scholarly journals An Analysis of the Socio-Economic and Human Life Impact of Implementing the eCall In Vehicle System (IVS) in the Purpose of Ensuring Sustainable, Improved Rescue Operations on European Roads

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Zirra ◽  
Alexandra Perju-Mitran ◽  
George Căruţaşu ◽  
Alexandru Pîrjan ◽  
Eugen Gabriel Garais
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Vehicle System ◽  
Rescue Chain ◽  
Implementation Costs

Ensuring a higher degree of road safety contributes both to the quality of transport services and to the level of the costs involved in rescue operations. The initiation points of managing a rescue operation are situational awareness on accident detection and the appropriate assessment of the required resources. The eCall in Vehicle System (eCall IVS) for passenger vehicles aims to minimize rescue team arrival times to accident sites, and meet assignment needs in the rescue chain. Implementation costs and benefits for the eCall IVS have been investigated, providing implications for rescue operations management. The findings show that the benefits of eCall IVS implementation outweigh the costs, and savings achieved in the rescue operations are obtained by shortening the time to reach the place of the accident and by efficient intervention through a more accurate allocation of the necessary resources, due to timely and relevant information.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Smart Response Web (NG-SRW): An Operational Spatial Decision Support System for Maritime Oil Spill Emergency Response in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6585
Author(s):  
Mihhail Fetissov ◽  
Robert Aps ◽  
Floris Goerlandt ◽  
Holger Jänes ◽  
Jonne Kotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
The Baltic

The Baltic Sea is a unique and sensitive brackish-water ecosystem vulnerable to damage from shipping activities. Despite high levels of maritime safety in the area, there is a continued risk of oil spills and associated harmful environmental impacts. Achieving common situational awareness between oil spill response decision makers and other actors, such as merchant vessel and Vessel Traffic Service center operators, is an important step to minimizing detrimental effects. This paper presents the Next-Generation Smart Response Web (NG-SRW), a web-based application to aid decision making concerning oil spill response. This tool aims to provide, dynamically and interactively, relevant information on oil spills. By integrating the analysis and visualization of dynamic spill features with the sensitivity of environmental elements and value of human uses, the benefits of potential response actions can be compared, helping to develop an appropriate response strategy. The oil spill process simulation enables the response authorities to judge better the complexity and dynamic behavior of the systems and processes behind the potential environmental impact assessment and thereby better control the oil combat action.

scholarly journals Understanding Users’ Satisfaction Towards Public Transit System in India: A Case-Study of Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Rahul Das
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Developing Cities

In this work, we present a novel approach to understand the quality of public transit system in resource constrained regions using user-generated contents. With growing urban population, it is getting difficult to manage travel demand in an effective way. This problem is more prevalent in developing cities due to lack of budget and proper surveillance system. Due to resource constraints, developing cities have limited infrastructure to monitor transport services. To improve the quality and patronage of public transit system, authorities often use manual travel surveys. But manual surveys often suffer from quality issues. For example, respondents may not provide all the detailed travel information in a manual travel survey. The survey may have sampling bias. Due to close-ended design (specific questions in the questionnaire), lots of relevant information may not be captured in a manual survey process. To address these issues, we investigated if user-generated contents, for example, Twitter data, can be used to understand service quality in Greater Mumbai in India, which can complement existing manual survey process. To do this, we assumed that, if a tweet is relevant to public transport system and contains negative sentiment, then that tweet expresses user’s dissatisfaction towards the public transport service. Since most of the tweets do not have any explicit geolocation, we also presented a model that does not only extract users’ dissatisfaction towards public transit system but also retrieves the spatial context of dissatisfaction and the potential causes that affect the service quality. It is observed that a Random Forest-based model outperforms other machine learning models, while yielding 0.97 precision and 0.88 F1-score.

