scholarly journals Estimating the Potential for Conservation and Farming in the Amazon and Cerrado under Four Policy Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amintas Brandão Jr. ◽  
Lisa Rausch ◽  
América Paz Durán ◽  
Ciniro Costa Jr. ◽  
Seth A. Spawn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
Perfect Adherence ◽  
Additional Space ◽  
Policy Scenarios

Since 2013, clearing rates have rapidly increased in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. This acceleration has raised questions about the efficacy of current regional public and private conservation policies that seek to promote agricultural production while conserving remnants of natural vegetation. In this study, we assessed conservation and agricultural outcomes of four potential policy scenarios that represent perfect adherence to private sector, zero-deforestation commitments (i.e., the Amazon soy moratorium—ASM and the Amazon cattle agreements—CA) and to varying levels of implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (FC). Under a zero-clearing scenario, we find that the extent of croplands as of 2017 within the two biomes (31 MHa) could double without further clearing if agriculture were to expand on all previously cleared land that is suitable for crops. Moreover, at least 47 MHa of land that is already cleared but unsuitable for crops would remain available for pasture. Under scenarios in which only legal clearing under the FC could occur, 51 MHa of additional natural vegetation could be cleared. This includes as many as 1 MHa of nonforest vegetation that could be cleared in the Amazon biome without triggering the ASM and CA monitoring systems. Two-thirds of the total vegetation vulnerable to legal clearing is located within the Cerrado biome, and 19 MHa of this land is suitable for cropland expansion. Legal clearing of all of these areas could reduce biodiversity persistence by 4% within the two biomes, when compared with the zero-clearing scenario, and release up to 9 PgCO2e, with the majority (75%) coming from the Cerrado biome. However, when we considered the potential outcomes of full implementation of the FC, we found that 22% (11 MHa) of the 51 MHa of vegetation subject to legal clearing could be protected through the environmental quotas market, while an additional 1 MHa should be replanted across the two biomes, predominantly in the Amazon biome (73% of the area subject to replanting). Together, quotas and replanting could prevent the release of 2 PgCO2e that would otherwise be emitted if all legal clearing occurred. Based on our results, we conclude that ongoing legal clearing could create additional space for cropland and cattle production beyond the substantial existing stocks of cleared areas but would significantly impair local carbon and biodiversity stocks.

Research and technology development needs for scaling up conservation agriculture systems, practices and innovations in Africa.

2022 ◽  
pp. 176-188
Author(s):  
Joseph Mureithi ◽  
Saidi Mkomwa ◽  
Amir Kassam ◽  
Ngari Macharia
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Cropland Area ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Rich ◽  
To Come

Abstract Although the net agricultural production across all regions of Africa has experienced a significant increase, African agriculture has performed below its potential over recent decades. Many aspects have been fronted to curb this situation, including sustainable intensification of farming systems and value-chain transformation through Conservation Agriculture (CA) across Africa. Based on the latest update, Africa has about 2.7 million ha under CA, an increase of 458% over the past 10 years with 2008/09 as baseline. However, this constitutes a mere 1.5% of the global area under CA, and less than 1.4% of the total cropland area in Africa. A combination of modern techniques and the optimization of agroecological processes in CA systems and practices requires that agricultural research plays a bigger role in its evolution and focus in the different regions of Africa. This targeted research should crucially contribute towards making agriculture in Africa more productive, competitive, sustainable and inclusive in terms of its functionality towards the farmer, society and nature. Scientific solutions for agricultural transformation need to be pursued without losing sight of the potentials and fragility of Africa's agricultural environments, the complexity of its agricultural production systems and the continent's rich biodiversity. The agricultural research and development agenda in Africa must build on the rich traditional farming culture, knowledge and practices, supported by coherent longer-vision for investments in science for agricultural development. Most of these investments are expected to come from national public and private sources, with governments also expected to invest in generation of 'public goods' such as the national or global environmental benefits typical of CA, and to also catalyse innovation and support market growth. The absolute imperative is that farmers must shift from outdated conventional tillage-based methods to modern, well-tested and knowledge-based methods of land use. Making this transition will be difficult without the creation of an enabling environment. This chapter discusses the various roles and advances required in CA-based research that will support the adoption of CA systems by millions of smallholder farmers in Africa with a view to enhancing sustainable and effective agricultural development and economic growth.

