scholarly journals Analysis of Façade Color and Cost to Improve Visual Integration of Buildings in the Rural Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3840
Author(s):  
María Jesús Montero-Parejo ◽  
Lorenzo García Moruno ◽  
Antonio Manuel Reyes Rodríguez ◽  
Julio Hernández Blanco ◽  
Jacinto Garrido Velarde
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Visual Integration ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Exterior Design

In recent decades, rural buildings have proliferated in the rural environment, in many cases clashing with the surroundings. One of the main objectives in rural areas must be to maintain a balance between economic and sustainable development. In the exterior design of buildings, it is necessary to follow technical and scientific criteria that respect the natural environment, and one of the most important parameters in this scenario is façade color. This article analyzes the costs of using different colors on façades and how color variations affect the integration of buildings in the rural landscape. It addresses the context of rural buildings in the Extremadura region of Spain, where large areas of undeveloped land are available to drive economic development. Ten technical projects and photos of buildings were used for the study. A palette of suitable colors developed and proposed in previous studies was used to improve the external finishes of the façades. The variation in cost was calculated between the current designs and improved alternatives simulated using infographs, and a survey was conducted to determine how the rating of the landscape integration changed. The analysis shows that a building façade in a suitable color is always a significantly better rated solution than a finish in white (by 9%–14%). The results obtained are important because they show that a small variation in the cost of a building can significantly increase the rating of its integration and, therefore, give value added to the intervention because it respects the natural environment.

scholarly journals The design and reconstruction of the geographical landscape is realized in the rural fragile space

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Ding Fanzhuo ◽  
Zhang Jixiao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
The Face ◽  
Land Desertification ◽  
Planning And Construction

In the face of the two-way threat of the deteriorating natural environment and accelerating urbanization progress, the countryside has obvious landscape fragile characteristics, such as water and soil erosion, land desertification and industrial ruins left, some of spaces are even harder to remedy. It is of great significance and value for the planning and construction of rural areas to study the fragile space of rural landscape, identify the cause of its fragile and carry out landscape design and reconstruction.

scholarly journals Research on ecological restoration of rural landscape based on environmental value-added

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 03014
Author(s):  
Ajun Wan ◽  
Xiaolei Qi ◽  
Runqiu Tu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Value ◽  
Application Prospects

Reasonable planning of green space can effectively play the urban ecosystem service function and promote the sustainable development of rural areas. Taking LiuTian village in Shaanxi Province as an example, based on the analysis of rural landscape pattern, this paper explores the landscape comprehensive evaluation and planning ideas based on environmental value-added. The research results provide reference for the landscape construction and planning of the same type of villages in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, and have good application prospects.

scholarly journals Reasons of realization of low energy consuming houses on rural areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 055-066
Author(s):  
Mirosława Górecka
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Carrier ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Energy Consuming

In the introduction of the paper, the term of low energy consuming building construction and the essence of its realization on rural areas are explained. The basic reasons of building of low energy consuming houses were detailed, such as: the protection of natural environment of rural areas, among others through establishing ecological family farms, reduction of heating costs of rural buildings situated in an open area (belonging mainly to farmers’ families); the possibility of application of unconventional energy sources supporting systems which supply a conventional energy carrier, the systems being often unreliable, ineffective and expensive for the consumers.

New Isolation Technology of Rural Buildings

2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 825-831
Author(s):  
Shou Ping Shang ◽  
Bo Wen Zhu ◽  
Xue Zhang Wen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Isolation Layer ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Constructional Column ◽  
Great Damage