Diminishing Reality: Potential Benefits and Risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
I. Murph ◽  
M. McDonald ◽  
K. Richardson ◽  
M. Wilkinson ◽  
S. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Cognitive Aids ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Completion Times

Within distracting environments, it is difficult to maintain attentional focus on complex tasks. Cognitive aids can support attention by adding relevant information to the environment, such as via augmented reality (AR). However, there may be a benefit in removing elements from the environment, such as irrelevant alarms, displays, and conversations. De-emphasis of distracting elements is a type of AR called Diminished Reality (DR). Although de-emphasizing distraction may help focus on a primary task, it may also reduce situational awareness (SA) of other activities that may become relevant. In the current study, participants will assemble a medical ventilator during a simulated emergency while experiencing varying levels of DR. Participants will also be probed to assess secondary SA. We anticipate that participants will have better accuracy and completion times in the full DR conditions but their SA will suffer. Future applications include the design of future DR systems and improved training methods.

scholarly journals Topic Maps For Improving Services In Disaster Operations Management

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Alan Wang ◽  
Christopher W. Zobel
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Service Science ◽  
Semantic Technologies ◽  
Application Area ◽  
Topic Maps ◽  
Preliminary Discussion

Disaster operations management is an increasingly important application area for the developing techniques of service science. This paper examines the use of topic maps, a semantic technology, within this environment, and provides a preliminary discussion of the benefits that its implementation can provide in the capture and exchange of contextual information. The discussion is motivated by a look at the different phases of disaster operations management in a services context, and focuses on the need for effective and relevant information exchange as an important part of the services process. As the amount and complexity of information increases within such processes, semantic technologies are becoming increasingly important as a means representing and managing contextual information. This paper seeks to help further the understanding of the relevance of such tools as part of the study of service science.

scholarly journals Security Risk Measurement for Information Leakage in IoT-Based Smart Homes from a Situational Awareness Perspective

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mookyu Park ◽  
Haengrok Oh ◽  
Kyungho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Information Leakage ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a technology that is extensively being used in various fields. Companies like Samsung, LG, and Apple are launching home appliances that use IoT as a part of their smart home business. Currently, Intelligent Things which combine artificial intelligence (AI) and IoT are being developed. Most of these devices are configured to collect and respond to human behavior (motion, voice, etc.) through built-in sensors. If IoT devices do not ensure high security, personal information could be leaked. This paper describes the IoT security threats that can cause information leakage from a hierarchical viewpoint of cyberspace. In addition, because these smart home-based IoT devices are closely related to human life, considering social damage is a problem. To overcome this, we propose a framework to measure the risk of IoT devices based on security scenarios that can occur in a smart home.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potential dam break flood risks of the cascade dams Mexa and Bougous (El Taref, Algeria)

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Bouchehed ◽  
Mustapha K. Mihoubi ◽  
Oussama Derdous ◽  
Lakhdar Djemili
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Flood Wave ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract The implementation of Bougous dam at 5 km upstream of Mexa dam permits to compensate the storage capacity and to reduce sediment yields in the later, however, these advantages must be associated to the fact that the presence of two large dams in the region poses in case of a dam break event a potential threat to human life and property. Indeed, in this study a numerical simulation of the dam break wave propagation resulting from the failure of the two dams was performed using the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model Telemac-2D, in order to estimate the impacts on constructions located in the downstream valley. The simulation results exported to GIS platform allowed the elaboration of cartographic materials depicting the hydraulic characteristics of the flood wave and its arrival times at key locations, which constitute very useful information for the authorities to avoid significant loss in case of the failure of Bougous and Mexa dams.

scholarly journals LINGVOCULTURAL NATURE OF THE VERNACULAR NAMES OF AUTHENTIC DISHES IN ENGLISH, UKRAINIAN, FRENCH AND POLISH LANGUAGES OF THE XIXTH CENTURY

10.23856/3611 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Palchevska
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
National Community ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
National Cuisine ◽  
Social Components ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with the study of nominative units designating authentic dishes and drinks in the 19th century vernacular of the Ukrainian, English, French and Polish languages as well as the features revealing their linguistic and cultural specificity. The relevance of such research is determined by the lack of comprehensive studies of the gluttony phenomenon of in the Ukrainian, English, French and Polish languages, as well as the need to delineate the linguosemiotic and linguocultural parameters of the 19th century glutonic names. The author reveals the meaning of the term "nominative units linguocultural marking", defines its differential features; outlines the theoretical basis for the study of nominative units for the designation of authentic foods and beverages; analyzes metaphorical models of such nominations creation; finds out linguocultural features of glutonic names; describes the main methods of nomination (motivational features and the most productive word-forming models). Food is an integral part of human life, yet it is specific to a particular national community. The vitality of any nation is reflected in its cuisine. The natural, social and economic conditions of each nation also affect what do people eat. The gastronomy area we are exploring is one of greatest nationally specific areas. With the development of agriculture and the market, national cuisine and gastronomy are constantly evolving, which is reflected in the vocabulary and phraseology of the language. Collective memory and national phraseology absorb and preserve sociocultural concepts and associations that are connected with product names and national cuisine that have evolved over the centuries. Culture is a complex phenomenon that contains material, spiritual and social components. The very process of communication between people is carried out by means of a set of non-verbal (sound, visual, haptic, facial, gestural, kinetic, proxemic, etc.) and verbal or languge (oral and written) ways of transmitting culturally relevant information. Both verbal and non-verbal codes of culture reflect the external aspect of culture, while the internal aspect is related to its axiological system.

