scholarly journals Organized Framework of Main Possible Applications of Sheep Wool Fibers in Building Components

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica C.M. Parlato ◽  
Simona M.C. Porto
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Building Components ◽  
High Bacterial Load ◽  
Sheep Wool

Greasy sheep wool is currently considered a special waste for its high bacterial load, with expensive disposal costs for sheep breeders. For this reason, wool is often burned or buried, with serious consequences for the environment. On the other hand, sheep wool is well regarded as one of the most performative insulating natural fibers due to its thermo-hygrometric and acoustic properties. In the building sector, sheep wool meets the requirements of green building components because it is an eco-friendly material, there is a surplus of it, it is annually renewable, and totally recyclable. If used instead of common insulation materials (e.g., fiberglass, rock wool, polyurethane foam, polystyrene), sheep wool offers significant benefits for sustainability such as a reduction in the production costs for new insulating materials and in environmental pollution. Mechanical and physical properties of sheep wool investigated in previous studies were assessed and discussed with the aim of providing an organized framework of possible applications of wool fibers in building components. This paper highlights in detail aspects that have not yet been investigated enough to detect new potential uses of sheep wool fibers in rural buildings and the reuse of traditional ones.

scholarly journals Innovative Use of Sheep Wool for Obtaining Materials with Improved Sound-Absorbing Properties

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Ioana Borlea (Mureşan) ◽  
Ancuţa-Elena Tiuc ◽  
Ovidiu Nemeş ◽  
Horaţiu Vermeşan ◽  
Ovidiu Vasile
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Acoustic Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Sheep Wool

In recent years, natural materials are becoming a valid alternative to traditional sound absorbers due to reduced production costs and environmental protection. This study explores alternative usage of sheep wool as a construction material with improved sound absorbing properties beyond its traditional application as a sound absorber in textile industry or using of waste wool in the textile industry as a raw material. The aim of this study was to obtain materials with improved sound-absorbing properties using sheep wool as a raw material. Seven materials were obtained by hot pressing (60 ÷ 80 °C and 0.05 ÷ 6 MPa) of wool fibers and one by cold pressing. Results showed that by simply hot pressing the wool, a different product was obtained, which could be processed and easily manipulated. The obtained materials had very good sound absorption properties, with acoustic absorption coefficient values of over 0.7 for the frequency range of 800 ÷ 3150 Hz. The results prove that sheep wool has a comparable sound absorption performance to mineral wool or recycled polyurethane foam.

scholarly journals Silane-Functionalized Sheep Wool Fibers from Dairy Industry Waste for the Development of Plasticized PLA Composites with Maleinized Linseed Oil for Injection-Molded Parts

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2523
Author(s):  
Franciszek Pawlak ◽  
Miguel Aldas ◽  
Francisco Parres ◽  
Juan López-Martínez ◽  
Marina Patricia Arrieta
Keyword(s):  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Silane Modification ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Sheep Wool

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was plasticized with maleinized linseed oil (MLO) and further reinforced with sheep wool fibers recovered from the dairy industry. The wool fibers were firstly functionalized with 1 and 2.5 phr of tris(2-methoxyethoxy)(vinyl) (TVS) silane coupling agent and were further used in 1, 5, and 10 phr to reinforce the PLA/MLO matrix. Then, the composite materials were processed by extrusion, followed by injection-molding processes. The mechanical, thermal, microstructural, and surface properties were assessed. While the addition of untreated wool fibers to the plasticized PLA/MLO matrix caused a general decrease in the mechanical properties, the TVS treatment was able to slightly compensate for such mechanical losses. Additionally, a shift in cold crystallization and a decrease in the degree of crystallization were observed due to the fiber silane modification. The microstructural analysis confirmed enhanced interaction between silane-modified fibers and the polymeric matrix. The inclusion of the fiber into the PLA/MLO matrix made the obtained material more hydrophobic, while the yellowish color of the material increased with the fiber content.

scholarly journals Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Polina Podlesnaya ◽  
Madina Rashidova ◽  
Daria Samoilova ◽  
Anatoly Petrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Tumor Stroma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Adjacent Normal Tissue ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
High Bacterial Load

