scholarly journals The Marine Plastic Litter Issue: A Social-Economic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8677
Author(s):  
Samuel Abalansa ◽  
Badr El Mahrad ◽  
Godwin Kofi Vondolia ◽  
John Icely ◽  
Alice Newton
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Pressure State

The issue of marine plastic litter pollution is multifaceted, cross-sectoral, and ongoing in the absence of appropriate management measures. This study analysed the issue of marine plastic litter pollution in the context of the Descriptor 10 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and Good Environmental Status of the oceans and seas. The Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework was used to assess the causes, effects, and management measures to changes in the marine environment resulting from marine plastics pollution. We noted that less than 10 peer-reviewed publications have applied the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model to the issue of marine plastics pollution. Some basic needs such as food security, movement of goods and services, and shelter are also some of the major drivers of marine plastic pollution. The use of plastics is linked to multiple economic sectors (fisheries, agriculture, transport, packaging, construction) and other human activities. A significant amount of the resulting pressures came from the economic sectors for packaging and construction. State changes occurred at the environmental (contamination and bioaccumulation), ecosystem (ingestion of plastics, ghost fishing) and ecosystem service levels (supply of sea food, salt and cultural benefits), with possible loss of jobs and income being some of the observed impacts on human welfare. Responses as management measures, which are tailored to meet each component of the DPSIR framework, were identified. These included policies, regulations, technological advancement and behavioural change. The research acknowledges the issue of marine plastics pollution as a global environmental problem and recommends a trans-disciplinary approach, involving all types of stakeholders. Future research and analysis applying the DPSIR framework will be useful to provide the information necessary for the effective, adaptive management of litter pollution by marine plastics.

scholarly journals DPSIR Framework – A Decision – Making Tool for Municipalities

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Majorošová
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Fallopia Japonica ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
Pressure State ◽  
Decision Making Tool ◽  
Riverbank Vegetation

AbstractMany municipalities in Central Europe deal with the problem of invasive species in their natural ecosystems. Invasive vegetation eradicates native species and causes dense stands that damage the natural environment. This work shows how important it is to have an informative tool for municipalities to be successful in their struggles with invasive species. A Driver – Pressure – State – Impact - Response (DPSIR) framework is a decision - making tool, and this one is particularly applied to the species Fallopia japonica. Fallopia japonica is an extremely invasive and aggressive weed, and it is very often found in riverbank vegetation. This specific framework can be used as a tool for municipal managers to highlight all the problems with Fallopia japonica and define all the responses that should be provided by the municipalities. The work points out the steps that show how important it is to have a strategy or a clear concept of how to begin with such a serious issue as the presence of Fallopia japonica in riverbank vegetation and its eradication. This framework provides simple steps that cannot be excluded when a municipality start actions against Fallopia japonica. All the indicators used in the model are based on the information known about Fallopia japonica that are presented in the literature.

Binding the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Braids: A review of geomorphic change in the world's largest delta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Paszkowski ◽  
Steven Goodbred Jr ◽  
Edoardo Borgomeo ◽  
M. Shah Alam Khan ◽  
Jim W. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Delta System ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
Pressure State

<p>The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) rivers deliver the greatest sediment flux to the world’s oceans, generating the Earth’s largest delta system, which is home to over 170 million people. Despite its scale and complexity, the GBM delta system remains a relatively under-researched region, with geomorphic dynamics often overlooked in studies of its vulnerability. A synthesis of these research efforts remains absent, resulting in most geomorphic studies being spatially, temporally, and topically fragmented. In this research, we therefore bind these studies together, providing a holistic, delta-wide account of the GBM’s prevailing dynamics and evolution, as well as identify key areas for future research. We built a sample of 427 peer-reviewed articles published from 1863 to 2020, and applied the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to the geomorphic dynamics of the delta. We find that the delta has been responding to complex natural and anthropogenic perturbations in the form of subsidence, shifting river flows and sedimentation patterns. These processes subsequently impact on the extent and magnitude of flooding, result in losses to biodiversity, and most critically, severely disrupt local livelihoods. Amongst other key systemic gaps identified in this research, this study finds that (i) the GBM delta is typically assessed and modelled as a physical system with limited recognition of the dynamic interaction with human actions; and (ii) only 5% of studies assessed how the morphology of the delta may change in the future. Ultimately, this systematic review argues that although climate change and sea-level rise remain major concerns for the delta in the coming decades, multi-scale management and policy decisions have a more direct influence on the future geomorphic balance of the GBM delta.</p>

scholarly journals Development Indicators and Soybean Production in Brazil

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1164
Author(s):  
Marley Nunes Vituri Toloi ◽  
Silvia Helena Bonilla ◽  
Rodrigo Carlo Toloi ◽  
Helton Raimundo Oliveira Silva ◽  
Irenilza de Alencar Nääs
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Environmental Development ◽  
Pressure State

