scholarly journals The Silent Discrimination against Headscarved Professionals in the Turkish Labor Market: The Case of Women in the Banking Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11324
Author(s):  
Hatice Karahan ◽  
Nigar Tugsuz
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Women In The Workplace ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Female Professionals ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study addresses the widespread discriminatory policies against headscarved professionals in the Turkish job market, by focusing on the female-intensive banking sector. Although the number of professionals wearing headscarves has increased since 2013 with the removal of the ban on headscarves for workers in the public sector, we argue that significant ideological discriminatory practices and bias against these women still exist. To expose this hidden reality and uncover its dynamics, we undertook exploratory in-depth interviews with 30 professionals from the Turkish banking sector, including both men and women. Our findings verify a severe underrepresentation of headscarved professionals in the commercial banking sector. Whereas, after 2013, state-owned banks began, to some extent, to recruit women wearing the headscarf, private commercial banks have not amended their exclusionist policy towards headscarved white-collar employees. Research findings confirm that in the Turkish banking sector, policies regarding the headscarf are still shaped by ideological corporate values. This study suggests that the appointment and promotion of female professionals in the Turkish banking sector are blocked by long-established stereotypes and prejudices, which stand in the way of inclusive practices supporting social equity, as well as diversity and the equality of women in the workplace.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Saudization Policy on Recruitment and Retention: A Case Study of the Banking Sector in Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Edgar ◽  
Areej Azhar ◽  
Dr. Peter Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
The Impact

<p>To reduce unemployment and reliance on expatriate workers, the Saudi Arabian government has been implementing a Saudization programme to replace expatriates with Saudis. This has succeeded in the public sector, but not in the private sector, except in banking, which is perceived as a white-collar occupation and acceptable in Saudi society. As such, this study investigates the impact of Saudization on recruitment and retention in the banking sector to see what lessons have been learned and what action is required. A systematic literature review was conducted, followed by questionnaires with 48 branch managers, and interviews with 12 Human Resource managers of key banks.</p><p>The findings show that Saudization has an impact on several aspects of recruitment and retention in the banking sector, in particular, banks must provide specific training to Saudi recruits, revise working hours and promote the attractiveness of the post. Adopting such practices can benefit Saudi banking and contribute to the fulfillment of Saudization.  </p>

United States Financial History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Ford Chapin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Credit System ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us

The history of US finance—spanning from the republic’s founding through the 2007–2008 financial crisis—exhibits two primary themes. The first theme is that Americans have frequently expressed suspicion of financiers and bankers. This abiding distrust has generated ferocious political debates through which voters either have opposed government policies that empower financial interests or have advocated proposals to steer financial institutions toward serving the public. A second, related theme that emerges from this history is that government policy—both state and federal—has shaped and reshaped financial markets. This feature follows the pattern of American capitalism, which rather than appearing as laissez-faire market competition, instead materializes as interactions between government and private enterprise structuring each economic sector in a distinctive manner. International comparison illustrates this premise. Because state and federal policies produced a highly splintered commercial banking sector that discouraged the development of large, consolidated banks, American big business has frequently had to rely on securities financing. This shareholder model creates a different corporate form than a commercial-bank model. In Germany, for example, large banks often provide firms with financing as well as business consulting and management strategy services. In this commercial-bank model, German business executives cede some autonomy to bankers but also have more ability to engage in long-term planning than do American executives who tend to cater to short-term stock market demands. Under the banner of the public–private financial system two subthemes appear: fragmented institutional arrangements and welfare programming. Because of government policy, the United States, compared to other western nations, has an unusually fragmented financial system. Adding to this complexity, some of these institutions can be either state or federally chartered; meanwhile, the commercial banking sector has traditionally hosted thousands of banks, ranging from urban, money-center institutions to small unit banks. Space constraints exclude examination of numerous additional organizations, such as venture capital firms, hedge funds, securities brokers, mutual funds, real estate investment trusts, and mortgage brokers. The US regulatory framework reflects this fragmentation, as a bevy of federal and state agencies supervise the financial sector. Since policymakers passed deregulatory measures during the 1980s and 1990s, the sector has moved toward consolidation and universal banking, which permits a large assortment of financial services to coexist under one institutional umbrella. Nevertheless, the US financial sector continues to be more fragmented than other industrialized countries. The public–private financial system has also delivered many government benefits, revealing that the American welfare state is perhaps more robust than scholars often claim. Welfare programming through financial policy tends be “hidden,” frequently because significant portions of benefits provision reside “off the books,” either as government-sponsored enterprises that are nominally private or as government guarantees in the place of direct spending. Yet these programs have heavily affected both their beneficiaries and the nation’s economy. The government, for example, has directed significant resources toward the construction and maintenance of a massive farm credit system. Moreover, policymakers established mortgage insurance and residential financing programs, creating an economy and consumer culture that revolve around home ownership. While both agricultural and mortgage programs have helped low-income beneficiaries, they have dispensed more aid to middle-class and corporate recipients. These programs, along with the institutional configuration of the banking and credit system, demonstrate just how important US financial policy has been to the nation’s unfolding history.