scholarly journals THE BRAZILIAN FOREST CODE OF 2012: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS AND CURRENT STATUS

2016 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Елена Попова ◽  
Elena Popova ◽  
Никита Руднев ◽  
Nikita Rudnev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
Forest Legislation

The article is devoted to historical and legal analysis and current status of forest legislation in Brazil. The article presents a brief historical overview of forest legislation in Brazil and a detailed description of the new Forest code of 2012, as a legislative act, the adoption of which is due to the deteriorating environmental situation and the necessity of its overcoming. The article describes the circumstances under which this legislation was adopt and concludes with a content analysis of the Forest code, in particular, its main principles such as the commitment of Brazil to protect its forests and other forms of natural vegetation, biodiversity, soils, water resources and the integrity of the climate system; shared responsibility of State, Federal districts and municipalities in cooperation with civil society for policy on conservation and restoration of natural vegetation and its ecological and social functions; creation and mobilization of economic incentives to encourage the preservation and restoration of natural vegetation and sustainable development of productive activities. In addition, the article reveals the purpose of the adoption of the Forest code. It is an establishment of basic rules for preservation in the sphere of forest management. The article also gives the basic terminology of the code. In the end, the authors come to the conclusion that the new code has politically compromise character and its partial conformity with the objectives pursued in its adoption.

scholarly journals Implementing Brazil’s Forest Code: a vital contribution to securing forests and conserving biodiversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Catherine Brock ◽  
Andy Arnell ◽  
Will Simonson ◽  
Aline C. Soterroni ◽  
Aline Mosnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractMeeting Brazil’s ambitious national commitments on both climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation depends on securing its reserves of forest carbon and biodiversity. Brazil’s ‘Forest Code’ is a key tool to reconcile environmental preservation and agricultural production; it limits deforestation and requires forest restoration in illegally deforested areas. However, not all provisions of the law’s 2012 revision have yet been implemented and some are facing new challenges. Using modelled land use change projections for the whole of the country, we show that full implementation and enforcement of the law has the potential to contribute to conserving biodiversity. Biodiversity outcomes will be especially positive if (i) deforested areas are restored in ways that support recolonization by native species and (ii) additional measures are implemented to protect native vegetation in areas like Caatinga dry forests and Cerrado savannas, which may experience added pressure displaced from other regions by Forest Code implementation.

scholarly journals Investment providing of jobs creation in agrarian sphere

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Yevhenii Lanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Research Abstract ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Conducting Research

Topicality. In the economic mechanism of regulation of the labor market in the agrarian sphere is of great importance for forecasting and balancing supply and demand for labor, depending on the volume of agricultural production and the corresponding formation of real investment in job creation in the branch. Therefore, the direction of research of investment processes and employment of the population in the agricultural sphere is relevant. Formulation of the problem. Investment processes in agriculture of Ukraine should provide reproductive processes in the branch, improve the structure of means of production and attract workers to enterprises. At present, there is a rapid reduction in labor force in the agrarian sphere, but there are not enough alternative jobs in the countryside, which increases migration flows in the country. The current urgent task of the state is to create conditions for investing in the creation of jobs in the agrarian sphere to ensure rational employment of the population and food security of the country, etc. The subject of research covers the social and labor aspects of investing in agricultural production. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the directions, terms, volumes and sources of investment in creating jobs in the agricultural sector. Methods of conducting research: abstract-logical, systematic approach, balance, monographic, statistical-economic, economic-mathematical, calculation-constructive methods. Results of the work: quantitative indicators of increase of formal employment of the population in the agrarian and other sectors of the economy and corresponding prognostic scenarios due to activation of investment and reproduction processes in the industry are substantiated; directions, volumes, terms, sources of investment in production of products in agricultural enterprises and improvement of the mechanism of their state support are determined. Practical implementation: formation of investment policy at state, branch and enterprise levels of economy, process of development of state and local programs of promotion of employment of population, agrarian and rural development. Conclusions: activation of investment in labor-intensive production of agricultural products while attracting public and private capital investments in the industry will ensure rational employment of the population in the agrarian sphere, will promote the development of agrarian social and labor relations.

