scholarly journals The Contribution of NBS to Urban Resilience in Stormwater Management and Control: A Framework with Stakeholder Validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Beceiro ◽  
Rita Salgado Brito ◽  
Ana Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Performance Assessment System ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Control

Urban waters represent a crucial component for the enhancement of urban resilience due to their importance in cities. Nature-based solutions (NBS) have emerged as sustainable solutions to contribute to urban resilience in order to meet the challenges of climate change. In order to promote the use of NBS for increasing urban resilience, tools that demonstrate the value of this type of solutions over the long-term are required. A performance assessment system provides an adequate basis for demonstrating this value, as well as for diagnosing the current city situation, selecting and monitoring the implementation of solutions. Regarding NBS management, some assessment approaches have been published, focusing on assessing the effectiveness of NBS in the face of climate change and supporting their design and impact assessment. Nevertheless, an integrated approach to assess the NBS contribution for urban resilience has not been published. This paper presents a comprehensive resilience assessment framework (RAF) to evaluate the NBS contribution for urban resilience, focused on solutions for stormwater management and control. Furthermore, details on stakeholders’ validation, with focus on the metrics’ relevance and applicability to cities, is also presented.

Climate Change and the Health of Urban Populations

Urban Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Patrick L. Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Risk Of Exposure

Global climate change represents one of the sentinel changes the world is facing and that will threaten population health in this century. In the context of urban health, climate change threatens to increase urban heat island effects, to change exposure to pollution, and to increase urban residents’ risk of exposure to natural disasters, among other phenomena. And yet urban innovation is central to the longer term solution to climate change from the development of innovative approaches that reduce cities’ carbon footprint to initiatives that increase urban resilience in the face of climate change threats. This chapter discusses the threat that climate change poses for urban populations and potential approaches that can mitigate this challenge toward improving urban health.

scholarly journals Resilience Assessment Framework for Nature Based Solutions in Stormwater Management and Control: Application to Cities with Different Resilience Maturity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10040
Author(s):  
Paula Beceiro ◽  
Ana Galvão ◽  
Rita Salgado Brito
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Control Application ◽  
Available Information ◽  
And Control ◽  
Resilience Assessment

Cities face unprecedented demographic, environmental, economic, social, and spatial challenges. In recent years, the implementation of nature-based solutions (NBS) is becoming more relevant in cities to improve urban resilience and to cope with climate change. NBS represent cost effective solutions that simultaneously provide environmental, social, and economic benefits and help build resilience. A comprehensive and multi-dimension Resilience Assessment Framework (RAF) to evaluate the NBS contribution to urban resilience, focused on NBS for stormwater management and control, was developed. This RAF is aligned with the RESCCUE RAF and the main assessment frameworks focused on NBS and urban resilience. This RAF for NBS is driven by the definition of resilience objectives and is able to evaluate short- and long-term changes, considering a comprehensive definition of the urban resilience and addressing the environmental, social, and economic capabilities. Regarding the initial resilience maturity and the available information in the city, three analysis degrees were proposed for the RAF application, namely, the essential, complementary, and comprehensive degrees, for which a pre-defined selection of metrics is proposed. This paper aims to present the application of the RAF essential analysis degree and its extensive validation regarding cities with different resilience maturity and available information. The application to seven cities with different resilience and NBS challenges allowed an in-depth validation of the pre-defined metrics included in the RAF essential analysis. In this sense, the analysis of the resilience maturity of the participating cities is presented, the main challenges and consolidated aspects in the cities are identified, and the cities ready to apply the complementary analysis degree are recognized. To conclude, to validate the essential analysis degree, the assessment of the main requirements of the RAF for NBS are verified, based on the RAF metrics results for the cities. In this light, the main requirements of the RAF for NBS were aggregated in three main categories, namely, NBS aspects, resilience capabilities, and the performance, risk and cost analysis.

scholarly journals Water Sensitive Cities: An Integrated Approach to Enhance Urban Flood Resilience in Parma (Northern Italy)

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Arianna Dada ◽  
Christian Urich ◽  
Francesca Berteni ◽  
Michèle Pezzagno ◽  
Patrizia Piro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Sustainable Solutions