China is a large agricultural nation where most of the population and national economy is concentrated in rural areas. At the meantime, our country is a seismic country where earthquakes frequently take place. The earthquake disaster of Wenchuan in 2008 seemed that it always cost a great damage in rural areas. According to the present situation, a new type of seismic practical technology called steel-asphalt composite isolation lay is put forward with the characteristics of economic, simple and reliable. In order to test the effect of the new isolation layer, we have built a new house in use of the isolation layer nearby the rural areas in Changsha, beside the shaking table experiment in laboratory. The practical engineering in masonry structure has three floors and a basement. After the structure of the house had been finished, we tested the isolation effectiveness of the house. The results showed that the isolation layer can decay the acceleration about 40% and the isolation effectiveness is very well. Therefore, the seismic grade of the super structure can be reduced. So we took use of the High Performance Ferrocement Laminate as the ring beam and constructional column instead of the reinforced concrete. The cost of the upper structure can be reduced. And the money can be taken used on the building of the isolation layer. Therefore the whole cost of the structure didn’t increased.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Aspects of the Forests in Portugal: Recent Evolution and Perspectives of Sustainability of the Resource

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel Jorge Ribeiro Nunes ◽  
Catarina Isabel Rodrigues Meireles ◽  
Carlos José Pinto Gomes ◽  
Nuno Manuel Cabral de Almeida Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Production Industry

Portuguese forests have always played an essential role in the socioeconomic development of national rural areas, but also in several forest-based industrial sectors, such as the cork, pulp and paper, and wood panels industries. In addition to these dominant sectors, there are also several other uses for forest timber, such as being the major raw materials to the production of furniture or devoted to the growing biomass pellets production industry. This review article presents the evolution of the forest industrial sector throughout the recent past, and its impact on the development of the rural environment, from a socioeconomic perspective, namely concerning the jobs and value-added creation, as well as the importance of the forest in national industrial development. It shows the importance of sustainable forest management for the development of the rural environment, as an essential sector for the creation of wealth and for the establishment of populations in the interior regions of the country.

scholarly journals Investment and Profitability of Community Heating Systems Using Bioenergy in Finland: Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11757
Author(s):  
Raghu KC ◽  
Jarno Föhr ◽  
Arun Gyawali ◽  
Tapio Ranta
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
The Cost

Oil heating systems are abundant in rural Finland and they need to be replaced by renewable energy as Finland aims to be carbon neutral by 2035. Bioenergy, one of the renewable energies, is a common source of energy in Finland as the country is rich in forest resources. In Finland, combined heat and power plants utilize such resource to produce district heat and electricity but Finnish rural areas do not have access to the district heating network. However, there are potential scenarios where community heating could be possible using portable chip-fired heating systems (heat containers). Ultimately, the cost of heating is an important factor for the consumers and the cost of investment is likely to put off any interest from the communities. In this research, we explored the cost and profitability of heat container investments in rural Finland and examined the challenges for the energy transition away from oil heating systems, as well as the opportunities decentralized biomass-fired heating systems might bring. The results of this research indicate that the price of heat produced in heat containers is comparatively higher than district heating, which is commonly used in cities in Finland, but is cost-competitive compared to oil heating depending on the price of oil. For example, the current price of LFO (~1 EUR/l) generates costlier heat than the 300 kW heat container provides. Firing wood pellets in the heat container is not economically viable due to expensive raw material but smaller-sized heat container (110 kW) firing wood chips could provide cost-competitive heat if uptime is raised to >2700 h/year. There are socio-economic impacts and value-added effects on the rural region due to utilization of local resource instead of imported LFO but there remain challenges and barriers such as high initial investment, low investment support and lack of policies focused on decentralised energy enterprises.