Female Professionals and (Neo-)Victorianism: The Case ofThe Good Wife

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Isabel Santaularia i Capdevila
Keyword(s):  
Television Series ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bleak House ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
The Law ◽  
Good Wife ◽  
Woman In White ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Female Professionals ◽  
Nineteenth Century Novels

The article examines The Good Wife (CBS 2009–), as well as other recent television series with female professionals as protagonists, alongside nineteenth-century novels such as Wilkie Collins's The Woman in White and The Law and the Lady, Charles Dickens's Bleak House, or Bram Stoker's Dracula, which, like The Good Wife, place ‘the law’ and ‘the lady’ in direct confrontation. This comparative analysis reveals that current television series, even those that showcase women's professional success, articulate a discourse that valorises domestic stability and motherhood above professional achievements and, therefore, resonate with Victorian ideologies about the conflicted relation between women and the public sphere. Contemporary television series are not so different from Victorian texts that grant their heroines freedom to move outside home-boundaries, while treating women's public ascendancy as a transgression of normative femininity and using a number of strategies devised to guarantee women's return home and/or an appreciation of what they have to sacrifice in order to advance in their careers.

IC & OI The impact of intellectual capital on organizational innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1257-1265
Author(s):  
Fouad El-Gamal
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Middle Managers ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dominant Dimension ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Corporate Innovation ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

Intellectual capital can generate value for organizations and improve organizational innovation. This study aims to investigate the effects of intellectual capital on corporate innovation. Mixed research methodology approach has been used by combining both qualitative and quantitative analysis to explore and empirical examine the research model. The targeted population of interest is the licensed pharmaceutical manufactures, 90 organizations in the Egyptian pharmaceutical industry throughout its three main sectors (11 public, 70 local private and 9 MNCs). Statistical analyses are employed based on the questionnaires gathered from 39 pharmaceutical manufactures’ companies (44% response rate). In addition, sixty-three “63” in depth interviews have been conducted with both top and middle managers. The research findings indicate that all dimensions of intellectual capital (human, structural, and relational capital) have positive significant effects on organizational innovation of pharmaceutical manufactures’ companies. The study clarifies that the most dominant dimension is structural capital, which provides the largest and strongest support to pharmaceutical manufactures’ companies. The deep realization of the importance intellectual capital and its impact on innovation helps leaders to adopt accurate system to run organizational innovation in a better way, which lead to sustainable competitive advantage for organizations.

Compressed Identity

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
H. Şule Albayrak
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
The Self ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Depth Interviews

For decades the authoritarian secularist policies of the Turkish state, by imposing a headscarf ban at universities and in the civil service, excluded practising Muslim women from the public sphere until the reforms following 2010. However, Muslim women had continued to seek ways to increase their knowledge and improve their intellectual levels, not only as individuals, but also by establishing civil associations. As a result, a group of intellectual women has emerged who are not only educated in political, social, and economic issues, but who are also determined to attain their socio-economic and political rights. Those new actors in the Turkish public sphere are, however, concerned with being labeled as either “feminist,” “fundamentalist” or “Islamist.” This article therefore analyzes the distance between the self-identifications of intellectual Muslim women and certain classifications imposed on them. Semi-structured in-depth interviews with thirteen Turkish intellectual Muslim women were carried out which reveal that they reject and critique overly facile labels due to their negative connotations while offering more complex insights into their perspectives on Muslim women, authority, and identity.

Employees Attitude towards E-Learning in Banking Sector -An Empirical Study of Shivamogga District

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 88-106
Author(s):  
Dr.Mamatha. S.M ◽  
Mr.Panduranganagouda Honnali
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Banking Structure ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Methods Of Learning

E-learning has become a global phenomenon and it is the central theme of many industries and organizations for the additional method of training which can complement traditional methods of learning. The practices of E-learning and Learning management system (LMS) in the banking sector make the drastic changes in the employee performance and their knowledge regarding job in the modern banking structure. This study provides a comprehensive body of knowledge about LMS and e-learning, in general, within the public and private bank in India. The main objective of this paper to understand and analyze the attitude of employees towards E-learning practices in banking sector in Shivamogga district. The data was analyzed by using exploratory factor analysis, based on the responses received from a random the sample 50 of the bank employees working in the private sector banks.

