scholarly journals Vitamin B2 and Folate Concentrations are Associated with ARA, EPA and DHA Fatty Acids in Red Blood Cells of Brazilian Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio V. Ued ◽  
Mariana G. Mathias ◽  
Roseli B. D. Toffano ◽  
Tamiris T. Barros ◽  
Maria Olímpia R. V. Almada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Children

Vitamins B2, B6, B12, and folate are essential for methylation reactions and possibly influence the transport of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma and red blood cells (RBC). Associations between B-vitamin biomarkers and fatty acid (FA) profile were analyzed in Brazilian children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 249 children and adolescents, aged 9–13 years old. Dietary intake was assessed by the food frequency questionnaire and the healthy eating index (HEI). Biomarkers for vitamins B2, B6, B12, and folate were measured in plasma. The FA profile and the metabolites of one-carbon metabolism were measured in RBC. Associations were tested with multiple linear regression models. An increase of 1 nmol/L in vitamin B2 was associated with an increase of 0.19 mg/dL of EPA, 0.20 mg/dL of ARA, and 0.25 mg/dL of DHA in RBC. An increase of 1 ng/mL in plasma folate was associated with an increase of 0.14 mg/dL of EPA, 0.22 mg/dL of ARA, and 0.21 mg/dL of DHA in RBC. These findings highlight the importance of an adequate intake of vitamin B2 and folate in childhood, since they may improve the FA profile in RBCs and may help prevent cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyu Pan ◽  
Chengyue Zhang ◽  
Xiaocong Yao ◽  
Zhongxin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aim Ensuring adequate calcium (Ca) intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age. As one of the primary strategies to build and maintain healthy bones, we aimed to determine whether dietary Ca intake has an influence on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 10,092 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary Ca intake and total BMD were taken as independent and dependent variables, respectively. To evaluate the association between them, we conducted weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings. Results There was a significantly positive association between dietary Ca intake and total BMD. The strongest association was observed in 12–15 year old whites, 8–11 year old and 16–19 year old Mexican Americans, and 16–19 year old individuals from other race/ethnicity, in whom each quintile of Ca intake was increased. We also found that there were significant inflection points in females, blacks, and 12–15 year old adolescents group, which means that their total BMD would decrease when the dietary Ca intake was more than 2.6–2.8 g/d. Conclusions This cross-sectional study indicated that a considerable proportion of children and adolescents aged 8–19 years would attain greater total BMD if they increased their dietary Ca intake. However, higher dietary Ca intake (more than 2.6–2.8 g/d) is associated with lower total BMD in females, blacks, and 12–15 year old adolescents group.

scholarly journals Laboratory screening test with inhalant and food allergens in atopic Brazilian children and adolescents: a performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Rozalem-Reali ◽  
Felipe Faria Pierotti ◽  
Aranda Carolina ◽  
Renata Rodrigues Cocco ◽  
Emanuel Cavalcanti Sarinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Children

The Phadiatop Infant® (PhInf) is a panel developed to assess allergic sensitization (immunoglobulin E [IgE]) in children aged <5 years and combines inhalant and food allergens. The test has not been evaluated outside Europe. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at 11 pediatric allergy centers to evaluate PhInf as an allergic disease screening method in Brazilian children. Children as controls and patients (aged 6 months–18 years) were grouped according to their primary disease and age group. PhInf and specific serum IgE (sIgE) screening was performed for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), cat and dog epithelia, a mix of grasses and pollens, eggs, cow’s milk, peanuts, and shrimp. Values ≥ 0.35 kUA/L (or PAU/L) were considered positive. A total of 470 children and adolescents, which included 385 patients and 85 controls, participated in the study (47.7% boys, average age: 6.3 years). In all, 72.6% of the participants had positive PhInf test (n = 341), with a higher proportion of those having food allergy (92.6%), atopic dermatitis (91.9%), and those aged >13 years having allergy (95%). The PhInf and sIgE agreement between patients (Kappa = 0.94, P < 0.001) and controls (Kappa = 0.84, P < 0.001) was high. PhInf and DP agreement in patients aged >13 years was excellent (Kappa = 0.936, P < 0.001). Compared with sIgE dosage, PhInf had high sensitivity (97%) and specificity (93%). Positivity of PhInf test in this population was high and had an excellent correlation with the allergens comprising the panel. It is a useful method for screening children suspected of having allergic diseases in a non-European country.

scholarly journals A lipid-related metabolomic pattern of diet quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 1613-1630
Author(s):  
Minoo Bagheri ◽  
Walter Willett ◽  
Mary K Townsend ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
Kerry L Ivey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Complementary Approach