Implementasi Analisis Proses Bisnis Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Biaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Aniek Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
The Cost

Business Process Analysis can be used to eliminate or reduce a waste cost caused by non value added activities that exist in a process. This research aims at evaluating activities carried out in the natural material procurement process in the PT XYZ, calculating the effectiveness of the process cycle, finding a way to improve the process management, and calculating the cost reduction that can achieved by activity management. A case study was the approach of this research. The researcher obtained research data throughout deep interviews with the staff who directly involved in the process, observation, and documentation of natural material procurement. The result of this study show that the effectiveness of the process cycle of natural material procurement in the factory reached as much as 87,1% for the sand material and 72% for the crushed stone. This indicates that the process still carry activities with no added value and still contain ineffective costs. Through the Business Process Mechanism, these non value added activities can be managed so that the process cycle becomes more efficient and cost effectiveness is achieved. The result of the effective cycle calculation after the management activities implementation is 100%. This means that the cost of natural material procurement process has become effective. The result of calculation of the estimated cost reduction as a result of management activity is as much as Rp249.026.635,90 per year.

Analysis of Roofing Materials for Rural Buildings Projects: Costs and Visual Integration

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 587-592
Author(s):  
Antonio M. Reyes-Rodríguez ◽  
Justo García-Sanz-Calcedo ◽  
Lorenzo García-Moruno ◽  
Julio Hernández-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Visual Integration ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Roofing Materials

The Experience in Organizing and Conducting the Analysis of Data on Nutrition of School-Aged Children in the Sverdlovsk Region within the Federal Public Health Promotion Project

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
NA Moiseeva ◽  
IL Kholstinina ◽  
MF Knyazeva ◽  
TV Mazhaeva ◽  
OL Malykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
School Meals ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Public Health Promotion

Introduction: Implementation of the Federal Public Health Promotion Project should raise awareness and develop skills of healthy nutrition in children, thus contributing to disease prevention. Our objective was to evaluate the results of pilot nutrition monitoring in school-aged children of the Sverdlovsk Region as part of the Federal Public Health Promotion Project and the National Demography Project. Results: We established that school meals were generally satisfactory: the rations complied with physiological needs of children in terms of their nutritional value, basic nutrients, energy, and distribution of calories by main meals. We noted differences in the cost and nutritional value of meals and the variety of dishes and foodstuffs used between urban and rural areas. As a rule, pupils have one or two school meals a day. Outside of school, their consumption of dairy products and fruit is limited. Conclusions: Our findings may promote the elaboration of municipal programs aimed, inter alia, at changing the amount of sugar and salt used in the manufacture of public catering products, the cost of dishes with a high content of sugar, saturated fats, and salt, and subsidies on healthy nutrition.

scholarly journals Location of Biorefineries Based on Olive-Derived Biomass in Andalusia, Spain

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3052
Author(s):  
Diego Cardoza ◽  
Inmaculada Romero ◽  
Teresa Martínez ◽  
Encarnación Ruiz ◽  
Francisco J. Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Olive Stones

A biorefinery integrated process based on lignocellulosic feedstock is especially interesting in rural areas with a high density of agricultural and agro-industrial wastes, which is the case for olive crop areas and their associated industries. In the region of Andalusia, in the south of Spain, the provinces of Jaén, Córdoba and Seville accumulate more than 70% of the olive wastes generated in Spain. Therefore, the valorisation of these wastes is a matter of interest from both an environmental and a social point of view. The olive biorefinery involves a multi-product process from different raw materials: olive leaves, exhausted olive pomace, olive stones and olive tree pruning residues. Biorefinery processes associated with these wastes would allow their valorisation to produce bioenergy and high value-added renewable products. In this work, using geographic information system tools, the biomass from olive crop fields, mills and olive pomace-extracting industries, where these wastes are generated, was determined and quantified in the study area. In addition, the vulnerability of the territory was evaluated through an environmental and territorial analysis that allowed for the determination of the reception capacity of the study area. Then, information layers corresponding to the availability of the four biomass wastes, and layers corresponding to the environmental fragility of the study area were overlapped and they resulted in an overall map. This made it possible to identify the best areas for the implementation of the biorefineries based on olive-derived biomass. Finally, as an example, three zones were selected for this purpose. These locations corresponded to low fragility areas with a high availability of biomass (more than 300,000 tons/year) in a 30 km radius, which would ensure the biomass supply.

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