scholarly journals Determinants of Variation in Household Energy Choice and Consumption: Case from Mahabad City, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Soltani ◽  
Omeid Rahmani ◽  
Amin Beiranvand Pour ◽  
Yousef Ghaderpour ◽  
Ibrahim Ngah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Choice

This study seeks to find a method to identify the dominant pattern of energy choice and consumption in households, centering on demographic factors affecting the use of home appliances. To this aim, this study dealt with a variety of energy sources widely used by households, namely, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), electricity, and kerosene for cooking, heating and cooling, lighting, and home appliances. Additionally, significant associations for the household energy choice and consumption were identified for demographic variables including household size, gender, head-of-household age, educational level, and income group. A logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain quantitative data provided by a survey from 821 households across residential districts of urban and rural areas in Mahabad city, northwest Iran. Obtained data were analyzed within a proposed three-energy dimension model (3-ED). The results showed that, in the case of other variables remaining constant, income may lead to variation in LPG and electricity consumption. Unlike other independent variables, the head-of-household age failed to have a significant impact. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of effective factors got household energy choice and consumption in other cities, and they can be useful for the support of policy-makers in their consumption patterns.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Household Energy Consumption in Ibadan Region; A Spatio-quantitative Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Oyeleke Oluwaseun Oyerinde
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
End Use ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Understanding locational variations in household energy consumption is critical to ascertaining dichotomies of energy use, need and wellbeing. In recognition of this, the study compares quantities of household energy consumption among urban, peri-urban and rural areas in Ibadan region, Nigeria using Net Heating Value (NHV). It employs a stratified random sampling of 166 households across the three zones. Results show that electricity, majorly used for appliances is dominant in the urban in contrast to fuelwood at the peri-urban and rural areas where cooking is the major end use. Though the quantities of total household energy consumption do not vary significantly at p < .05, electricity consumption is however significantly higher in urban households than in peri-urban and rural households. The Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicate that socioeconomic characteristics significantly influenced the quantity of household energy consumption at the urban area only. Major variations between locations appear to be in energy types and end uses rather than quantity consumed.

scholarly journals Determinants of Lighting Energy Transitions in Rural Ethiopia: Lessons from Mida Oromo and Wonisho Districts of Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Kindeye Fenta Mekonnen ◽  
Yohannes Abera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Energy Choice

Modern renewable energy is an important tool to achieve socio-economic transformation, particularly in rural areas of developing countries like Ethiopia. However, most people do not access modern energy and thus providing it is one of the daunting tasks that the government has faced. Knowing energy choice of households is one of the important factors to bring energy transition. However, limited studies are undertaken in the Country on this area. Thus, this paper tried to address the gap by investigating factors affecting households lighting energy choice by taking sample of 442 households in Mida Oromo and Wonisho Districts of Ethiopia. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for analyzing the data. The result shows that households consume a range of traditional, transitional and modern lighting energy sources available in their areas. Wealthy households prefer lighting energy sources that are clean and relatively expensive including, grid electricity and solar energy unlike households in lower income category who opt to cheap and easily available energy sources. The study further highlighted that income is not the only factor affecting household energy transitions. Family size, access to market and road infrastructure, asset of the household and the district of the households, mobile and radio ownership and education attainment of the head or family members are found to be an important determinants affecting energy transition of rural households. The study concluded that any program that aim to provide modern lighting energy sources need to consider all these diverse factors and local contexts.

scholarly journals Prospek Diversifikasi Usaha Rumah Tangga dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan dan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Handewi Purwati Saliem ◽  
Tri Bastuti Purwantini ◽  
Yuni Marisa
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Local Resources

