scholarly journals Choose Where You Live Carefully: Built Environment Differences in Children’s Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Alan M. Nevill ◽  
Cézane Priscila Reuter ◽  
Caroline Brand ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Children

Information regarding urban-rural differences in health indicators are scarce in Brazil. This study sought to identify rural-urban differences in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in Brazilian children and adolescents whilst controlling for the important confounding variables including social economic status (SES). This is a cross-sectional study developed with children and adolescents (n = 2250, age 11.54 ± 2.76) selected from a city in the south of Brazil. CRF was estimated using a 6-minute run/walk test. CMR scores were calculated by summing different cardiometabolic risk indicators. CRF was analysed assuming a multiplicative model with allometric body-size components. CMR differences in residential locations was assessed using Analysis of caovariance (ANCOVA) adopting SES, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), age and fitness as covariates. Results indicated a main effect of location (p < 0.001) with children living a rural environment having the highest CRF, and children living in the periphery of towns having the lowest. Analysis also revealed significant main effects of location (p < 0.001) with children living a rural environment having the lowest CMR and children living in the centre of towns having the highest. Therefore, Brazilian children living in a rural environment appear to have superior health benefits.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: mediation analysis of crosssectional study. [Riesgo cardiometabólico en niños y adolescentes: análisis de mediación de un estudio transversal].

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (65) ◽  
pp. 204-220
Author(s):  
Noelia González-Gálvez ◽  
◽  
Jose Carlos Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fitness Level

The aims of this study were a) to assess whether obesity acts as a mediator between i) cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mean blood pressure; and ii) between between physical activity (PA) and mean blodd pressure in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a 632 children and adolescents. It was measured mean blood pressure, body mass index, fat mass and waist circumference. CRF and PA was assessing with Course Navette test and ActiGraph. The analysis of the mediation was performed using Process macro for SPSS. The results indicate that obesity acts as a partial mediation in the association between CRF and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -5.81 to -5.40; all p˂0.000). These results indicate that obesity acts as a complete mediator in the association between PA and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -4.49 to -1.94; all p˂0.000). Our result reinforces the relevance of prevent weight increse and improve cardiorespiratory fitness level since erly age in children and adolescents to prevent high mean blood pressure. Increasing the level of physical activity can influence on obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Laboratory screening test with inhalant and food allergens in atopic Brazilian children and adolescents: a performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Rozalem-Reali ◽  
Felipe Faria Pierotti ◽  
Aranda Carolina ◽  
Renata Rodrigues Cocco ◽  
Emanuel Cavalcanti Sarinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Children

The Phadiatop Infant® (PhInf) is a panel developed to assess allergic sensitization (immunoglobulin E [IgE]) in children aged <5 years and combines inhalant and food allergens. The test has not been evaluated outside Europe. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at 11 pediatric allergy centers to evaluate PhInf as an allergic disease screening method in Brazilian children. Children as controls and patients (aged 6 months–18 years) were grouped according to their primary disease and age group. PhInf and specific serum IgE (sIgE) screening was performed for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), cat and dog epithelia, a mix of grasses and pollens, eggs, cow’s milk, peanuts, and shrimp. Values ≥ 0.35 kUA/L (or PAU/L) were considered positive. A total of 470 children and adolescents, which included 385 patients and 85 controls, participated in the study (47.7% boys, average age: 6.3 years). In all, 72.6% of the participants had positive PhInf test (n = 341), with a higher proportion of those having food allergy (92.6%), atopic dermatitis (91.9%), and those aged >13 years having allergy (95%). The PhInf and sIgE agreement between patients (Kappa = 0.94, P < 0.001) and controls (Kappa = 0.84, P < 0.001) was high. PhInf and DP agreement in patients aged >13 years was excellent (Kappa = 0.936, P < 0.001). Compared with sIgE dosage, PhInf had high sensitivity (97%) and specificity (93%). Positivity of PhInf test in this population was high and had an excellent correlation with the allergens comprising the panel. It is a useful method for screening children suspected of having allergic diseases in a non-European country.

scholarly journals Vitamin B2 and Folate Concentrations are Associated with ARA, EPA and DHA Fatty Acids in Red Blood Cells of Brazilian Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio V. Ued ◽  
Mariana G. Mathias ◽  
Roseli B. D. Toffano ◽  
Tamiris T. Barros ◽  
Maria Olímpia R. V. Almada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Children