The link between a lung tumor and the lung microbiome is a largely unexplored issue. To investigate the relationship between a lung microbiome and the phenotype of an inflammatory stromal infiltrate, we studied a cohort of 89 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The microbiome was analyzed in tumor and adjacent normal tissue by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Characterization of the tumor stroma was done using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated that the bacterial load was higher in adjacent normal tissue than in a tumor (p = 0.0325) with similar patterns of taxonomic structure and alpha diversity. Lung adenocarcinomas did not differ in their alpha diversity from squamous cell carcinomas, although the content of Gram-positive bacteria increased significantly in the adenocarcinoma group (p = 0.0419). An analysis of an inflammatory infiltrate of tumor stroma showed a correlation of CD68, iNOS and FOXP3 with a histological type of tumor. For the first time we showed that high bacterial load in the tumor combined with increased iNOS expression is a favorable prognostic factor (HR = 0.1824; p = 0.0123), while high bacterial load combined with the increased number of FOXP3+ cells is a marker of poor prognosis (HR = 4.651; p = 0.0116). Thus, we established that bacterial load of the tumor has an opposite prognostic value depending on the status of local antitumor immunity.

High bacterial load in negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) foams used in the treatment of chronic wounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlangga Yusuf ◽  
Xavier Jordan ◽  
Martin Clauss ◽  
Olivier Borens ◽  
Mark Mäder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
High Bacterial Load

scholarly journals Pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease: immunopathogenesis and diagnosis

Pneumologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gina Amanda ◽  
Dianiati Kusumo Sutoyo ◽  
Erlina Burhan
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
High Bacterial Load ◽  
Droplet Nuclei

Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). It has many virulence factors, the most important being a polysaccharide capsule (Cps). There are 97 different serotypes of pneumococcal based on Cps which include both colonization and invasive serotypes. Pneumococcal pneumonia may exist as a result of either aspiration of bacteria in the nasopharynx or inhalation of droplet nuclei which contains bacteria until they reach the lower respiratory tract. This condition will activate both innate and adaptive immune system. The diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia is established in a patient who has the signs and symptoms of pneumonia, accompanied by the detection of S. pneumoniae in microbiology examination. Pneumococcus may also penetrate into a normally sterile site such as bloodstream, meninges, and pleural cavity, and infection of pneumococcus in those sites are defined as an invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). High bacterial load, dysfunction of the immune system, and co-colonization of another microorganism may also lead to IPD.

Diameter and strength of Ethiopian pure and cross-breed sheep wool fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110469
Author(s):  
Dereje Berihun Sitotaw ◽  
Addisu Ferede Tesema ◽  
Adane Haile Woldemariam
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Breed Sheep ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Sheep Wool

The wool fibers fineness and strength have a remarkable role to determine the quality of yarn and the subsequent fabrics. The fineness property of the wool fibers is a crucially important fiber property for grading, classifying, selecting for particular applications such as for suit, blanket, shirt, carpet, and so on. The fineness and strength properties of four indigenous (Menz, Wollo, Farta, Tikur), three exotic (Awasi, Dorper, Corrediale), and four cross-breed (50% Dorper, 50% Awasi, 75% Awsi, Washera/Awasi) sheep wool fibers from the four main body parts (sides, neck, back, and belly) at six teeth removed age of 11 different sheep breeds have been investigated. The samples of wool fibers have been conditioned for 24 h at 20ºC ± 1ºC temperature and 65% ± 2% relative humidity. The specimen for sampling has been determined based on ASTM D2130-01. The results revealed that the fineness and strength of whole fibers taken from different parts of sample sheep varied significantly within the breed and among the breeds. The result revealed that the strength and fineness of the wool fibers have a positive correlation and Ethiopian sheep wool fiber is suitable for numerous types of classical and technical applications.

scholarly journals Factors influencing phagocytosis of Salmonella typhimurium by macrophages in murine schistosomiasis

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Imaculada Muniz-Junqueira ◽  
Aluízio Prata ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Tosta
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Concurrent Infection ◽  
Functional Limit ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
High Bacterial Load ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

We investigated the influence of Salmonella typhimurium load and specific antibodies on phagocytosis in schistosomiasis. Macrophages from Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice showed depressed capacity to increase the phagocytosis in the presence of a high bacterial load, due to a reduced involvement of these cells in phagocytosis and to a deficient ability to increase the number of phagocytosed bacteria. Normal and Salmonella-infected mice increased their phagocytic capacity when exposed to a high bacterial load. Antibody to Salmonella increased the phagocytic capacity of macrophages from Schistosoma-infected mice due to an increase in the number of bacteria phagocytosed but caused no modification in the number of macrophages engaged in phagocytosis. Our data indicate that macrophages from Schistosoma-infected mice work close to their functional limit, since no increase in phagocytosis was observed after increasing the bacterial load. Specific antibodies can improve their phagocytic capacity and, therefore, could help clearing concurrent infection.

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