ABSTRACT Background Adherence to a healthy diet has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases. Identifying nutritional biomarkers of diet quality may be complementary to traditional questionnaire-based methods and may provide insights concerning disease mechanisms and prevention. Objective To identify metabolites associated with diet quality assessed via the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and its components. Methods This cross-sectional study used FFQ data and plasma metabolomic profiles, mostly lipid related, from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, n = 1460) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, n = 1051). Linear regression models assessed associations of the AHEI and its components with individual metabolites. Canonical correspondence analyses (CCAs) investigated overlapping patterns between AHEI components and metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) and explanatory factor analysis were used to consolidate correlated metabolites into uncorrelated factors. We used stepwise multivariable regression to create a metabolomic score that is an indicator of diet quality. Results The AHEI was associated with 83 metabolites in the NHS and 96 metabolites in the HPFS after false discovery rate adjustment. Sixty-three of these significant metabolites overlapped between the 2 cohorts. CCA identified “healthy” AHEI components (e.g., nuts, whole grains) and metabolites (n = 27 in the NHS and 33 in the HPFS) and “unhealthy” AHEI components (e.g., red meat, trans fat) and metabolites (n = 56 in the NHS and 63 in the HPFS). PCA-derived factors composed of highly saturated triglycerides, plasmalogens, and acylcarnitines were associated with unhealthy AHEI components while factors composed of highly unsaturated triglycerides were linked to healthy AHEI components. The stepwise regression analysis contributed to a metabolomics score as a predictor of diet quality. Conclusion We identified metabolites associated with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors. The observed associations were largely similar between men and women, suggesting that metabolomics can be a complementary approach to self-reported diet in studies of diet and chronic disease.

scholarly journals Diet Quality As It Relates to ADHD and Emotional Dysregulation Symptoms in a Pediatric Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 448-448
Author(s):  
Lisa Robinette ◽  
Irene Hatsu ◽  
Jeanette Johnstone ◽  
Gabriella Tost ◽  
Leanna Eiterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a US pediatric prevalence of 10%. It presents with inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity as well as emotional dysregulation (ED) symptoms such as irritability and defiant behavior, typical of Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD) and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD). The etiology of ADHD is multi-factorial with suggested effects related to diet. Building on prior studies, this study examines the association of diet quality with ADHD and ED symptoms among a pediatric population. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data for 134 children aged 6–12 years with symptoms of ADHD and ED enrolled in an RCT of multinutrient supplementation. Diet quality was based on Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI) determined from the Vioscreen FFQ. ADHD, ODD, and DMDD symptoms were assessed using the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5. Other ED symptoms were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Analysis for association was conducted using linear regression models, adjusting for covariates when necessary. Results Family income level was significantly associated with severity of inattention (P = 0.04), emotional problems (P = 0.01), conduct problems (P = 0.002), along with ODD (P = 0.004) and DMDD (P = 0.005) symptoms. Mean HEI score was 63.4 (SD = 8.8) and it was not significantly associated with any of the outcome symptoms. However, scores of HEI components vegetables (β = −0.118, P = 0.016) and refined grains (β = 0.052, P = 0.017) were both associated with inattention even after adjusting for covariates. Similarly, total fruit (β = −0.423, P = 0.037) was associated with conduct problems after adjusting for covariates. Conclusions While better vegetable and total fruit scores were associated with better symptoms in aspects of ADHD and emotional dysregulation, overall diet quality was not associated with inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and ED symptoms severity among this cohort of children. Our findings could be explained by the fact that our study sample had a good diet quality and were only mildly impaired in their ADHD and ED symptoms. Funding Sources This study was funded by the Foundation for Excellence in Mental Health Care, the Wells Fargo/Gratis Foundation, and OSU CTSA award # UL1TR002733.

Equivalency of In-Person Versus Remote Assessment: WISC-V and KTEA-3 Performance in Clinically Referred Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Taralee Hamner ◽  
Cynthia F. Salorio ◽  
Luther Kalb ◽  
Lisa A. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Referred ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
Mental Health Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Math Concepts

Abstract Objective: Teletesting has the potential to reduce numerous barriers to patient care which have only become exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although telehealth is commonly utilized throughout medicine and mental health practices, teletesting has remained limited within cognitive and academic evaluations. This may be largely due to concern for the validity of test administration via remote assessment. This cross-sectional study examined the equivalency of cognitive [Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children – Fifth Edition (WISC-V)] and academic [Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement – Third Edition (KTEA-3)] subtests administered via either teletesting or traditional in-person testing within clinically referred youth. Method: Chart review using a retrospective, cross-sectional design included a total of 893 children and adolescents, ranging from 4 to 17 years (Mean age = 10.2 years, SD = 2.9 years) who were administered at least one subtest from the aforementioned cognitive or academic assessments. Of these, 285 received teletesting, with the remaining (n = 608) receiving in-person assessment. A total of seven subtests (five from the WISC-V and two from the KTEA-3) were examined. A series of inverse probability of exposure weighted (IPEW) linear regression models examined differences between groups for each of the seven subtests after adjustment for numerous demographic, diagnostic, and parent-reported symptom variables. Results: Only two significant differences were found, such that WISC-V Visual Puzzles (p < .01) and KTEA-3 Math Concepts (p = .03) scores were slightly higher in the teletesting versus in-person groups. However, these differences were quite small in magnitude (WISC-V Visual Puzzles, d = .33, KTEA-3 Math Concepts, d = .18). Conclusions: Findings indicate equivalency across methods of service delivery without clinically meaningful differences in scores among referred pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Choose Where You Live Carefully: Built Environment Differences in Children’s Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Alan M. Nevill ◽  
Cézane Priscila Reuter ◽  
Caroline Brand ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Children