Climate change is globally causing more intense meteorological phenomena. Our cities experience increased rainfall intensity, more intense heat waves, and prolonged droughts providing economic, social, health and environmental challenges. Combined with population growth and rapid urbanization, the increasing impact of climate change will make our cities more and more vulnerable, especially to urban flooding. In order to adapt our urban water systems to these challenges, the adoption of newly emerging water management strategies is required. The complexity and scale of this challenge calls for the integration of knowledge from different disciplines and collaborative approaches. The water sensitive cities principles provide guidance for developing new techniques, strategies, policies, and tools to improve the livability, sustainability, and resilience of cities. In this study, the DAnCE4Water modeling approach promoting the development of water sensitive cities was applied to Parma, an Italian town that has faced serious water issues in the last few years. The city, indeed, had to face the consequences of flooding several times, caused by the inadequacy of both the network of open channels and the sewerage network due to the urban expansion and climate change of the last 30 years. Through the model, the efficiency of decentralized technologies, such as green roofs and porous pavement, and their integration with the existing centralized combined sewer system was assessed under a range of urban development scenarios. The obtained results show that the adoption of an integrated approach, including soft engineering hydraulic strategies, consisting in the use of natural and sustainable solutions, can increase resilience to urban flooding. Further, the study shows that there is a critical need for strategic investment in solutions that will deliver long-term sustainable outcomes.

scholarly journals A Monitoring and Control System for Stormwater Management of Urban Green Infrastructure

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1438
Author(s):  
Mingkun Xie ◽  
Ruijun Wang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Yuning Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Monitoring And Control System ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Infrastructure ◽  
And Control

Urban green infrastructure (UGI) can be used as a sustainable stormwater management approach. UGI can bring numerous ecological benefits to cities, including increased urban resilience, increased availability of water resources, and optimization of habitats. This paper used empirical research methods to describe an Internet of things (IoT)-based UGI monitoring and control system for stormwater management (MCSSWM). Using a Xuzhou-based practical project in China as a case study, we introduce the construction process, method, and monitoring results of the system. The results showed that the MCSSWM could be beneficial for UGI ecological performance evaluation and management.

scholarly journals Assessing Resilience to Climate Change in US Cities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casilda Saavedra ◽  
William W. Budd ◽  
Nicholas P. Lovrich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Social Features ◽  
The Face ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation Strategies

In the face of uncertainties associated with climate change, building adaptive capacity and resilience at the community level emerges as an essential and timely element of local planning. However, key social factors that facilitate the effective building and maintenance of urban resilience are poorly understood. Two groups of US cities differing markedly in their commitment to climate change are contrasted with respect to their planning approaches and actions related to mitigation and adaptation strategies, and also in relation to social features that are believed to enhance adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change. The first group manifests a strong commitment to climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the second group has demonstrated little or no such commitment. These cities are compared with respect to several noteworthy social features, including level of social capital, degree of unconventional thought, and level of cultural diversity. These characteristics are postulated to contribute to the adaptive capacity of communities for dealing with the impacts of climate change. The aim is to determine to what extent there is a relationship between social/cultural structures and urban commitment and planning for climate change that could discriminate between climate change resilient and nonresilient urban areas.

scholarly journals Reconnecting with nature: Developing urban spaces in the age of climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Urban Fringe ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Decline ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Daily Contact ◽  
The Face ◽  
Reflective Essay

Climate change is occurring around us and impacting on our daily lives, meaning that we have to deal with our cities in a different way. There is also increasing awareness of the need for daily contact with green spaces and the natural environment in order to live a happy, productive and meaningful life. This reflective essay tells the narrative of how urbanisation has been disconnecting humans from nature. Non-sustainable, non-resilient patterns of urbanisation, along with the neglect of inner-city areas, have resulted in fragmentation and urban decline, led to a loss of biodiversity, and caused the deterioration of ecosystems and their services. Urban regeneration projects allow us to ‘repair’ and restore some of this damage whilst enhancing urban resilience. Connecting existing and enhanced ecosystems, and re-establishing ecosystems both within cities and at the peri-urban fringe is vital for strengthening ecosystem resilience and building adaptive capacity for coping with the effects of climate change. Cities worldwide need to look for suitable solutions to increase the resilience of their urban spaces in the face of climate change. This essay explores how this can be achieved through the integration of nature-based solutions, the re-greening of neighbourhoods and by correctly attributing value to natural capital. Transforming existing cities and neighbourhoods in this way will enable ecosystems to contribute their services towards healthier and more liveable cities.

scholarly journals Management Strategies for Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Hatchery in the Face of Climate Change Induced Rising Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
S. M. Ashiqul Alam ◽  
Md. Shirajul Islam Sarkar ◽  
Md. Mahbubul Alam Miah ◽  
Harunur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
The Face ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
And Control

