and social difficulties. In general, pandemic restrictions have made life difficult for victims of domestic violence. A systematic analysis of guarantees for the protection of victims of domestic violence made it possible to identify the following positive reforms: strengthening regulation; intensification of public authorities' functioning in the field of combating and preventing domestic violence; strengthening of methodological, explanatory and informational activities, which has a dual focus: the legal awareness of victims is intensified and the professionalism of specialized bodies is increased; coordination of system coordination of public and state sphere in the researched sphere. However, the analysis of statistical reports, court decisions, monitoring of public organizations, scientific works of experts indicate that there are a number of problems in the field of protection of victims of domestic violence, so the authors propose a set of measures to help solve the problem. These include: ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention); measures to increase the level of legal awareness and legal culture; the need to improve the skills of police officers in the preparation of administrative materials; changes in established case law on the elimination of ineffective penalties; implementation of positive practice of foreign countries on the implementation of re-education programs for offenders by court decision; maintaining the Unified State Register of Cases of Domestic Violence.

Third World vulnerabilities and global negotiations

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Krasner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Third World ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
The Common ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
And Control

What do Third World countries want? More wealth. How can they get it? By adopting more economically rational policies. What should the North do? Facilitate these policies. How should the North approach global negotiations? With cautious optimism. What is the long term prognosis for North–South relations? Hopeful, at least if economic development occurs. This is the common wisdom about relations between industrialized and developing areas in the United States and much of the rest of the North, Within this fold there are intense debates among adherents of conventional liberal, reformist liberal, and interdependence viewpoints. But the emphasis on economics at the expense of politics, on material well-being as opposed to power and control, pervades all of these orientations.

scholarly journals Surveillance Farm: Towards a Research Agenda on Big Data Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Klauser
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
And Control

Farming today relies on ever-increasing forms of data gathering, transfer, and analysis. Think of autonomous tractors and weeding robots, chip-implanted animals and underground infrastructures with inbuilt sensors, and drones or satellites offering image analysis from the air. Despite this evolution, however, the social sciences have almost completely overlooked the resulting problematics of power and control. This piece offers an initial review of the main surveillance issues surrounding the problematic of smart farming, with a view to outlining a broader research agenda into the making, functioning, and acting of Big Data in the agricultural sector. For surveillance studies, the objective is also to move beyond the predominant focus on urban space that characterises critical contemporary engagements with Big Data. Smart technologies shape the rural just as much as the urban, and “smart farms” are just as fashionable as “smart cities.”

Under Surveillance: Collegiate Athletics as a Total Institution

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Hatteberg
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Collegiate Athletics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Institution ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Total Institutions ◽  
Division I Athletes ◽  
And Control

Scholars have identified similarities between collegiate athletics and total institutions for profit-athletes, but few examined the relationship for athletes participating in other sports. Drawing on qualitative data collected from a sample of NCAA Division I athletes participating in four different sports, this study examined how collegiate athletics might approximate a total institution according to Goffman’s 1961 conceptualization. Consistent with Goffman’s conceptualization, athletes experienced 1) an absence of barriers between their spheres of life, 2) insularity of the athletic community, 3) strict schedules, and 4) institutional objectives used to justify totalitarian practices. These aspects of the institution helped to facilitate pervasive surveillance and extensive institutional power and control, aspects of the institution that athletes of all sports types perceived as stressful. These findings suggest that structural aspects of collegiate athletics may operate as ambient strains that could have consequences for athlete well-being, a possibility that should be explored in future research.

scholarly journals Why data is not enough: Digital traces as control of self and self-control

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Butler Reigeluth
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Francophone Literature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Quantified Self ◽  
To Come ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gilbert Simondon

As an alternative to the seemingly natural objectivity and self-evidence of “data,” this paper builds on recent francophone literature by developing a critical conceptualization of “digital traces.” Underlining the materiality and discursiveness of traces allows us to understand and articulate both the technical and sociopolitical implications of digital technology. The philosophies of Gilbert Simondon and Michel Foucault give strong ontological and epistemological groundings for interpreting the relationships between technology and processes of subjectification. In this light, digital traces are framed as objects and products of heteronomous interventions, the logics of which can be traced through the programs and algorithms deployed. Through the empirical examples of “Predictive Policing” and “Quantified Self” digital traces are contrasted with the premises and dreams of Big Data. While the later claims to algorithmically correlative, predict and preempt the future by reducing it to a “what-is-to-come,” the digital trace paradigm offers a new perspective on how forms of self-control and control of the self are interdependent facets of “algorithmic governmentality.”

The Psychology of Satanic Worship

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Ivey
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
White Adolescents ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Religious Cult ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Satanic Activity ◽  
And Control

A significant amount of media attention has recently been focused on allegations of widespread Satanic activity in South Africa. However, little social scientific research has been forthcoming on the nature, incidence, activities, and psychological dynamics associated with Satanism. In this article I attempt to address this lacuna by examining the definition, history, social context, and ideology of Satanism. ‘Satanism is defined as a specific religious cult, characterized by the inversion of Christian norms and ideology. It is argued that the apparent increase in Satanic activity is related to a socio-economic context of radical cultural change, turmoil, and social instability. Contemporary white adolescents, feeling alienated, anxious, and powerless, are attracted to Satanism as a means of obtaining magical power and control over their destiny. Satanism, in addition, meets specific psychological needs which are not met by other forms of religious worship. In the article I consider the psychological factors which predispose individuals to Satanic activities, and concludes by examining the diagnostic status of demonic possession in clinical psychology.

Adaptation and Well-Being

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1331-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost Heyink
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Adaptation Theory ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
And Control

An overview is given of the strategies individuals use to overcome misfortune and to restore their subjective well-being. Using adaptation-theory as a frame of reference, three groups of adaptive mechanisms are described, i.e., shifting intrapsychic criteria, cognitive reconstruction, and future-time perception. The differences and similarities with related theoretical perspectives (for instance, ‘coping’ and ‘control’) are identified. Many other theoretical notions are briefly discussed and given a place in the presented framework. In the concluding section the possible role of moderating factors (e.g., social support) is discussed. Finally, some adaptational views on psychological dysfunctioning are presented.

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