scholarly journals Sequential Disaster Forensics: A Case Study on Direct and Socio-Economic Impacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mendoza ◽  
Schwarze
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Fundamental Causes ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The City

Disaster damages and losses have been increasing in recent decades, highlighting the need to learn from past events. Only a better understanding of the fundamental causes of disasters and their impacts on society can lead to effective prevention and reduction of disaster risk. In this context, disaster forensics focuses on the analysis and interaction of risk factors (i.e., hazard, exposure and vulnerability) and the identification of underlying causes, in order to tackle them through dedicated action. In this work, we explore the results of disaster forensics through a case study of subsequent floods in 2002 and 2013 in the city of Grimma, Saxony, in Germany. Risk factors are investigated to identify their contribution in increasing or reducing disaster damage, in conjunction with socio-economic impacts in the mostly affected inner city of Grimma. In particular, we analyze (i) what data is needed to conduct a disaster forensic analysis and (ii) how much the sequential application of disaster forensics contributes to a better understanding of risk and the identification of the causes of disasters impacts. The analysis shows that the sequential approach for disaster forensics is key for understanding cause–effect relationships regarding socio-economic impacts.

scholarly journals Indeks dan Tingkat Risiko Bahaya Longsor pada Ruas Jalan Nasional di Kabupaten Kerinci dan Kota Sungai Penuh, Provinsi Jambi

CANTILEVER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Mutiara Sari ◽  
Mona Foralisa Toyfur ◽  
Febrian Hadinata
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
External Context ◽  
National Road ◽  
The City

The Regency of Kerinci and The City of Sungai Penuh are areas that prone to landslides. In 2021 and 2021, were 13 landslides on national road sections in both, which disrupted access to both areas. This study aims to calculate the index and determine the risk level of landslides on roads and bridges on national roads in both regions. Assessment methods and variables are taken based on the Guidelines for the Implementation of Risk Analysis for Natural Disasters Affecting Roads and Bridges. The index and risk level assessment are carried out by analyzing the risk factors for landslides, namely: hazard, exposure, vulnerability, external context, and capacity. The mapping of landslide risk based on Geographic Information Systems is based on scoring and weighting in all parameters, as well as overlays among all the constituent parameters. Based on the results of the study on ten national roads (with a total road length of 82.50 km) in the study area into two classes, namely: (a) low class (= 8.72%) on 7 roads located within the city, and (b) medium class (= 91.28%) on three roads connecting the cities.

scholarly journals INDEX AND RISK LEVEL OF LANDSLIDES ON ROAD AND BRIDGES LOCATED ON NATIONAL ROADS (CASE STUDY: KERINCI DISTRICT AND SUNGAI PENUH CITY, JAMBI PROVINCE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mutiara Sari ◽  
Mutiara Yusnidar ◽  
Febrian Hadinata
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Capacity Assessment ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
External Context ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
National Road ◽  
The City

The regency of Kerinci and The city of Sungai Penuh are among the areas prone to landslides, which can impact roads and bridges on national roads. This study aims to determine the index and risk level of landslides on roads and bridges located on national roads in both regions. The index and risk level assessment are carried out by analyzing disaster risk factors, namely: hazard, exposure, vulnerability, external context and capacity. Assessment methods and variables are taken based on the Guidelines for the Implementation of Risk Analysis for Natural Disasters Affecting Roads and Bridges. The mapping of landslide risk based on the Geographical Information System is compiled based on scoring and weighting all parameters, as well as an overlay among all constituent parameters. Based on the sampling results of ten samples of national road sections in the Kerinci Regency and Sungai Penuh City, the risk level of hazard, exposure, vulnerability, external context and road management capacity is divided into two classes, namely the Low class about 7.19 km (= 8.72 %) with seven short roads located within the city and the Medium class, which is 75.31 Km (= 91.28 %), with three roads connecting the cities.

scholarly journals An Operational Framework for Urban Vulnerability to Floods in the Guayas Estuary Region: The Duran Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10292
Author(s):  
Mercy J. Borbor-Cordova ◽  
Geremy Ger ◽  
Angel A. Valdiviezo-Ajila ◽  
Mijail Arias-Hidalgo ◽  
David Matamoros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

Duran is a coastal city located in the Guayas Estuary region in which 24% of urban sectors suffers from the effects of chronic flooding. This study seeks to assess the causes of Duran’s vulnerability by considering exposure, population sensitivity and adaptive capacity to establish alternatives to reduce its vulnerability to flooding. An operational framework is proposed based on the vulnerability definition of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and applying a census-based Index of Vulnerability, a geographic information system and local knowledge of urban development. A Principal Component and equal weighting analysis were applied as well as a spatial clustering to explore the spatial vulnerability across the city. A total of 34% of the city area is mapped as having high and very high vulnerability, mostly occupied by informal settlements (e.g., 288 hectares). Underlying factors were poor quality housing, lack of city services and low adaptive capacity of the community. However, some government housing programs (e.g., El Recreo), with better housing and adaptive capacity were also highly vulnerable. Limited urban planning governance has led to the overloading of storm water and drainage infrastructure which cause chronic flooding. Understanding the underlying causes of vulnerability is critical in order develop integrated strategies that increase city resilience to climate change.

