scholarly journals Vertically Integrated Supply Chain of Batteries, Electric Vehicles, and Charging Infrastructure: A Review of Three Milestone Projects from Theory of Constraints Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3632
Author(s):  
Michael Naor ◽  
Alex Coman ◽  
Anat Wiznizer
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Integrated Supply Chain

This research utilizes case study methodology based on longitudinal interviews over a decade coupled with secondary data sources to juxtapose Tesla with two high-profile past mega-projects in the electric transportation industry, EV-1 and Better Place. The theory of constraints serves as a lens to identify production and market bottlenecks for the dissemination of electric vehicles. The valuable lessons learned from EV1 failure and Better Place bankruptcy paved the way for Tesla’s operations strategy to build gigafactories which bears a resemblance to Ford T mass production last century. Specifically, EV1 relied on external suppliers to develop batteries, while Better Place was dependent on a single manufacturer to build cars uniquely compatible with its charging infrastructure, whereas Tesla established a closed-loop, green, vertically integrated supply chain consisting of batteries, electric cars and charging infrastructure to meet its customers evolving needs. The analysis unveils several limitations of the Tesla business model which can impede its worldwide expansion, such as utility grid overload and a shortage of raw material, which Tesla strives to address by innovating advanced batteries and further extending its vertically integrated supply chain to the mining industry. The study concludes by sketching fruitful possible avenues for future research.

Integrated Supply Chain Intelligence through Collaborative Planning, Analytics and Monitoring

2011 ◽  
pp. 43-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Stefanovic ◽  
Dusan Stefanovic ◽  
Bozidar Radenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Collaborative Planning ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Integrated Supply Chain

As supply chains are growing increasingly complex, from linear arrangements to interconnected, multi-echelon, collaborative networks of companies, there is much more information that needs to be stored and analyzed than there was just a few years ago. Today, there are variety of business initiatives and technologies such as joint planning and execution, business intelligence, performance management, data mining and alerting that can be used for more efficient supply chain management. However, organizations still lack methods, processes and tools to successfully design and implement these systems. In this chapter, the authors present the integrated supply chain intelligence (SCI) system that enables collaborative planning and decision making through web-based analytics and process monitoring. The system is process based and utilizes business intelligence and Internet technologies. Multi-layered and service-oriented architecture enables composition of the new breed of SCI applications. They describe main elements and capabilities of the system, its advantages over existing systems and also discuss future research trends and opportunities.

scholarly journals Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer Charging Infrastructure for Future EVs: From Experimental Track to Real Circulated Roads Demonstrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Laporte ◽  
Gérard Coquery ◽  
Virginie Deniau ◽  
Alexandre De Bernardinis ◽  
Nicolas Hautière
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Mechanical Contact ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
System Characterization

In a context of growing electrification of road transport, Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) appears as an appealing alternative technology as it enables Electric Vehicles (EVs) to charge while driving and without any mechanical contact (with overhead cables or rails in the ground). Although the WPT technology background dates from the end of 20th century, recent advances in semiconductor technologies have enabled the first real demonstrations. Within the FABRIC European project, the French research Institute VEDECOM and its partners implemented a whole prototype wireless power transfer charging infrastructure. The first demonstrations of Inductive WPT in different real driving conditions (up to 20 kW, from 0 to 100 km/h, with one or two serial vehicles) were provided. This paper describes the prototype equipment and its instrumentation and provides the system characterization results. The future of the Inductive WPT technology is further discussed considering its different technical and economic challenges. In parallel, how this technology could be part of future generation road infrastructures is discussed. Future research and demonstration steps are presented in the conclusion.