scholarly journals Fundamentals of theoretical and applied aspects of functioning of collective life saving equipment of sea going ship crews

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Dorokhov ◽  
Nadezhda Vladimirovna Pakhomova
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Life Saving

The article presents the substantiation of efficiency of sea transport in the world transport system. The main condition of ensuring water safety is equipment of ships with fail-safe and effective collective life-saving equipment (CLSE). Today the standard rescue operation when using CLSE is a series-parallel action of the ship’s crew, where the ship is sinking on an even keel, or with a slight roll to one side. It has been stated that such cases are extremely rare. As a rule, the situation develops rapidly. Accident statistics disposes to developing the modern approaches to the safety of human life at sea. There are two directions for safety ensuring. One of them is the development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems for CLSE, when CLSE independently, without human control, responds to the emergency with greater probability of the ship loss and the crew death. Another direction is when there is no need to save the crew (in case of unmanned ships). There are considered the Russian diesel engines for the lifeboats: specialized marine diesels 4CHSP9.5/11 - Caspiy 30M and 4CHSP9.5/11 - Caspiy 40. Both engines are equipped with a dual start-up system - manual and electric starter, they have a reverse gear transmission, a single-circuit flow-through sea water cooling system, decompression devices and standard mounted units, ac-cording to the requirements of the International Convention of Saving Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the International Code of Life-Saving Appliances (LSA Code). In modern environment, the scientific foundations and technical solutions are being developed to ensure the reliable start-up of swirl-chamber diesel engines by exposing the fuel to physical fields, without using glow plugs

scholarly journals Control Model for Intelligent and Demand-Driven Supply Chains

2012 ◽  
pp. 262-283
Author(s):  
Jan Strandhagen ◽  
Heidi C. Dreyer ◽  
Anita Romsdal
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Trust And Power

Orchestrating supply chains is challenging. This chapter describes how to control a supply chain to make it truly demand-driven – based on the assumption that all relevant information is made available to all partners in real time. The chapter explores the elements of a framework for intelligent and demand-driven supply chain control, with regards to the overall concept and associated principles, and demonstrates these in a case example. Challenges to the realization of the proposed control model include trust and power, supply chain dynamicity and uncertainty, and required investments in competence, standardization, and information and communication technology. Some of these can be met through initial small-scale implementations of the proposed model, to demonstrate effects, and by exploiting facilities for information sharing and collaboration, like supply chain dashboards and control studios. Future research within operations management, technology and information and communications technology (ICT) will support broader realization of the proposed control model.

scholarly journals Use of Blockchain Technology to Curb Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Transmission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Data Tracking ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Authentic Data ◽  
Wide Family

WHO was informed on 31 December 2019 of cases of unknown cause pneumonia in Wuhan City, China. On 7 January 2020 Chinese authorities reported a novel coronavirus as the cause and was temporarily labeled "2019-nCoV." Coronaviruses (CoV) are a wide family of viruses which cause diseases ranging from common cold to more serious illnesses. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain not previously found in humans. Countries around the globe have stepped up their surveillance to quickly detect any new 2019-nCoV cases. Blockchain is developing into a safe and efficient network for secure data sharing in applications such as the financial industry, operations management, food industry, energy market, the Internet of Things and healthcare. In this paper, we are using blockchain technology as a mean to share authentic data, tracking of relevant information and help speed up the treatment process. At the same time it will preserve person’s identity. Timely deployment and suitable implementation of the proposed model have the opportunity to curb COVID-19 transmissions and associated mortality, especially in environments with inadequate access to testing facilities. This work will also facilitate in the treatment of other infectious diseases. Smart contract have been designed and implemented using the ethereum blockchain platform which has been presented in this paper. This work would facilitate multiple stakeholders who are involved within the medical system to curb the transmission of this disease.

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