Due to its agricultural potential, land extensions, and favorable climate, Brazil is one of the largest producers and exporters of various agricultural products. A significant part of this production is placed in Mato Grosso, the primary national producer of several agricultural commodities. The soybean complex alone produced more than 33 million tons of soybean for the 2019/2020 harvest, representing 27% of national production. The economic potential that the soybean commodity represents is linked to the increase in demand for inputs, planted area, production, and productivity. Given these factors, the present study aims to analyze how the largest municipalities of soybean production behave, and the degree of interaction and positive associations between the economic potential promoted by soybean production and the economic/social development and environmental impacts in the Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The methodology was to categorize the thirty largest soybean producing municipalities, using the factor analysis method for selected indicators. The interpretation is made through the adoption of the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework. The results indicated that the groups formed are not homogeneous in terms of socio-economic and environmental development. The three factors that formed, were interpreted using the DPSIR are characterized by the significant influence of the population, reflect on its development, how economic activities are other and not just agriculture. The second also belongs to the driver in the DPSRI framework group. It is associated with the soybean production indicator, implying larger planting areas, generating jobs focused on agricultural activities. The interpretation is made through the adoption of the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework. The results indicated that the groups formed are not homogeneous in terms of socio-economic and environmental development. The significant influence of the population characterizes the three found factors. The first reflects on the region’s development and how other economic activities (not just agriculture) are carried on. The second also belongs to the driver in the DPSRI framework group, and it is associated with the soybean production indicator, generating jobs focused on agricultural activities. The third group, formed by municipalities in the Amazon region, with environmental factors associated with large geographical areas, extensive native forests, and more significant carbon sequestration, considers the DPSRI framework’s impacts. Showing that there are behavior patterns and taking this into account is the optimal way to use the predictors appropriately. Municipalities are expected to be more reactive to some changes than to others to achieve a good level of development.

scholarly journals An Integrated Analysis of the Eutrophication Process in the Enxoé Reservoir within the DPSIR Framework

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Ramos ◽  
Hanaa Darouich ◽  
Maria Gonçalves ◽  
David Brito ◽  
Maria Castelo Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
P Release ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
Pressure State

The Enxoé reservoir in southern Portugal has been exhibiting the highest trophic state in the country since its early years of operation. The problem has attracted water managers’ and researchers’ attention as the reservoir is the water supply for two municipalities. Extensive research was thus conducted over the last few years, including field monitoring and modelling at the plot, catchment, and reservoir scales. This study now frames all partial findings within the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to better understand the eutrophication process in the Enxoé reservoir. Agriculture and grazing were found to have a reduced role in the eutrophication of the reservoir, with annual sediment and nutrient loads being comparably smaller or similar to those reported for other Mediterranean catchments. Flash floods were the main mechanism for transporting particle elements to the reservoir, being in some cases able to carry up three times the average annual load. However, the main eutrophication mechanisms in the reservoir were P release from deposited sediment under anoxic conditions and the process of internal recycling of organic matter and nutrients. Reducing the P load from the catchment and deposited sediment could lead to a mesotrophic state level in the reservoir. However, this level would only be sustainable by limiting the P internal load ability to reach the photic zone.

A Study on the Decoupling between Economic Growth and Carbon Dioxide: A Case on the Shanxi Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1425-1428
Author(s):  
Dong Rui Qing ◽  
Yao Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Dpsir Framework ◽  
Pressure State ◽  
Force Pressure

The paper introduce and handle OECD decoupling model based on DPSIR framework(the driving force-pressure-state-impact-response).Through the model recommended by IPCC, calculate the emissions of carbon dioxide of industrial department in Shanxi province during the period of 2000-2007.Analysing the situation of decoupling among GDP of Shanxi, the energy consumption of Shanxi industrial and carbon dioxide emissions with OECD decoupling model.The conclusion shows that the industry in Shanxi has exhibited outspread link among GDP,energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and also this paper analyse the reasons of this situation.

Contemporary Employee Recruitment Practices and Areas of Future Research in Indian Railways

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 745-763
Author(s):  
Akhila Rao ◽  
Shailashri V. T ◽  
Molly Sanjay Chaudhuri ◽  
Kondru Sudheer Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Manpower Planning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Employee Recruitment ◽  
Recruitment Practices ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
The Government ◽  
Recruitment And Selection

The modern business milieu is highly competitive due to vast technological advancement which makes employees a vital source of competitive advantage. Precisely, the recruitment process has become a key determinant of an organization’s success and a logistic capital resource to the human resource; thus, the process should be entirely modern. A conventional recruitment and selection process comprises of job analysis, manpower planning, and recruitment and selection. The current study seeks to explore employee recruitment practices and proposes areas of future research in Indian Railways using secondary data. It also gives recommendations on how to improve the recruitment practices in the government-owned Indian Railways. The trends investigated in the study include the applicant tracking software (ATS), use of video resumes, Chatbots, the utilization of social networks, and increased focus on passive candidates.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Menz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comparative Political Economy ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Roll Out

This chapter summarizes some of the book’s main arguments and provides avenues for future research. We point to the ideational turn as well as to culturally based enquiries into Comparative Political Economy as offering particular promise. Finally, this chapter additionally points to two major sources of societal and economic transformation, discussing in passing other major economic changes, such as increasing automation, advances in artificial intelligence, and the roll-out of robots across a variety of economic sectors. These two potentially explosive sources of change include energy security, a field in which the race for autarchy is juxtaposed with limits to the practical applicability of renewable energy sources. Environmental factors and environmental degradation similarly impose dramatic constraints to further economic development and might induce a dramatic reconfiguration.

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