scholarly journals New Risk Situations Related to Low Noise from Electric Vehicles: Perception of Workers as Pedestrians and Other Vehicle Drivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6701
Author(s):  
María Carmen Pardo-Ferreira ◽  
Juan Antonio Torrecilla-García ◽  
Carlos de las Heras-Rosas ◽  
Juan Carlos Rubio-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Low Speeds ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Sales of electric and hybrid electric vehicles are increasing steadily worldwide, and consequently their presence increases in city areas. At low speeds, the low levels of noise produced by these vehicles could become a new risk factor for road users. However, the magnitude of the risk has not been accurately determined. In addition, its inclusion in the work environment could pose a new risk that should be managed. Thus, in relation to low noise levels of electric and hybrid vehicles, this study aimed to characterise the risk situations and determine the risk perception of workers as pedestrians and internal combustion engine vehicle drivers coming into contact with these vehicles. The data were extracted from 417 questionnaires filled out by the employees of public service companies who come into contact with electric and hybrid vehicles during their working day in the city of Málaga, in the region of Andalusia, Spain. According to the experiences reported, it seems that the risk due to the low noise levels of electric vehicles is moderate and does not reach alarming levels. These risk situations usually occurred in low speed urban areas, particularly when crossing the road, or in semi-pedestrian areas. Almost half the respondents considered that the electric vehicle poses a risk to other road users because it is more difficult to hear, and they believe it likely that other road users could be injured. Despite that risk, pedestrians did not change their way of walking or moving around the parking areas and other areas of the company. Electric and hybrid electric cars are now required to produce sound when travelling at low speeds. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this measure should be assessed once implemented and future research should explore alternative non-acoustic measures.

scholarly journals Integrated Supply Chain Management in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Manufacturing Industry: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4(J)) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Gabriel Oyebanjo OGUNLELA
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Fast Moving Consumer Goods ◽  
Integrated Supply Chain

A move towards integrated supply chain management (ISCM) in the various manufacturing industries, with the integration of the different associated processes involved, is gaining prominence as a tool for achieving competitive advantage over rival companies. Various studies have been carried out on ISCM globally, with possible problems affecting competitiveness and effective customer service identified as nonintegration, ranging from internal processes to suppliers. This paper reviewed literature on the application of ISCM in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Manufacturing industry in Nigeria. This involved collecting, sorting, grouping and analysing of available papers to identify strengths and weaknesses and suggest the direction for future research. The review shows that, although some research has been conducted onISCM in the manufacturing industry, little has been done in the FMCG manufacturing industry globally, and in particular, ISCM is still in the initial stages of adoption in Nigeria. The aim of this review is to unearth the extent of application and implementation of ISCM in the FMCG industry in Nigeria, and advise on the status of ISCM and problems confronting its implementation and use. This paper posits that, based on the reviewed literature, there is a need for the FMCG manufacturing industry in Nigeria to implement ISCM, considering its importance as iterated by both academics and business managers. This review was carried out focusing on literature relating to ISCM in the FMCG Manufacturing industry and does not cover the entire manufacturing industry.  

scholarly journals A Framework for Analysis and Expansion of Public Charging Infrastructure under Fast Penetration of Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Pallonetto ◽  
Marta Galvani ◽  
Agostino Torti ◽  
Simone Vantini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
European Policy ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Network Expansion ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
Machine Learning Models

The improvement commercial competitiveness of private electric vehicles supported by the European policy for the decarbonisation of transport and with the consumers awareness-raising about CO2 emissions and climate change, are driving the increase of electric vehicles on the roads. Therefore, public charging networks are facing the challenge of supply electricity to a fast increasing number of electric cars. The objective of this paper is to establish an assessment framework for analysis and monitor of existing charging networks. The developed methodology comprises modelling the charging infrastructure electricity profile, analysing the data by using machine learning models such as functional k-means clustering and defining a novel congestion metric. The described framework has been tested against Irish public charging network historical datasets. The analyses reveal a lack of reliability of the communication network infrastructure, frequent congestion events for commercial and shopping areas in specific clusters of charge points and the presence of power peaks caused by the high number of simultaneous charging events. Several recommendations for future network expansion have been highlighted.

scholarly journals Operational Methods for Charging of Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Bálint Csonka ◽  
Márton Havas ◽  
Csaba Csiszár ◽  
Dávid Földes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Electric Networks ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Operational Methods

The increasing number of electric vehicles induces a new relationship between the electric vehicles, transportation network and electric network. The deployment of the charging infrastructure is a prerequisite of the widespread of electric vehicles. Furthermore, the charging process and energy management have a significant influence on the operation of both the transportation and electric networks. Therefore, we have elaborated novel operational methods that support the deployment of charging infrastructure for electric cars and buses operating in public bus service, and the energy management. Weighted sum-models were developed to assess candidate sites for public charging stations. The mathematical model of public bus services was elaborated that supports the optimization of static charging infrastructure at bus stops and terminals without schedule adjustments. The flexibility and predictability of charging sessions were identified as the main differences between charging infrastructure deployment for cars and buses. Furthermore, the flows of energy, information and value have been revealed among the components of charging with a focus on commercial locations, which is the basis of energy flow optimization on the smart grid.