Information regarding urban-rural differences in health indicators are scarce in Brazil. This study sought to identify rural-urban differences in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in Brazilian children and adolescents whilst controlling for the important confounding variables including social economic status (SES). This is a cross-sectional study developed with children and adolescents (n = 2250, age 11.54 ± 2.76) selected from a city in the south of Brazil. CRF was estimated using a 6-minute run/walk test. CMR scores were calculated by summing different cardiometabolic risk indicators. CRF was analysed assuming a multiplicative model with allometric body-size components. CMR differences in residential locations was assessed using Analysis of caovariance (ANCOVA) adopting SES, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), age and fitness as covariates. Results indicated a main effect of location (p < 0.001) with children living a rural environment having the highest CRF, and children living in the periphery of towns having the lowest. Analysis also revealed significant main effects of location (p < 0.001) with children living a rural environment having the lowest CMR and children living in the centre of towns having the highest. Therefore, Brazilian children living in a rural environment appear to have superior health benefits.

Feeding difficulties are not associated with higher rates of iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children and adolescents—cross-sectional study

Nutrire ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica S. Soares ◽  
Priscilla Maximino ◽  
Rachel H. V. Machado ◽  
Ana Beatriz Bozzini ◽  
Abykeyla Mellisse Tosatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Brazilian Children

scholarly journals Projeto Esporte Brasil: perfil da aptidão física relacionada ao desempenho esportivo de crianças e adolescentes

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio Brugnara Mello ◽  
Gabriel Alberto Kunst Nagorny ◽  
Marcelo De Castro Haiachi ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya ◽  
Adroaldo Cezar Araujo Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Brazilian Children

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n6p658 The aim of this study was to outline the physical fitness profile related to sport performance of Brazilian children and adolescents, stratified by sex. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study and information was obtained from the Projeto Esporte Brasil (PROESP-Br). The sample consisted of 8,750 voluntary subjects aged 7-17 years evaluated in the period between 2013 and 2015. The following variables were evaluated: lower limb strength (LLS) through the horizontal jump test and upper limb strength (ULS) through mediceball pitch, speed through the 20-meter sprint test and agility through the square test. Variables were classified with PROESP-Br criteria. For data processing, means, standard deviations, absolute and relative frequencies and confidence intervals were used. The results for boys have shown that the “poor” category had the highest prevalence: LLS (40.2%), ULS (29.7%), speed (41.4%) and agility (37.5%). The “excellent” category, as expected, had the lowest prevalence: LLS (3.7%), ULS (4.9%), speed (2.0%) and speed (3.5%). The results for girls were similar to those of boys, where the “poor” category had the highest prevalence: LLS (43.7%), ULS (36.8%), speed (43.8%) and agility (41.0 %). The “excellent” category also had the lowest prevalence: LLS (4.2%), ULS (4.3%), speed (1.6%) and speed (3.1%). The results indicated that the majority of Brazilian children and adolescents have physical fitness related to sport performance. Among variables analyzed, LLS for girls and speed for boys were the components with the most unfavorable results. 

scholarly journals Religion: Interrelationships and Opinions in Children and Adolescents. Interaction between Age and Beliefs

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Rafael López Cordero ◽  
Francisca Ruiz Garzón ◽  
Lourdes Medina Martínez ◽  
María del Carmen Olmos-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

The current trend of secularization seems to be leading to a gradual withdrawal of religion from public spaces. However, in an increasingly internationalized world, it is becoming more and more important to study the roles of religion and religiosity and their potential in relation to dialogue and social conflicts and tensions. Education is a vital field within which to address this religious issue and create an educational dialogue in order to promote coexistence. By following a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on a quasi-experimental methodology with a social–analytical character, our aim is to assess the existing connections between religion, interrelation and opinion in Spanish children and adolescents. Special attention is paid to the interaction between age and beliefs. We carried out our study with the use of a questionnaire distributed to eleven secondary schools, with students aged between 11 and 16 years old, in three regions of southern Spain (Andalusia, Ceuta, and Melilla) characterized by high religious diversity and multiculturalism. The multivariate analysis carried out in this study identifies the effects of variance on the influence of age and religion, highlighting the interaction between the two. It is observed that the youngest students are those who express their opinions about religion the least, while those belonging to younger age groups and majority religions are those who express a greater religious coexistence, with Muslims externalizing their religious condition the most.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document