<strong>English</strong><br />This paper aims to study the households’ activities diversification to support food security and poverty alleviation in Indonesia based on reviews of literatures and research results. The study shows that households’ activities diversification has a strategic prospect to support food security efforts and poverty alleviation. However, to apply the results we have to focus on: (1) At macro level, diversification developing efforts are directed toward policy on development model application focused on job creation and economic activities in rural areas, (2) In the era of regional autonomy, local governments’ roles are very strategic in policy implementation on job creation and economic activities through agro-industry development in rural areas based on local resources, (3) Various levels and factors affecting diversification require policy implementation on job creation and economic activities locally specific, (4) Policy on business development for lower and medium income groups facilitates their access to agricultural resources, while for higher income group the policy is to secure their investments in rural areas. Furthermore, policy on reduction of high-cost economy is urgently required.  <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah diversifikasi usaha rumah tangga dalam upaya mendukung ketahanan pangan dan penanggulangan kemiskinan di Indonesia melalui review hasil-hasil penelitian dan studi pustaka. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa diversifikasi usaha rumah tangga memiliki prospek strategis dalam mendukung upaya pemantapan ketahanan pangan dan penanggulangan kemiskinan.  Namun demikian dalam penerapannya perlu memperhatikan beberapa hal yaitu: (1) Secara makro upaya pengembangan diversifikasi  diarahkan pada penerapan kebijakan model pembangunan yang difokuskan pada perluasan kesempatan kerja dan berusaha di pedesaan, (2) Berkaitan dengan otonomi daerah, peran Pemerintah Daerah sangat strategis dalam operasional kebijakan perluasan kesempatan kerja dan peluang berusaha melalui pengembangan agroindustri di pedesaan berbasis potensi wilayah setempat, (3) Adanya variasi tingkat dan faktor yang mempengaruhi diversifikasi usaha rumah tangga menuntut pentingnya penerapan kebijakan pengembangan perluasan kesempatan kerja dan peluang kerja yang bersifat lokal spesifik, (4)  Kebijakan pengembangan diversifikasi usaha bagi kelompok rumah tangga  dengan pendapatan rendah dan sedang diarahkan pada fasilitasi untuk akses terhadap sumberdaya pertanian, sedangkan bagi kelompok pendapatan tinggi dukungan kebijakan yang mampu mendorong keamanan dan kenyamanan berusaha bagi investor untuk melakukan investasi di pedesaan. Fasilitasi berupa kebijakan-kebijakan yang mampu menekan ekonomi biaya tinggi merupakan langkah yang perlu ditempuh.

PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE HAMMER MILL 锤片式粉碎机参数优化与试验研究

2020 ◽  
pp. 341-350
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Changbin He ◽  
Haiqing Tian ◽  
Liu Fei ◽  
Zhang Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Corn Grain

Low productivity and high electricity consumption are considered problems of the hammer mill, which is widely used in current feed production. In this paper, the mechanical properties of corn grain ground by a hammer mill were analysed, and the key factors affecting the performance of the hammer mill were determined. The single-factor experiment and three-factor, three-level quadratic regression orthogonal experiment were carried out with the spindle speed, corn grain moisture content and number of hammers as experimental factors and the productivity and electricity consumption per ton as evaluation indexes. The results showed that the order of influence on the productivity was spindle speed > corn grain moisture content > number of hammers and that the order of influence on the electricity consumption per ton was corn grain moisture content > spindle speed > number of hammers. The parameters were optimized based on the response surface method with the following results: the spindle speed was 4306 r/min, the corn grain moisture content was 10%, and the number of hammers was 24. The validation experiment was carried out with the optimal parameters’ combination. The productivity and electricity consumption per ton were 988.12 kg/h and 5.37 kW·h/t, respectively, which were consistent with the predicted results of the model.

Examining Driver Injury Severity in Single-Vehicle Road Departure Crashes Involving Large Trucks

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110101
Author(s):  
Mehdi Hosseinpour ◽  
Kirolos Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
Concrete Barriers ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Safety Countermeasures ◽  
Injury Severities

Road departure (RD) crashes are among the most severe crashes that can result in fatal or serious injuries, especially when involving large trucks. Most previous studies neglected to incorporate both roadside and median hazards into large-truck RD crash severity analysis. The objective of this study was to identify the significant factors affecting driver injury severity in single-vehicle RD crashes involving large trucks. A random-parameters ordered probit (RPOP) model was developed using extensive crash data collected on roadways in the state of Kentucky between 2015 and 2019. The RPOP model results showed that the effect of local roadways, the natural logarithm of annual average daily traffic (AADT), the presence of median concrete barriers, cable barrier-involved collisions, and dry surfaces were found to be random across the crash observations. The results also showed that older drivers, ejected drivers, and drivers trapped in their truck were more likely to sustain severe single-vehicle RD crashes. Other variables increasing the probability of driver injury severity have included rural areas, dry road surfaces, higher speed limits, single-unit truck types, principal arterials, overturning-consequences, truck fire occurrence, segments with median concrete barriers, and roadside fixed object strikes. On the other hand, wearing seatbelt, local roads and minor collectors, higher AADT, and hitting median cable barriers were associated with lower injury severities. Potential safety countermeasures from the study findings include installing median cable barriers and flattening steep roadside embankments along those roadway stretches with high history of RD large-truck-related crashes.

scholarly journals Intraocular Lens Dislocation after Cataract Surgery in Tambolaka, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Ratna Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intraocular Lens Dislocation ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Iol Dislocation

Intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is a rare complication of cataract extraction requiring prompt surgery. This case report aims to raise awareness of such cases and the importance of post-surgery follow-up. A 58-year-old female patient was found with anterior IOL dislocation a week after phacoemulsification surgery in her right eye. Visual acuity of the right eye was 1/60 with ciliary injection and IOL dislocation to the anterior chamber of the right eye. The patient underwent surgery of the right eye and the IOL haptic was found to be broken. In this case report, the factors affecting IOL dislocation are axis length, broken IOL haptic, and patient activity that increased intraocular pressure. Cataract extraction surgery, although common, needs to be conducted carefully, and it is important for ophthalmologists and general practitioners to detect this condition, especially in rural areas where facilities are limited, as IOL dislocation could occur and requires immediate treatment to achieve a better result.

scholarly journals Development and testing of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use in Kerala, India

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Hebert ◽  
Prakash C Gupta ◽  
Ramesh B Bhonsle ◽  
PR Murti ◽  
Hemali Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Study Population

AbstractObjective:To develop and test a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for use in rural areas of Kerala, India.Design:Based on food use and market surveys of the study area, a quantitative 81-item interviewer-administered FFQ was developed. A validation study was conducted consisting of 24-h diet recalls (24HR) administered on 8 days randomly selected over an entire year and two administrations of the FFQ, one at the beginning of the l-year period and the other at the end. FFQ and 24HR-derived nutrient scores were compared using correlation and regression analyses and by examining differences in the nutrient scores.Setting:Rural villages in Ernakulum district, Kerala, South India.Subjects:In each of 30 households, the male head of household and female food preparer were enrolled.Results:Pearson (parametric) correlation coefficients (rp) averaged about 0.50 in comparing nutrient scores derived from the 24HR with those from the first FFQ and about 0.55 in comparing the second FFQ. On average, Spearman correlation coefficients (rs) were slightly lower than the rp in comparing the scores derived from the first FFQ, but virtually identical for the second FFQ. Regression analyses indicated better agreement in the comparison of the 24HR-derived scores with the first FFQ than the second FFQ. Difference scores, however, tended to be larger in comparing the first FFQ scores with the 24HR.Conclusions:This FFQ produces results broadly comparable to those used in Europe and North America, indicating its suitability for comparing exposures within a study population in reference to health-related endpoints.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the milk production of dairy cattle in northern rural areas of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Begum ◽  
M Anaruzzaman ◽  
MSI Khan ◽  
M Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting

A cross sectional study was conducted to observe the factors affecting the productive performance of dairy cattle from northern rural areas of Bangladesh during July and September 2013. Data of 105 cows, 85 (80.95%) from local and 20 (19.05%) cows from cross breed, were randomly selected for the study. A binary logistic regression, expressed by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, was done to determine the association of daily milk production categorized into ? 2 and > 2 liters (L), based on median, with the significant explanatory variables of body weight, age at first calving, lactation period, vitamin use, type of floor and milking person. The result demonstrated that the probability of milk production of >2 L was 6.16, 4.5, 20.65 and 5.7 times higher from the with animal body weight of >140 kg, age at first calving of >36 m, lactation period of >8 m and vitamin use than that of body weight of 140 kg, age at first calving of ?36 m, lactation period of ? 8 m, and not vitamin used respectively. The chance of milk production of > 2 L was 0.25 and 0.22 times lower for mud floor, and owner milking than that of brick floor and gowala (professional milking person) respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i2.22646 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (2): 41-45, December, 2014

An Investigation of Factors Affecting Usage and Adoption of Internet & Mobile Banking In Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Mazhar ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Umar Fiaz ◽  
Sobia Ishrat ◽  
Muhammad Salman Razzaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Evolution Of Technology ◽  
Technological Acceptance Model ◽  
Acceptance Model ◽  
Cultural Effect

Evolution of technology is a swift process, however, its acceptance and adoption in the society is slackened despite its promising results. Internet / mobile banking is a technological way of conducting banking transactions. The purpose of the current study is to find out the affect of various factors effecting successful adoption of internet   / mobile banking using TAM, technological acceptance model in Pakistan, especially rural areas of the country. Results of the current study obtained using regression analysis reveals that the effect of perceived usefulness and security is significant on internet / mobile banking attitude where attitude significantly impact on intentions to use internet / mobile banking. Also due to the cultural effect this modern banking is not compatible with the lifestyle of rural population of Pakistan though the population widely acknowledged its usefulness.

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