scholarly journals Wind Coefficient Distribution of Arranged Ground Photovoltaic Panels

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3944
Author(s):  
Jangyoul You ◽  
Myungkwan Lim ◽  
Kipyo You ◽  
Changhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Wind Force ◽  
Force Coefficient ◽  
Direction Angle

Solar panels installed on the ground receive wind loads. A wind experiment was conducted to evaluate the wind force coefficient acting on a single solar panel and solar panels arranged in an array. The surface roughness did not have a significant effect on the change in vertical force, which is the wind force coefficient acting on the vertical surface of a single solar panel. An examination of the change in wind direction angle showed that the largest vertical force coefficient was distributed in the 0° forward wind direction on the front of the solar panel, the 345° reverse wind direction on the rear side, and the 135° and 225° diagonal directions on the rear panel. Furthermore, an examination of the change in wind force coefficient according to the change in solar panel inclination angle (β) showed that the drag coefficient was the highest at the 40° inclination angle of the panel (β), followed by the 30° and 20° inclination angles. However, the lift coefficient and vertical force coefficient were not significantly affected by the inclination angle of the panel. The wind force coefficient of the panels arranged in an array was influenced by the wind direction angle and panel position. With the exclusion of the nearest row at a wind direction angle of 0°, all the panels in the array showed lower coefficients than those in the single-panel experiment. In the case of the panels placed inside, the wind speed was decreased by the surrounding panels. As a result, the wind force coefficient was lower than that of the single-panel experiment. This outcome is attributed to the small delamination at the end of the panels by the surrounding array of panels compared with that of the single-panel experiment.

Experimental study of aerodynamic loads on ground-mounted solar panel arrays: The panel spacing and inclination angle effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (17) ◽  
pp. 3380-3396
Author(s):  
Onur Yemenici
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Aerodynamic Loads ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Angle Effect ◽  
Net Pressure ◽  
Constant Temperature Anemometer

The influence of panel inclination, wind direction, and longitudinal panel spacing on the wind loads of the model of ground-mounted solar panel arrays scaled 1:20 in a wind tunnel was investigated for a Reynolds number of 1.3 × 105. The experiments were carried out at the panel inclination of 25° and 45°, dimensionless panel spacing in tandem of 0.5 and 1, and the wind directions of the incoming flow were varied from 0° to 180° at 30° intervals. A constant temperature anemometer was used to measure the velocity and turbulence intensities, and a pressure scanner system measured static pressures. The results indicated that the net pressure coefficients of the solar panels were increased with the panel inclination angle and spacing between solar panels, and the maximum wind loads were obtained on the first windward panel. It was also observed that in terms of maximum uplift and drag, 180° and 0° was found to be the critical wind direction, respectively. In contrast, in terms of overturning moments, 30° and 150° were the critical wind directions.

Wind Pressure and Wind-Induced Vibration of Heliostat

2008 ◽  
Vol 400-402 ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ge Wang ◽  
Zheng Nong Li ◽  
Bo Gong ◽  
Qiu Sheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Wind Load ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Vertical Angle ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Direction Angle ◽  
Wind Pressures ◽  
Fluctuating Wind

Heliostat is the key part of Solar Tower power station, which requires extremely high accuracy in use. But it’s sensitive to gust because of its light structure, so effect of wind load should be taken into account in design. Since structure of heliostat is unusual and different from common ones, experimental investigation on rigid heliostat model using technology of surface pressure mensuration to test 3-dimensional wind loads in wind tunnel was conducted. The paper illustrates distribution and characteristics of reflector’s mean and fluctuating wind pressure while wind direction angle varied from 0° to 180° and vertical angle varied from 0° to 90°. Moreover, a finite element model was constructed to perform calculation on wind-induced dynamic response. The results show that the wind load power spectral change rulers are influenced by longitudinal wind turbulence and vortex and are related with Strouhal number; the fluctuating wind pressures between face and back mainly appear positive correlation, and the correlation coefficients at longitudinal wind direction are smaller than those at lateral direction; the fluctuating wind pressures preferably agree with Gaussian distribution at smaller vertical angle and wind direction angle. The wind-induced response and its spectrums reveal that: when vertical angle is small, the background responsive values of reflector’s different parts are approximately similar; in addition, multi-phased resonant response occurring at the bottom. With the increase of , airflow separates at the near side and reunites at the other, as produces vortex which enhances dynamic response at the upper part.