Inheriting the Cultural Context and Constructing the System of Urban Characteristics: A Case Study of Nanjing

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 1313-1317
Author(s):  
Lei Ji ◽  
Jiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Regional Background ◽  
The World ◽  
Nanjing City ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Characteristics

Nowadays, globalization is gradually sweeping across the world, and the traditional cultural context of the city receives unprecedented impact, the urban characteristics are gradually disappearing and there appears to be the phenomenon of “thousand cities with one face”. In such circumstances, looking through the cultural traditions of the nation, inheriting the cultural context of the city and keeping its own cultural independence and the urban characteristics have been an important issue concerned by the countries. This text takes Nanjing as an example to research on the culture of the city under the regional background from the aspects of geography, culture, economy, society and so on along the historical context. On this basis, there is also a discussion about constructing the system of urban characteristics of Nanjing, underlying causes of and approaches to deal with the the characteristics crisis of current Nanjing City.

Family-, Media-, and School-Related Risk Factors of Video Game Addiction

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Rehbein ◽  
Dirk Baier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
School Life ◽  
Video Game Addiction ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Game Addiction

In recent years, a variety of epidemiological studies have provided empirical data on the prevalence of video game addiction (GA) in different age groups. However, few studies investigated the causes of GA and could explain why video game playing as a widespread phenomenon leads to a comparatively small percentage of addicted players. Additionally, the existing longitudinal studies mainly consider psychological trait variables and neglect the possible explanatory value of predictors in socialization regarding media availability, media use, and family and everyday school life. In this paper, the results of a two-wave longitudinal study comprising a sample of students from Grades 4 to 9 (N = 406) are presented. The data show that 15-year-old video game addicts had already exhibited a number of specific risk factors at the age of 10. Students from single-parent families seem to be particularly at risk, as are students with low experienced school well-being and with a weaker social integration in class. The data also indicate that problematic use of video games in childhood increases the risk of GA in adolescence. Male students are especially vulnerable for developing GA. The results of this study are an important contribution to understanding risk factors for GA in adolescents, thereby laying the groundwork for effective prevention measures.

Study of Interior Materials as Passive Fire Protection in Karaoke Building (Case Study: Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Saras Ayu Faradita ◽  
Vinky Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Passive Protection ◽  
Fire Incident ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
Passive Fire Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The City

The fire incident in karaoke buildings in Indonesia which claimed many lives has occurred several times. According to the National Academy of Science US, the smoke toxins that come out of the fire disaster cause 50-80% of deaths. Refers to the data, it is necessary to check further about the building material response to fire during a fire incident. Masterpiece Signature Karaoke is a karaoke building that classified as large and magnificent in the city of Medan which has various material so that it is necessary to study the interior material as passive fire protection. The purpose is to find out how to assess the reliability of fire passive protection regard to the interior materials and recommendations or descriptions of right interior material planning using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method is efficacious to solve the problem of reliability in using interior materials as passive fire protection in Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan building with the results of an Adequate Level of reliability. Then, design recommendations were given for the use of interior materials in karaoke building to improve the reliability results to be better.The results are useful as information for other researchers and karaoke buildings regarding passive fire protection systems at the Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan.

Emplacing Berlin: Digital Itineraries and Short-term Study Abroad in the City

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Apgar
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
The City

As destination of choice for many short-term study abroad programs, Berlin offers students of German language, culture and history a number of sites richly layered with significance. The complexities of these sites and the competing narratives that surround them are difficult for students to grasp in a condensed period of time. Using approaches from the spatial humanities, this article offers a case study for enhancing student learning through the creation of digital maps and itineraries in a campus-based course for subsequent use during a three-week program in Berlin. In particular, the concept of deep mapping is discussed as a means of augmenting understanding of the city and its history from a narrative across time to a narrative across the physical space of the city. As itineraries, these course-based projects were replicated on site. In moving from the digital environment to the urban landscape, this article concludes by noting meanings uncovered and narratives formed as we moved through the physical space of the city.

Analysis of geodetic and legal documentation in the process of expropriation for roads. Krakow case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Anna Trembecka
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The City

Abstract Amendment to the Act on special rules of preparation and implementation of investment in public roads resulted in an accelerated mode of acquisition of land for the development of roads. The decision to authorize the execution of road investment issued on its basis has several effects, i.e. determines the location of a road, approves surveying division, approves construction design and also results in acquisition of a real property by virtue of law by the State Treasury or local government unit, among others. The conducted study revealed that over 3 years, in this mode, the city of Krakow has acquired 31 hectares of land intended for the implementation of road investments. Compensation is determined in separate proceedings based on an appraisal study estimating property value, often at a distant time after the loss of land by the owner. One reason for the lengthy compensation proceedings is challenging the proposed amount of compensation, unregulated legal status of the property as well as imprecise legislation. It is important to properly develop geodetic and legal documentation which accompanies the application for issuance of the decision and is also used in compensation proceedings.

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