Vitamins B2, B6, B12, and folate are essential for methylation reactions and possibly influence the transport of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma and red blood cells (RBC). Associations between B-vitamin biomarkers and fatty acid (FA) profile were analyzed in Brazilian children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 249 children and adolescents, aged 9–13 years old. Dietary intake was assessed by the food frequency questionnaire and the healthy eating index (HEI). Biomarkers for vitamins B2, B6, B12, and folate were measured in plasma. The FA profile and the metabolites of one-carbon metabolism were measured in RBC. Associations were tested with multiple linear regression models. An increase of 1 nmol/L in vitamin B2 was associated with an increase of 0.19 mg/dL of EPA, 0.20 mg/dL of ARA, and 0.25 mg/dL of DHA in RBC. An increase of 1 ng/mL in plasma folate was associated with an increase of 0.14 mg/dL of EPA, 0.22 mg/dL of ARA, and 0.21 mg/dL of DHA in RBC. These findings highlight the importance of an adequate intake of vitamin B2 and folate in childhood, since they may improve the FA profile in RBCs and may help prevent cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Influence of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism on Cardiometabolic Risk, Maximal Fat Oxidation, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Diet and Physical Activity in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3443
Author(s):  
Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García ◽  
Alejandro Perez-Bey ◽  
Daniel Velázquez-Díaz ◽  
Juan Corral-Pérez ◽  
Edgardo Opazo-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation ◽  
The Relationship

There is controversy about the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and health. Seventy-four healthy adults (n = 28 women; 22.5 ± 4.2 years) participated in this cross-sectional study aimed at determining the influence of ACE I/D polymorphism, ascertained by polymerase chain reaction, on cardiometabolic risk (i.e., waist circumference, body fat, blood pressure (BP), glucose, triglycerides, and inflammatory markers), maximal fat oxidation (MFO), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), physical activity and diet. Our results showed differences by ACE I/D polymorphism in systolic BP (DD: 116.4 ± 11.8 mmHg; ID: 116.7 ± 6.3 mmHg; II: 109.4 ± 12.3 mmHg, p = 0.035) and body fat (DD: 27.3 ± 10.8%; ID: 22.6 ± 9.7%; II: 19.3 ± 7.1%, p = 0.030). Interestingly, a genotype*sex interaction in relativized MFO by lean mass (p = 0.048) was found. The DD polymorphism had higher MFO values than ID/II polymorphisms in men (8.4 ± 3.0 vs. 6.5 ± 2.9 mg/kg/min), while the ID/II polymorphisms showed higher R-MFO values than DD polymorphism in women (6.6 ± 2.3 vs. 7.6 ± 2.6 mg/kg/min). In conclusion, ACE I/D polymorphism is apparently associated with adiposity and BP, where a protective effect can be attributed to the II genotype, but not with cardiorespiratory fitness, diet and physical activity. Moreover, our study highlighted that there is a sexual dimorphism in the influence of ACE I/D gene polymorphism on MFO.

scholarly journals Neck circumference and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Sehn ◽  
Caroline Brand ◽  
Letícia Welser ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya ◽  
Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The increased incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors has become a public health issue, especially in childhood and adolescence. Thus, early identification is essential to avoid or reduce future complications in adulthood. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a moderator in the association between neck circumference (NC) and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional study that included 2418 randomly selected children and adolescents (52.5% girls), aged 6 to 17 years old. Anthropometric measurements, such as NC and body mass index (BMI), and CRF was measured by the six-minute running/walking test, as well as cardiometabolic risk (systolic blood pressure, glucose, HDL-C, and triglycerides), were assessed. Results For all age groups, NC showed a negative relationship with CRF. A significant interaction term was found for CRF x NC with cardiometabolic risk for children (6 to 9 years old), early adolescents (10 to 12 years old), and middle adolescents (13 to 17 years old). It was found that children who accomplished more than 1092.49 m in CRF test were protected against cardiometabolic risk when considering NC. In adolescents, protection against cardiometabolic risk was found when the CRF test was completed above 1424.14 m and 1471.87 m (early and middle stage, respectively). Conclusions CRF is inversely associated with NC and acts as a moderator in the relationship between NC and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Therefore, this detrimental health impact linked to fatness might be attenuated by improving CRF levels.

scholarly journals Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated risk factors in Brazilian schoolchildren