EMERGING TRENDS IN BANKING SECTOR - ITS CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karigoleshwar .
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Multiple Regions

In financial sector the banking industry is the largest player, has also been undergoing a major change. Today the banking industry is stronger and capable of withstanding the pressures of competition. Today, we are having a fairly well developed banking system with different classes of banks – public sector banks, foreign banks, private sector banks – both old and new generation, regional rural banks and co-operative banks with the Reserve Bank of India as the fountain Head of the system. In the banking field, there has been an unprecedented growth and diversification of banking industry has been so stupendous that it has no parallel in the annals of banking anywhere in the world. The banking industry has experienced a series of significant transformations in the last few decades. Among the most important of them is the change in the type of organizations that dominate the landscape. Since the eighties, banks have increased the scope and scale of their activities and several banks have become very large institutions with a presence in multiple regions of the country.' The paper examines the new trends in commercial banking. The present era the cashless transactions, E-cheques, mobile wallets. The paper attempts to present the emerging trends and its challenges that recently emerged in the banking sector with special emphasis on digitization. It will be useful to the academicians, banking and insurance personnel, students and researchers. Common readers also know the latest innovations in banking sector

Policy Considerations for the Design and Use of Web Portals for Researchers, Clinicians, and Patients: A Scoping Literature Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lang ◽  
Sébastien Lemieux ◽  
Josée Hébert ◽  
Guy Sauvageau ◽  
Ma'n H. Zawati
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Patient Portals ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Research Findings

BACKGROUND Medical care and health research are jointly undergoing significant changes brought about by the Internet [1,2,3]. New online tools, apps, and programs are helping to facilitate unprecedented levels of data sharing and collaboration, potentially enabling more precisely targeted treatment and rapid research translation [4,5,6]. Patient portals have been a significant part of this emerging online health ecosystem, providing patients a mechanism for accessing electronic health records, managing appointments and prescriptions, even communicating directly with care providers [7]. Much has been written about the technical and ethical challenges associated with the development and integration of patient portals into the clinic [8,9]. But portal technology might also be used to connect health researchers to clinicians, patients, and the public. Online systems could be a useful platform for broadly and rapidly disseminating research results while also promoting patient empowerment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the potential use of online portals that facilitate the sharing of health research findings among researchers, clinicians, patients, and the public. It will also summarize the potential legal, ethical, and policy implications associated with such tools for public use and in the management of patient care for complex disease. METHODS We systematically consulted three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and WestLaw Next for sources describing online portals for sharing health research findings among clinicians, researchers, and patients and their associated legal, ethical, and policy challenges. raised by the integration of online tools into patient care for complex disease. Of 719 source citations, we retained 22 for review. RESULTS We found a varied and inconsistent treatment of online portals for sharing health research findings among clinicians, researchers, and patients. While the literature supports the view that portals of this kind are potentially highly promising, they remain novel and are not yet being widely adopted. We also found a wide-ranging discussion on the legal, ethical, and policy issues related to the use of online tools for sharing research data. We identified five important policy challenges: privacy & confidentiality, health literacy & patient empowerment, equity, training, and decision making. Each of these, we contend, have meaningful implications for the increased integration of online tools into clinical care. CONCLUSIONS As online tools become increasingly important mechanisms for sharing health research with clinicians, patients, and the public, it is vital that these developments are met with ethical and conceptual scrutiny. Therapeutic portals as they are presented in this paper may become a more widespread feature of precision and translational medicine. Our findings suggest that online portals are already being used to disseminate research results among clinicians, patients, and the public. But much of the ethical and conceptual debate is framed in terms of the patient portal, a concept that does not adequately reflect the potentially broader scope of therapeutic portals. It may be useful to clarify this distinction in future research and to underscore the unique ethical, legal, and policy challenges raised when online systems are used as a platform for disseminating research to as wide an audience as possible. CLINICALTRIAL n/a

scholarly journals Confidence in Local, National, and International Scientists on Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Sparks ◽  
Heather Hodges ◽  
Sarah Oliver ◽  
Eric R. A. N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
News Media ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Party Affiliation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Scientific Report ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Change Beliefs

In many public policy areas, such as climate change, news media reports about scientific research play an important role. In presenting their research, scientists are providing guidance to the public regarding public policy choices. How do people decide which scientists and scientific claims to believe? This is a question we address by drawing on the psychology of persuasion. We propose the hypothesis that people are more likely to believe local scientists than national or international scientists. We test this hypothesis with an experiment embedded in a national Internet survey. Our experiment yielded null findings, showing that people do not discount or ignore research findings on climate change if they come from Europe instead of Washington-based scientists or a leading university in a respondent’s home state. This reinforces evidence that climate change beliefs are relatively stable, based on party affiliation, and not malleable based on the source of the scientific report.

From flabby to fit: Restructuring the public broadcasting system in Egypt

2021 ◽  
pp. 174276652110239
Author(s):  
Rasha Allam
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
The Public ◽  
Strategic Vision ◽  
Broadcasting System ◽  
Public Broadcaster ◽  
Service Mission ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Decentralized Model

The Egyptian public broadcaster, newly named the National Media Council (NMC), has been under pressure to undergo comprehensive restructuring. Many changes have taken place recently to enable this transformation. Through analysing financial reports, evaluating the new regulatory framework and conducting in-depth interviews, this study examines the likelihood of the NMC adapting to the recent changes and the extent to which the new regulatory framework promotes a public service system suggesting a model for implementation. Findings show that the NMC must respond to four main challenges: lack of strategic vision and identity, a centralized regime power structure, an acute financial deficit, and a weak digital presence. Interviewees evaluated the new regulatory framework as inexhaustive with an intention to maintain grip on power. Interviewees proposed an integrated decentralized model that combines the public service mission with private partnership.

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