Retrospective on the launch of IJPDLM – lessons for the future of logistics and supply chain management research

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Remko van Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Founding Editor ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Research In Education

PurposeThis paper offers a retrospective on the launch and first volumes of this journal. It describes the history of a unique period in our discipline when founding fathers in the US and UK collaborated with industry and each other to create a new field.Design/methodology/approachThe authors interviewed founding editor Professor Martin Christopher and coeditor in Chief Professor Doug Lambert, conducted a bibliometric review of the first volumes of the journal and informed the analysis by approaches taken in other retrospectives published in the journal. The authors also feature historical artifacts from the journal.FindingsThe editorial focus during the early days of the journal demonstrate how the roots of the field are in cost modeling and technical work but quickly moved toward customer orientation and managerial focus. The editorial approach during the early days of the journal was on innovative research and publishing, scholarship engaged with industry, a focus on relevance and industry impact as well as leveraging research in education.Originality/valueThere have been retrospectives on the journals most recent volumes but what the authors aim to do is to reflect upon the launch and the first volumes of the journal. The authors expand and further detail the timeline of the development of the logistics field. In the process, the authors identify several historical roots for topics of greater focus in logistics and supply chain management in later years. The authors also find that many of the essential approaches and lessons learned in the period leading up to the launch and shortly after the launch of the journal do not only capture the early development of the discipline it also offers an approach and model for scholarship worthy of consideration still today. On top of that, several of the lessons learned in that period hold high relevance still today and they imply part of the path forward for the discipline and the journal, the authors develop questions for future research and research and editorial strategies.

Blockchain Application to the SMEs in the Food Industry

2022 ◽  
pp. 19-42
Author(s):  
Daniel Ruzza ◽  
Lorenza Morandini ◽  
Alessandro Chelli
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Implementation Costs ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Trace Components

The agri-food sector is the highest application of blockchain technology to track and trace components and raw material along the supply chain. Blockchain presents many potential advantages; however, small and medium enterprises often lack the means and knowledge to exploit this technology fully. This chapter presents a case study of blockchain application, namely Trusty, a platform for the notarization of fully traceable information on blockchain in the agri-food sector. Thanks to its limited up-front implementation costs and its modularity, it seems particularly suitable for use by SMEs. The authors' goal is to identify some useful issues for practitioners and inspiration for future research for academics. The most relevant topics that will be placed are (1) needs and expectations of SMEs in the agri-food sector towards the blockchain, (2) difficulties of introducing blockchain into SMEs, (3) the agnostic approach to blockchain, (4) the different value of notarized information for B2B and B2C companies, and (5) limits of some blockchains compared to others.

scholarly journals Extreme Fast Charging Technology—Prospects to Enhance Sustainable Electric Transportation

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Ronanki ◽  
Apoorva Kelkar ◽  
Sheldon S. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Solid State Transformer ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
New Generation

With the growing fleet of a new generation electric vehicles (EVs), it is essential to develop an adequate high power charging infrastructure that can mimic conventional gasoline fuel stations. Therefore, much research attention must be focused on the development of off-board DC fast chargers which can quickly replenish the charge in an EV battery. However, use of the service transformer in the existing fast charging architecture adds to the system cost, size and complicates the installation process while directly connected to medium-voltage (MV) line. With continual improvements in power electronics and magnetics, solid state transformer (SST) technology can be adopted to enhance power density and efficiency of the system. This paper aims to review the current state of the art architectures and challenges of fast charging infrastructure using SST technology while directly connected to the MV line. Finally, this paper discusses technical considerations, challenges and introduces future research possibilities.

scholarly journals Fast-Charging Infrastructure Planning Model for Urban Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Van Hung
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Battery Degradation

Electric vehicles have become a trend as a replacement to gasoline-powered vehicles and will be a sustainable substitution to conventional vehicles. As the number of electric vehicles in cities increases, the charging demand has surged. The optimal location of the charging station plays an important role in the electric vehicle transit system. This chapter discusses the planning of electric vehicle charging infrastructure for urban. The purpose of this work develops an electric vehicle fast-charging facility planning model by considering battery degradation and vehicle heterogeneity in driving range, and considering various influencing factors such as traffic conditions, user charging costs, daily travel, charging behavior, and distribution network constraints. This work identifies optimal fast-charging stations to minimize the total cost of the transit system for deploying fast-charging networks. Besides, this chapter also analyzes some optimization modeling approach for the fast charging location planning, and point out future research directions.

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