scholarly journals Performance Comparative Analysis of Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Single Diode Solar Panel Models using the Five Parameters Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Rizal Akbarudin Rahman ◽  
Aripriharta Aripriharta ◽  
Hari Putranto
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Module Performance

The use of renewable energy as a source of electrical energyincreases every year. Unfortunately, Indonesia does not have manypower plants that utilize renewable energy sources. The mostpotential renewable energy in Indonesia is the sunlight with the helpof solar panels that converts solar energy into electrical energy.However, the environment could affect the solar panel module andin turn, affect the performance of solar panels or the generatedelectric energy. This research calculated the performance of solarpanels with a single-diode model using the Five Parameters methodthat required solar panel module specification data, the totalradiation absorbed by the solar panel module, and the temperatureof the environment. The Five Parameters method is a methodmodeled after solar panel module performance in the form of thesingle-diode equivalent circuit. The Five Parameters method isreliable in predicting the energy produced by the solar panels whenthe input data is limited. The results for using the Five Parametersin monocrystalline solar panels were Isc = 1.827 A, Imp = 0.662 A,Voc = 18.221 V, Vmp = 15.019 V, Pmp = 9.955 W. And the results inpolycrystalline solar panels were Isc = 1.926 A, Imp = 0.686 A, Voc =17.594 V, Vmp = 14.166 V, Pmp = 9.722 W. Based on the results; itwas concluded that the most efficient and optimised types of solarpanels on natural conditions in Sendang Biru Beach was themonocrystalline solar panel because it produced electrical outputpower of 9.955 W. Therefore, there could be a manufacturer ofsolar energy power plants to reduce the cost of electricity in thecoastal area, such as in Sendang Biru Beach.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamics of gliding penguin flipper suggests the adjustment of sweepback with swimming speeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masateru Maeda ◽  
Natsuki Harada ◽  
Hiroto Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Sweep Angle ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

Hydrodynamic performance of a gliding penguin flipper (wing) considering the backward sweep was estimated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. A flipper of a gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) was 3D scanned, smoothed, and a numerical fluid mesh was generated. For accurate yet resource-saving computation, an embedded large-eddy simulation (ELES) methods was employed, where the flow near the flipper was solved with large-eddy simulation (LES) and flow far away from the flipper was solved with Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS). The relative flow speed was fixed at 2 m s-1, close to the typical foraging speed for the penguin species. The sweep angle was set to be 0°, 30°, and 60°, while the angle of attack was varied between -40° and 40°, both are within the realistic ranges in the wing kinematics measurement of penguins in an aquarium. It was revealed that a higher sweep angle reduces the lift slope, but the lift coefficient is unchanged at a high angle of attack. Drag coefficient was reduced across the angles of attack with increasing the sweep angles. The drag polars suggest the sweep angle may be adjusted with the change in swimming speed and anhedral (negative dihedral) angle to minimise drag while maintaining the vertical force balance to counteract the positive buoyancy. This will effectively expand the swimming envelope of the gliding penguin, similar to a flying counterpart such as swift.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF THE TEMPERATURE ON THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF MONO-CRYSTALLINE AND POLY-CRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANELS

SINERGI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzah Eteruddin ◽  
Atmam Atmam ◽  
David Setiawan ◽  
Yanuar Z. Arief
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Difference

People can make solar energy alternative energy by employing solar panels to generate electricity. The utilization of solar energy on a solar panel to generate electricity is affected by the weather and the duration of the radiation, and they will affect the solar panel’s temperature. There are various types of solar panels that can be found on the market today, including Mono-Crystalline and Poly-Crystalline. The difference in the material used needs to be observed in terms of temperature changes in the solar module. Our study’s findings showed that a change in the temperature would impact the solar panel’s output voltage, and the solar panel’s output voltage would change when it was connected to the load although the measured temperatures were almost the same.

scholarly journals ENERGY IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR PANELS FOR REFRIGERATOR NEEDS LOAD FISHING RESULTS 80 WATT MAXIMUM CAPACITY 20 KG

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
A. YUNUS NASUTION ◽  
ADITYA PRATAMA
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Compressor Power