scholarly journals Epigeal invertebrate fauna in monoculture and integrated systems in the cerrado biome Piauí

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e9910413888
Author(s):  
João Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Adriano Veniciús Santana Gualberto ◽  
Renato Falconeres Vogado ◽  
Henrique Antunes de Souza ◽  
Luiz Fernando Carvalho Leite
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

Epigeal fauna are considered key biological indicators of soil quality, which can be used as parameters for determining sustainable agricultural production systems. This study aimed to evaluate the epigeal fauna under different monoculture and integrated production systems in a Yellow Latosol in the Cerrado biome. The epigeal fauna was sampled using pitfall traps in areas of no-tillage, pasture, exclusive eucalyptus cultivation, integrated livestock-forest system and in a native cerrado. The following variables were determined: number of individuals trap-1 day-1, total richness and the indices of Shannon and Pielou. The number of individuals trap-1 day-1 and richness were higher in native cerrado, while the no-tillage area presented the lowest values. For the Shannon and Pielou indices, native cerrado and integrated livestock-forest system presented the highest values while exclusive eucalyptus cultivation and no-tillage presented the lowest values. The pasture, exclusive eucalyptus cultivation and integrated livestock-forest system favored the ecological indexes of the epigeal fauna, while no-tillage was the system that least contributed to the establishment of these organisms. In areas explored with  pasture, exclusive eucalyptus cultivation and  integrated livestock-forest system, the community and the diversity of groups of fauna tend to increase. The association with different groups of fauna is more expressive in environments of native cerrado and exclusive eucalyptus cultivation.

scholarly journals FINANCES OF THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A WAY OF UKRAINIAN AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2(14)) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Anatoliivna Kosach ◽  
Zhanna Petrivna Lysenko ◽  
Artur Hryhorovych Oleksyn
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Budget Support ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex

Urgency of the research. The need to improve the policy of financing agricultural production is due to the lack of budget support and the imperfect mechanisms of indirect state support. Target setting. New economic and political realities make their adjustments to the process of financing and management of investment processes in the industry, which should meet the challenges of the present, based on the world's leading experience and take into account the requirements of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU. This concerns, first of all, the attraction of public-private partnership finance to the process of managing the development of agro-industrial complex. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The research of the problems of financing the AIC is devoted to the works of such domestic scientists as P. Sabluk, O. Gudz, V. Yurchyshyn, P. Gaidutsky. The issues of the implementation of public-private partnership relations are considered by B. Danylyshyn, I. Brailovsky, I. Zapatrina, M. Zabastansky and many others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The aforementioned studies do not consider the possibility of financing the agroindustrial complex on the principles of the implementation of public-private partnership relations and the advantages of a combination of public and private finance. The research objective. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the possibilities of using PPP as an effective tool for financial support in the process of financing agricultural development. The statement of basic materials. The present state of financing of agroindustrial complex and agricultural production as a priority branch is analyzed. The expediency of implementation of public-private partnership in the agroindustrial complex is substantiated. The main directions of using public-private partnership tools in the context of improving the policy of financing the develobpment of agro-industrial complex are considered. Conclusions. Effective, responsible and transparent use of public-private partnership finances will allow for a steady economic growth of the branches of the domestic agroindustrial complex.

What will be required to guarantee the sustainability of U.S. agriculture in the 21st century?

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Dicks
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Agricultural Producer ◽  
Production Agriculture ◽  
Production Practices

AbstractThe increased effort by Congress to reduce agriculture's adverse consequences on the environment has been focused almost entirely on changing agricultural production practices at the farm level Because the agricultural sector is highly integrated, attempts to change a specific industry within the sector, such as production, input supply, or processing, may have undesirable effects. Programs designed to achieve society's environmental objectives by forcing change in agricultural production practices will lead to increased frustration, new programs and regulations, and further conflict between society and farmers. To guarantee sustainability of U.S. agriculture into the next century, efforts to incorporate new social needs into production agriculture should include changes in the research agendas of public and private institutions, marketing grades and standards, and the institutions that support the agricultural producer.

