scholarly journals Assessment of Landscape Character and Absorptivity Based on Digital Terrain Model Analysis—Case Study of Jelenia Góra City in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7969
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Budzik ◽  
Piotr Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Landscape Studies ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Position Index ◽  
Landscape Character ◽  
Landscape Units

In an era of significant growth in the availability of spatial data and continued advances in computing technologies, opportunities for new interpretations and solutions to the landscape research problems posed worldwide are emerging. This paper presents different possibilities of applying digital terrain model (DTM) data in research of various aspects of landscape. For this purpose, two different methods were proposed. The first was to identify a set of components of the Jelenia Góra city landscape character on the basis of the topographic position index and spatial distribution of land cover, while the second was to assess the landscape of Jelenia Góra city in terms of the possibility of adopting new elements, using the author’s scenic absorptivity method. The results indicate the structure of the components of the landscape character of Jelenia Góra city together with its spatial distribution, which also allowed for the delineation of landscape units. The scenic absorptivity analysis showed that there are isolated areas within Jelenia Góra city that are capable of accommodating significant size elements that would not adversely affect the city landscape. In conclusion, DTM data are able to significantly improve research methods in landscape studies.

scholarly journals Changes in a hydrographic network of the Słowiński National Park in terms of photogrammetric analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Maciej Góraj ◽  
Marcin Kucharski ◽  
Krzysztof Karsznia ◽  
Izabela Karsznia ◽  
Jarosław Chormański
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
National Park ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Protected Natural Area ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Hydrographic Network

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in the hydrographic network of Słowiński National Park. The authors analysed the changes occurring in the drainage network due to limited maintenance in this legally protected natural area. To accomplish this task, elaborations prepared on the basis of aerial photographs were used: an orthophoto map from 1996, hyperspectral imaging from June 2015, and a digital terrain model based on airborne laser scanning (ALS) from June 2015. These spatial data resources enabled the digitisation of the water courses for which selected hydro-morphological features had been defined. As a result of analysing the differences of these features, a quality map was elaborated which was then subjected to interpretation, and the identified changes were quantified in detail.

scholarly journals Kriging Method Optimization for the Process of DTM Creation Based on Huge Data Sets Obtained from MBESs

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maleika Wojciech
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Kriging Method ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain

The paper presents an optimized method of digital terrain model (DTM) estimation based on modified kriging interpolation. Many methods are used for digital terrain model creation; the most popular methods are: inverse distance weighing, nearest neighbour, moving average, and kriging. The latter is often considered to be one of the best methods for interpolation of non-uniform spatial data, but the good results with respect to model’s accuracy come at the price of very long computational time. In this study, the optimization of the kriging method was performed for the purpose of seabed DTM creation based on millions of measurement points obtained from a multibeam echosounder device (MBES). The purpose of the optimization was to significantly decrease computation time, while maintaining the highest possible accuracy of created model. Several variants of kriging method were analysed (depending on search radius, minimum of required points, fixed number of points, and used smoothing method). The analysis resulted in a proposed optimization of the kriging method, utilizing a new technique of neighbouring points selection throughout the interpolation process (named “growing radius”). Experimental results proved the new kriging method to have significant advantages when applied to DTM estimation.

scholarly journals VISUALISATION WITH G.I.S OF AGIA EIRINI GORGE AT THE SOUTHERN MARGINS OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, SW CRETE

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Κ. Μπιζούρα ◽  
Ε. Μανούτσογλου ◽  
Ε. Σπυρίδωνος
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
White Mountains ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Available Information