The initial problems of fishermen still use their semi-modern catches and still use ice cubes as a cooling medium, due to the lack of innovation in the development of the cooling media caught by fishermen. The implementation of solar panel energy is the beginning for the development of refrigerator power consumption caught by fishermen. The goal is to calculate the cooling load on the refrigerator, calculate the Coefficient of performance (COP) at the refrigerator and the loading factors at the refrigerator, where the average ambient temperature is 34 ℃ and the temperature to be achieved is 0℃, the fisherman results used in the study this is a shrimp with a capacity of 20 kg and the cooling time is 4 hours. Where the total cooling load value is 244.29 Watt, multiplied by 10% safety factor, so the overall cooling load is 268.72 Watts, refrigerant mass flow rate is 0.0012 Kg / s, the evaporator capacity is 261 Watt, compressor power is 15.6 Watt, The coefficient of performance (COP) value was 16.73 while for the refrigerant capacity was 0.074 Tons of refrigerant, the loading factors in the study were used to run a refrigerator with 80 Watt power for 4 hours, so that the total refrigerator load was 320 Wh (Watt hour) , to produce 320 Wh power is used 2 solar panel modules with a capacity of 50 Wp (Watt Peak), and uses a solar change controller (SCC) with a capacity of 10 A. The output power of the solar panel is influenced by the intensity of the sun's light emitted, from the test obtained an average value the average output of solar panels is 90.6 watts, while the total power generated in 11 test points is 536 watts, the type used is polycrystalline, solar panels battery and inverter capacity must be greater than the refrigerator power consumption, in this study used a 12V 35 Ah battery capacity and 500 Watt Inverter

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DRYING BY THE SOLARIUM VARIABLE BAFFLE SENSOR OF YELLOW AND GREEN LEMON TO KEEP THESE VITAMINS FOR A LASTING AND NATURAL MEDICINAL THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 161-177
Author(s):  
Abene Abderrahmane ◽  
Mohamed Salah Eddine Seddiki ◽  
Aurora Morocini Mohamed Si Youcef
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Noticeable Improvement ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medicinal Therapy

The use of variable baffle solar panels for drying is the low level of heat exchange with the air in the dynamic vein of the solar panel. This weakness in such systems does not provide optimal performance or high thermal efficiency from their use. There is, however, a very noticeable improvement in heat transfer when the baffles are placed in rows in the ducts. To conduct the experiments, solar energy was simulated, the goal being to improve the relationship between temperature and thermal efficiency of a solar panel air heating plane and to use the system to reduce the time to gently dry the lemon to keep these vitamins. lemon and destinine for a sustainable therapy (the lemon promotes the absorption of calcium and in case of rhumet gill or five also to treat sinusitis, against migraine solair dryness and also for sustainable conservation and also for a sustainable medicine for a sustainable medicine.

scholarly journals Kit Solar Sel/Panel Surya Sebagai Media Pembelajaran pada Materi Efek Fotolistrik

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Yusra Defawati
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Inquiry Learning ◽  
Photoelectric Effect ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
Learning Schools

The aim is to motivate students in learning the photoelectric effect, the method used in this study is inquiry learning with the result that students can more easily understand the working principle of solar cells / solar panels so that learning is more edible and students understand it more easily. For students learning with this solar panel kit can add knowledge horizons and apply them, and give birth to new innovations. For teachers to be able to create a fun and meaningful learning atmosphere by further increasing creativity and innovation in learning. Schools as a means for teachers and students to interact can support and support, so that the learning process produces output that is valuable and characterized, and creative. Keywords: Solar cell / solar panel kit, learning media, microscopy, NPN transitor

scholarly journals The Thermoelectric Solar Panels

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ahiska ◽  
L. Nykyruy ◽  
G. Omer ◽  
G. Mateik
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Load Characteristics ◽  
Panel Surface

In this study, load characteristics of thermoelectric and photovoltaic solar panels areinvestigated and compared with each other with experiments. Thermoelectric solar panels convertsthe heat generated by sun directly to electricity; while, photovoltaic solar pales converts photonicenergy from sun to electricity. In both types, maximum power can be obtained when the loadresistance is equal to internal resistance. According to experimental results, power generated fromunit surface with thermoelectric panel is 30 times greater than the power generated by photovoltaicpanel. From a panel surface of 1 m2, thermoelectric solar panel has generated 4 kW electric power,while from the same surface, photovoltaic panel has generated 132 W only.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document