scholarly journals Preservation areas x environmental legislation in the Rio das Almas hydrographic basin, Ceres microregion (GO) between 2008/2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-133
Author(s):  
Karhene Garcia Rodrigues de Sousa ◽  
Maria Gonçalves da Silva Barbalho ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Silva ◽  
Cristiane Gonçalves Moraes ◽  
Josana de Castro Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Forest Code

The aim of this research was to analyze the remaining areas of vegetation cover, with emphasis on permanent preservation areas (APPs) and legal reserve areas (RLs), in the Rio das Almas hydrographic region, Microregion of Ceres (GO). In order to analysis and mapping, it was considered two specific periods: 2008 related to the deadline established by the 2012 Forest Code to amnesty deforestation, regions nominated as consolidated rural areas, and 2016, to map and calculate APPs and RLs. The results revealed that deforestation occurred before 2008 and, therefore, possibly the vast majority of the analyzed farms fall under the amnesty provided by Law 12.651 / 2012. There was also a reduction of natural vegetation around 4.0% over the 8-year period.

scholarly journals Expansão da produção agrícola no território do Matopiba: territorialização de agentes econômicos do setor sojicultor em Porto Nacional – TO / Expansion of agricultural production in the territory of Matopiba: territorialisation of economic agents (...)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (52) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Ribeiro Rocua ◽  
Atamis Antonio Foschiera
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
To Come ◽  
The City

<p>O município de Porto Nacional – TO vem passando por transformações no setor agrícola. Estas transformações estiveram e estão vinculadas a fatores como, políticas de Estado voltadas para modernização do processo produtivo no campo, programas de financiamentos agrícolas públicos e privados, territorialização do agronegócio e migrações. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar os agentes econômicos que promoveram e promovem a expansão do agronegócio, tendo como referencia a soja, nesse município. Em meados da década de 2000 inicia-se a segunda fase da modernização agrícola em Porto Nacional ocasionado pela territorialização do capital privado, baseado na produção de soja. A partir desse momento tem-se um número crescente de empresas de suporte a produção de soja se instalando em Porto Nacional e região. Uma parte dessas empresas ocupam espaços já consolidados e outras estão produzindo novos espaços, reconfigurando a lógica econômica da cidade, que por séculos foi voltada para a atividade pecuária.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras chave: </strong>Territorialização, Agentes Econômicos, Agronegócio, Porto Nacional.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The city of Porto Nacional - TO come passing through changes in the agricultural sector. These transformations have been and are linked to factors such as, State policies aimed at modernizing the productive process in the field, programs of agricultural funding public and private, territorialisation of agribusiness and migrations. The present study aims to characterize the economic agents who have promoted and promotes the expansion of agribusiness, taking as a reference the soybean, in this county. In the mid-1990s 2000 begins the second phase of the modernization of agriculture in Porto National caused by the territorialisation of private capital, based on soybean yield. From that moment has become an increasing number of companies to support the production of soya, installing themselves in Porto National and region. A part of these companies occupy spaces already consolidated and others are producing new spaces, reconfiguring the economic logic of the county, which for centuries has been facing the livestock.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Key words:</strong> Territorialization, economic agents, Agribusiness, Porto Nacional.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Geographic reconstruction of a Central-West Brazilian landscape devastated during the first half of the 20th century: Mato Grosso de Goiás

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Christian Della Giustina ◽  
Sandro Dutra e Silva ◽  
Eder de Souza Martins
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Original Area

In the history of humanity, there are various accounts of ecosystems that were devastated to the detriment of scientific knowledge. In Brazil, the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes are emblematic of this phenomenon. Specifically, within the latter, an environment consisting predominantly of savanna, a large tropical forest enclave existed, known as Mato Grosso de Goiás. This ecosystem was almost devastated by the Brazilian land expansion policies during the first half of the 20th century. The objective of this study is to estimate the extent of the original area of the Mato Grosso de Goiás ecosystem through integration of historical and cartographic data using geoprocessing techniques. The original area was estimated around 26,391 km². These data can aid in the planning of conservation policies for the Cerrado biome. In addition, the used methodology can be adapted to similar studies, especially in the field of environmental science.

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