Sustainable management of protected areas requires good knowledge of the entire system. Complicated natural systems require for their management the use of digital information systems, that would allow the integration of all the available information on the studied natural system as well as the elements of new researches. Among the natural systems the gorges constitute mainly geological structrures. The aim of the present study is the development of a 3D digital morphotectonic model for the Agia Eirini Gorge, crossing the southern limbs of mountain Lefka Ori in South-Western Crete. The work is divided in two parts, on one side in the creation of suitable backgrounds that is reqi ired for the creation of a 3D model and on the other hand the placement of the spatial data into the model. For the creation of the digital terrain model (DTM) of the gorge area, maps at a 1:5.000 scale, obtained from the Army Geographic Service were digitised using CAD Overlay 2000i software. The data obtained were transferred into SURPAC 2000 supplemented with orthophotomaps of the region with the method of superimposition. The initial data drawn from the existing geological map of the region were evaluated by data obtained from field work. This methodology allows integration of all available information for the system under study, including newly acquired data

scholarly journals CREATING AND ANALYSING THE DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL OF THE SLIVOVO AREA USING QGIS SOFTWARE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edon MALIQI ◽  
Petar PENEV ◽  
Faik KELMENDI
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Methods And Techniques

The aim of the paper is developing the Digital Terrain Model (DTM in the further text) through QGIS software. In order to accomplish intention of the paper will test some of the methods and techniques that are widely known in nowadays and those are supported by QGIS software – an open source software. And those methods named TIN and GRID. For showing complexity on the study area will analyse some features or characteristics of terrain in the created DTM. All of these methods and techniques will be applied in QGIS. In general, the QGIS software has rich methodology for creation, intepretation, visualization and analysing the geo-spatial data and the DTM in particular.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY DEGREE OF DIFFERENT LITHOLOGICAL FORMATIONS IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF AGIA EIRINI GORGE, WESTERN CRETE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
A. Bizoura ◽  
E. Lykoudi ◽  
E. Spyridonos ◽  
E. Manoutsoglou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a methodology for assessing the degree of vulnerability of different lithology formations constituting the drainage basin of the gorge of Agia Eirini. The methodology is based on the processing of spatial aspects parameters of lithology, hydrography, geomorphology and the vegetation cover, which are related with the weathering impact on formations either directly or indirectly. Initially a series of primary spatial data on geology, topography, the river network and the land use in the region, were used to produce thematic maps. These maps include the geological map, the digital terrain model (DTM), the map of the land use, and hydrographic maps of density and frequency. By processing the data according to their role in enhancing the vulnerability of formations, the data were determined and the following thematic maps: “Map of geological formations susceptible to weathering”, “Map of hydrographic texture”, “Map of morphological inclinations” and “land use map protecting against the loss of disintegrated material were produced. By appropriate combination of these secondary data, areas of vulnerability of formations were recorded which are shown on a final thematic map. This information is particularly valuable in the management planning and gives the opportunity to evaluate and predict the impact of various proposed projects or future scenarios. They can also be used to identify positions to take necessary measures to protect areas at high risk of loss of material.

scholarly journals The Effect of LiDAR Sampling Density on DTM Accuracy for Areas with Heavy Forest Cover

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Mihnea Cățeanu ◽  
Arcadie Ciubotaru
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Sampling Density ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Point Density ◽  
The Impact

Laser scanning via LiDAR is a powerful technique for collecting data necessary for Digital Terrain Model (DTM) generation, even in densely forested areas. LiDAR observations located at the ground level can be separated from the initial point cloud and used as input for the generation of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) via interpolation. This paper proposes a quantitative analysis of the accuracy of DTMs (and derived slope maps) obtained from LiDAR data and is focused on conditions common to most forestry activities (rough, steep terrain with forest cover). Three interpolation algorithms were tested: Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Natural Neighbour (NN) and Thin-Plate Spline (TPS). Research was mainly focused on the issue of point data density. To analyze its impact on the quality of ground surface modelling, the density of the filtered data set was artificially lowered (from 0.89 to 0.09 points/m2) by randomly removing point observations in 10% increments. This provides a comprehensive method of evaluating the impact of LiDAR ground point density on DTM accuracy. While the reduction of point density leads to a less accurate DTM in all cases (as expected), the exact pattern varies by algorithm. The accuracy of the LiDAR-derived DTMs is relatively good even when LiDAR sampling density is reduced to 0.40–0.50 points/m2 (50–60 % of the initial point density), as long as a suitable interpolation algorithm is used (as IDW proved to be less resilient to density reductions below approximately 0.60 points/m2). In the case of slope estimation, the pattern is relatively similar, except the difference in accuracy between IDW and the other two algorithms is even more pronounced than in the case of DTM accuracy. Based on this research, we conclude that LiDAR is an adequate method for collecting morphological data necessary for modelling the ground surface, even when the sampling density is significantly reduced.