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 947-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Seki ◽  
Tiemi Matsuo ◽  
Alexandre Jose Faria Carrilho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in schoolchildren from 6 to 16 years old, while considering their socio-economic status and other potential risk factors.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted between April and November of 2005 in a semi-rural city with a total population of 13 000 inhabitants.SettingThe study was conducted in Maracai city, located in the Brazilian state of Sao Paulo.SubjectsSchoolchildren (n 2170) of both genders, corresponding to approximately 82 % of all Maracai schoolchildren, were evaluated for components of MetS, as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program; reference values for children and adolescents were adjusted for age and sex.ResultsOverall, MetS prevalence was 3·6 % (95 % CI 2·9, 4·5) and did not differ statistically between genders, skin colour, between children and adolescents. However, when we analysed groups of subjects by weight, MetS prevalence progressively increased from 0·3 % (95 % CI 0·1, 0·8) in normal-weight subjects to 10·7 % (95 % CI 7·4, 14·8) and 34·5 % (95 % CI 25·9, 43·9) in overweight and obese subjects, respectively (both P < 0·001 compared to normal-weight controls). When socio-economic classes were considered, 4·7 % high-income students (95 % CI 3·5, 6·2) had MetS, which was significantly greater than low-income students (2·7 %; 95 % CI 1·9, 3·9; P = 0·023).ConclusionsMetS prevalence was high in overweight and obese schoolchildren and these risk factors were present during childhood and adolescence. Changes in lifestyle and alimentary safety should be encouraged to avoid future cardiovascular morbidity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Feeding difficulties are not associated with higher rates of iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children and adolescents—cross-sectional study

Nutrire ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica S. Soares ◽  
Priscilla Maximino ◽  
Rachel H. V. Machado ◽  
Ana Beatriz Bozzini ◽  
Abykeyla Mellisse Tosatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Brazilian Children

Asian Student Depression in American High Schools

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan J. Song ◽  
Robert Ziegler ◽  
Lisa Arsenault ◽  
Lise E. Fried ◽  
Karen Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Injury ◽  
Similar Risk

There are inconsistent findings about depression in Asians. This study examined risk factors for depression in Asian and Caucasian adolescents. Stratified bivariate secondary analyses of risk indicators and depressed mood were performed in this cross-sectional study of high school survey data (9th to 12th grades) from 2,542 students (198 Asian). Asians had a higher prevalence of depressed symptoms, but similar risk factors as Caucasians. Smoking and injury at work were major risk factors for depressed mood among Asians. Asian-specific risk factors for depression were being foreign-born and having a work-related injury. Asian and Caucasian teens have similar risk factors for depressed mood, though being foreign born and having a work-related injury are risk factors specific to Asian youth, possibly related to social–economic status. Providers of care in school, such as school nurses, can be important primary screeners of depression for Asian students in particular.

scholarly journals Projeto Esporte Brasil: perfil da aptidão física relacionada ao desempenho esportivo de crianças e adolescentes

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio Brugnara Mello ◽  
Gabriel Alberto Kunst Nagorny ◽  
Marcelo De Castro Haiachi ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya ◽  
Adroaldo Cezar Araujo Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Brazilian Children

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n6p658 The aim of this study was to outline the physical fitness profile related to sport performance of Brazilian children and adolescents, stratified by sex. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study and information was obtained from the Projeto Esporte Brasil (PROESP-Br). The sample consisted of 8,750 voluntary subjects aged 7-17 years evaluated in the period between 2013 and 2015. The following variables were evaluated: lower limb strength (LLS) through the horizontal jump test and upper limb strength (ULS) through mediceball pitch, speed through the 20-meter sprint test and agility through the square test. Variables were classified with PROESP-Br criteria. For data processing, means, standard deviations, absolute and relative frequencies and confidence intervals were used. The results for boys have shown that the “poor” category had the highest prevalence: LLS (40.2%), ULS (29.7%), speed (41.4%) and agility (37.5%). The “excellent” category, as expected, had the lowest prevalence: LLS (3.7%), ULS (4.9%), speed (2.0%) and speed (3.5%). The results for girls were similar to those of boys, where the “poor” category had the highest prevalence: LLS (43.7%), ULS (36.8%), speed (43.8%) and agility (41.0 %). The “excellent” category also had the lowest prevalence: LLS (4.2%), ULS (4.3%), speed (1.6%) and speed (3.1%). The results indicated that the majority of Brazilian children and adolescents have physical fitness related to sport performance. Among variables analyzed, LLS for girls and speed for boys were the components with the most unfavorable results. 

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