In the quest for appropriate management strategies for less egg production in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) due to climate change induced increasing temperature, five treatments (T): shade with cloth over brood hapa (T1), increase in pond depth (T2), aeration (T3), combination of above three interventions (T4) and control (no intervention) (T5) were investigated in a commercial hatchery in Mymensingh, Bangladesh during April to September. Mean egg production in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 was 20488, 15369, 3596, 21021 and 3979 eggs/hapa, respectively. T1 was the best strategy considered due to efficiency and simplicity. In May T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 produced highest 30859, 36119, 8997, 45876 and 5506 eggs/hapa at 29.69°C, 30.12°C, 29.96°C, 29.61°C, and 31.26°C temperature, respectively. The most suitable water temperature for highest egg production (20365 eggs/hapa) was 29-31°C. Egg production above 32°C was found to be very low (179 eggs/hapa). Suitable ranges of dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, ammonia and turbidity for egg production were found to be 4.5-6.0 mg/L, 8.0-8.8, 105-150 mg/L, 0-0.5 mg/L and 15-35 cm, respectively. In high temperature months commercial fish hatcheries should use shed with cloth over brood hapa to produce higher amount eggs.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment System for Energy Efficiency in Wastewater Systems

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1807
Author(s):  
Catarina Jorge ◽  
Maria do Céu Almeida ◽  
Dídia Covas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Performance Assessment System ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Support Decision Making

Performance assessment is essential to effectively evaluate and monitor the activity of water utilities, support decision making, and encourage continuous improvement. Performance assessment systems (PAS), covering several service objectives and criteria, have been successfully applied in water supply and wastewater systems. Tailored approaches focusing on the assessment of the energy use and efficiency in wastewater systems are still limited. This paper aims at the development and demonstration of a comprehensive PAS for energy efficiency, tailored for wastewater systems, incorporating criteria related to energy consumption, operation and maintenance (O&M) costs, and environmental impacts, such as untreated discharges and greenhouse gases emissions, among others. Management and control of excessive or undue inflows to these systems is specifically addressed by several novel criteria and metrics. The proposed PAS should be adapted by each utility to be aligned with the objectives of the organisation and with the implemented asset management strategy. The proposed approach and the resulting consolidated PAS are thoroughly described. Results from the application of the PAS to several Portuguese utilities are discussed. This PAS aims at contributing to a reliable and replicable process to assess energy efficiency in wastewater systems and to encourage a more rational energy management.

Contesting imaginaries in the Australian city: Urban planning, public storytelling and the implications for climate change

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1536-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Potter
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Place Making ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

In Australia, environmental degradation goes hand in hand with exclusionary and mono-vocal tactics of place-making. This article argues that dominant cultural imaginaries inform material and discursive practices of place-making with significant consequence for diverse, inclusive and climate change-responsive urban environments. Urban planning in the modern global city commonly deploys imaginaries in line with neoliberal logics, and this article takes a particular interest in the impact of this on Indigenous Australians, whose original dispossession connects through to current Indigenous urban experiences of exclusion which are set to intensify in the face of increasing climate change. The article explores what urban resilience means in this context, focusing on a case study of urban development in Port Adelaide, South Australia, and broadens the question of dispossession through the forces of global capital to potentially all of humanity in the Anthropocene.

scholarly journals Strengths and weaknesses of the 100 Resilient Cities Initiative in Southern Europe: Rome and Athens’ experiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Galderisi ◽  
Giada Limongi ◽  
Konstantina-Dimitra Salata
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Multiple Shocks ◽  
Implementing Strategies ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract Cities are nowadays faced with an unprecedented crisis, due above all to the impacts of climate change and the increasing social inequalities, which require innovative approaches and more effective tools. Resilience is widely interpreted as a key principle to re-frame urban policies, paving the way to cross-sectoral urban strategies capable of better coping with contemporary challenges. This contribution focuses in particular on the 100 Resilient Cities (100RC) Initiative, launched by the Rockefeller Foundation and addressed to support cities all over the world in developing and implementing strategies capable of increasing urban resilience in the face of multiple shocks and stresses, including climate change. In detail, based on the comparative analysis of two case studies, Rome and Athens, this paper aims at providing insights on the main strengths and weaknesses of cities’ resilience-building processes developed under the 100RC Initiative and at deeply analyzing the contribution of the delivered Resilience Strategies to the improvement of cities’ capacities to cope with contemporary challenges and above all with the increasing impacts of climate change.

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