scholarly journals DTM-based analysis of the spatial distribution of topolineaments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1185-1199
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Empirical Bayesian Kriging ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Airborne Laser

AbstractThe research area is located on the boundary between two Paleozoic structural units: the Radom–Kraśnik Block and the Mazovian–Lublin Basin in the southeastern Poland. The tectonic structures are separated by the Ursynów–Kazimierz Dolny fault zone. The digital terrain model obtained by the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) method was used. Classification and filtration of an elevation point cloud were performed. Then, from the elevation points representing only surfaces, a digital terrain model was generated. The model was used to visually interpret the course of topolineaments and their automatic extraction from DTM. Two topolineament systems, trending NE–SW and NW–SE, were interpreted. Using the kernel density algorithm, topolineament density models were generated. Using the Empirical Bayesian Kriging, a thickness model of quaternary deposits was generated. A relationship was observed between the course of topolineaments and the distribution and thickness of Quaternary formations. The topolineaments were compared with fault directions marked on tectonic maps of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. Data validation showed consistency between topolineaments and tectonic faults. The obtained results are encouraging for further research.

scholarly journals Production, Validation and Morphometric Analysis of a Digital Terrain Model for Lake Trichonis Using Geospatial Technologies and Hydroacoustics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Triantafyllia-Maria Perivolioti ◽  
Antonios Mouratidis ◽  
Dimitrios Terzopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Kalaitzis ◽  
Dimitrios Ampatzidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain

Covering an area of approximately 97 km2 and with a maximum depth of 58 m, Lake Trichonis is the largest and one of the deepest natural lakes in Greece. As such, it constitutes an important ecosystem and freshwater reserve at the regional scale, whose qualitative and quantitative properties ought to be monitored. Depth is a crucial parameter, as it is involved in both qualitative and quantitative monitoring aspects. Thus, the availability of a bathymetric model and a reliable DTM (Digital Terrain Model) of such an inland water body is imperative for almost any systematic observation scenario or ad hoc measurement endeavor. In this context, the purpose of this study is to produce a DTM from the only official cartographic source of relevant information available (dating back approximately 70 years) and evaluate its performance against new, independent, high-accuracy hydroacoustic recordings. The validation procedure involves the use of echosoundings coupled with GPS, and is followed by the production of a bathymetric model for the assessment of the discrepancies between the DTM and the measurements, along with the relevant morphometric analysis. Both the production and validation of the DTM are conducted in a GIS environment. The results indicate substantial discrepancies between the old DTM and contemporary acoustic data. A significant overall deviation of 3.39 ± 5.26 m in absolute bottom elevation differences and 0.00 ± 7.26 m in relative difference residuals (0.00 ± 2.11 m after 2nd polynomial model corrector surface fit) of the 2019 bathymetric dataset with respect to the ~1950 lake DTM and overall morphometry appear to be associated with a combination of tectonics, subsidence and karstic phenomena in the area. These observations could prove useful for the tectonics, geodynamics and seismicity with respect to the broader Corinth Rift region, as well as for environmental management and technical interventions in and around the lake. This dictates the necessity for new, extensive bathymetric measurements in order to produce an updated DTM of Lake Trichonis, reflecting current conditions and tailored to contemporary accuracy standards and state-of-the-art research in various disciplines in and around the lake.

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