scholarly journals The Thames: Arresting Ecosystem Decline and Building Back Better

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6045
Author(s):  
Martin Richardson ◽  
Mikhail Soloviev
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Restoration Work ◽  
Cyclical Process

The Thames is an iconic river of cultural and historical importance. A cyclical process of deterioration during the last two centuries, followed by technology-driven restorations, including two major sanitation projects with a third currently underway, has produced detrimental effects on the Thames ecosystem. This paper overviews the river ecology, pollution and other anthropogenic pressures, which lead to biodiversity loss and the proliferation of non-native, pollution-tolerant species. This article further reviews past and current management, sampling and assessments trends and provides an objective overview of remediation, restoration and monitoring needs, practices and research gaps. Here, we argue that restoration work, if maladapted, can be ineffective in improving resilience or have unexpected side effects that make matters worse rather than better. We explain the need for a broader view of river restoration and management including consideration of species transplants in achieving overall sustainability against a backdrop of accelerating change in the Anthropocene.

scholarly journals The Urban River Syndrome: Achieving Sustainability Against a Backdrop of Accelerating Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6406
Author(s):  
Martin Richardson ◽  
Mikhail Soloviev
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Urban River Restoration

Human activities have been affecting rivers and other natural systems for millennia. Anthropogenic changes to rivers over the last few centuries led to the accelerating state of decline of coastal and estuarine regions globally. Urban rivers are parts of larger catchment ecosystems, which in turn form parts of wider nested, interconnected systems. Accurate modelling of urban rivers may not be possible because of the complex multisystem interactions operating concurrently and over different spatial and temporal scales. This paper overviews urban river syndrome, the accelerating deterioration of urban river ecology, and outlines growing conservation challenges of river restoration projects. This paper also reviews the river Thames, which is a typical urban river that suffers from growing anthropogenic effects and thus represents all urban rivers of similar type. A particular emphasis is made on ecosystem adaptation, widespread extinctions and the proliferation of non-native species in the urban Thames. This research emphasizes the need for a holistic systems approach to urban river restoration.

scholarly journals New genus of extinct Holocene gibbon associated with humans in Imperial China

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 360 (6395) ◽  
pp. 1346-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel T. Turvey ◽  
Kristoffer Bruun ◽  
Alejandra Ortiz ◽  
James Hansford ◽  
Songmei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Imperial China ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Extinct Genus

Although all extant apes are threatened with extinction, there is no evidence for human-caused extinctions of apes or other primates in postglacial continental ecosystems, despite intensive anthropogenic pressures associated with biodiversity loss for millennia in many regions. Here, we report a new, globally extinct genus and species of gibbon, Junzi imperialis, described from a partial cranium and mandible from a ~2200- to 2300-year-old tomb from Shaanxi, China. Junzi can be differentiated from extant hylobatid genera and the extinct Quaternary gibbon Bunopithecus by using univariate and multivariate analyses of craniodental morphometric data. Primates are poorly represented in the Chinese Quaternary fossil record, but historical accounts suggest that China may have contained an endemic ape radiation that has only recently disappeared.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Oncology Supports for Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Wenger ◽  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Joan L. Bottorff
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Psychosocial Oncology ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Explicit Integration ◽  
Specific Knowledge

Although men’s cancer experiences have received limited attention within the field of psychosocial oncology, increasing attention is being devoted to the development and evaluation of men-centered programs. This scoping review describes this emergent body of literature, detailing the focus, participation, and impact of interventions designed to help men with cancer build illness-specific knowledge, adapt to illness, manage side effects, distress, and uncertainty, sustain relationships, and more. Striving to build on existing knowledge, research gaps and opportunities are discussed, including a need for stronger methodologies, more tailored and targeted supports, attention to the experiences of men with nonprostate cancers, and the explicit integration of gender analyses in the research process.

Intravenous Immunoglobulin in the Management of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Current Management

Jaundice caused by hemolysis continues to challenge practitioners caring for infants in the NICU. Bilirubin levels can rise quickly in the first days of life, and interventions must be prompt to prevent side effects related to hyperbilirubinemia. Conventional treatments such as hydration and phototherapy are common, but new studies suggest that use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) as an additional treatment may prevent the need for exchange transfusion in some babies. This article presents a case study of an infant with blood-type incompatibility treated successfully with multiple doses of IVIG, discusses the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of hemolytic jaundice, and reviews current management strategies for this disease.

scholarly journals Does river restoration result in improved environmental heterogeneity?

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Junshuang Yu
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
River Geomorphology ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
The Relationship

Rivers can shape diverse landscapes, determine the spatial connectivity of river and terrestrial life, and provide a variety of resources and services. Rivers are often over-bound due to the need for flood control and irrigation. Rivers affected by human disturbance often require restoration to improve the ecosystem services they provide. Environmental heterogeneity is generally considered to be the non-uniform variation of environmental elements in space and/or time. The relationship between variability in physical characteristics of restored rivers and biological communities in the river environment is a highly complex feedback, and studying and summarising changes in environmental heterogeneity following river restoration can help refine methodologies for monitoring river restoration outcomes. This study highlights the variability in river geomorphology and river ecology, and demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of incorporating environmental heterogeneity indicators into river restoration outcome evaluation systems at three levels: hydrological, geomorphological and ecological.

Fetal Hemodynamic Response to Maternal Oxygenation in Normal and Complicated Pregnancies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan deng ◽  
Ying jin ◽  
Ran Xu ◽  
Shi Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Fetal Circulation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Points Of View

AbstractMaternal oxygenation (MO) is widely applied in obstetrics. Scholars have conducted numerous studies on maternal hyperoxygenation and have reported many theoretical and applied achievements and a number of different points of view. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the effect of maternal oxygenation on fetal circulation during normal and complicated pregnancies and to ascertain its potential side effects and research gaps in this field. In complicated pregnancies, the fetus may benefit from oxygen therapy. However, large randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies are necessary to support the widespread application of maternal oxygenation in this context.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document