scholarly journals Qualitative Analysis of Risks Affecting the Delivery of Land Surveying Project Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12645
Author(s):  
Usama Issa ◽  
Muwaffaq Alqurashi ◽  
Ibrahim Salama
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Activity Group ◽  
Land Surveying ◽  
Activity Groups ◽  
Face Time

Land surveying projects (LSPs) suffer from the effects of many risk factors on the time and accuracy of these projects. Using field surveys, the main objective of this study was identifying the major activities and risk factors associated with LSPs’ execution, as well as assessing and analyzing the effects of the risk factors on the LSPs’ time and accuracy. Furthermore, the study aimed to classify and determine the responsibility of each risk factor and evaluate the responsibilities. Four main activities were categorized and presented, including reconnaissance works, planning works, data collection works, and data adjustment works. Moreover, forty-three risk factors that control the main activities and affect the time and accuracy of LSPs were recognized. The probabilities of occurrences for the risk factors and impacts on the time and accuracy of LSPs were determined as well as their combined effects. Key risk factors that had high threats on LSPs and affect time and accuracy were highlighted as the most critical risk factors. Many correlations were determined among risk factors affecting LSPs’ activity groups and their various effects on time and accuracy. The responsibilities of the surveying crew (chief, surveyor, assistance, office engineer) for each risk factors were correspondingly defined. The results showed that “Data collection works” is considered the riskiest activity group in LSPs and most of the key risk factors belonged to this group. Around 25% of the LSPs face time overrun and do not meet the required specifications. On the other hand, the surveyor was found to be responsible for most of the risk factors and the office engineer was signified by the lowest responsibility, while the responsibilities for most risk factors were single responsibility and few were shared by only dual responsibility.

scholarly journals Effects of sagging breasts and other risk factors associated with mastalgia: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bülent Çomçalı ◽  
Servet Kocaoz ◽  
Buket Altun Özdemir ◽  
Ömer Parlak ◽  
Birol Korukluoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

AbstractThe aim of this study is to compare patients with and without mastalgia and to analyze the factors affecting mastalgia and its severity. The patient’s age, height, weight, educational status, marital status, and occupation were recorded in all subjects. In addition, the women were asked about the presence of any risk factors for mastalgia, such as tea and coffee consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight gain. The sternal notch to nipple distance (SNND) was measured to determine whether there was breast sagging. Mastalgia was significantly more common in women with BMIs of > 30 kg/m2 (OR: 2.94, CI 1.65–5.24), those who were primary school graduates or illiterate (OR: 2.96, CI 1.6–5.46), and those with SNND values of 22–25 cm (OR: 2.94, CI 1.79–4.82). In these women, drinking more than 6 cups of tea a day (OR: 2.15, CI 1.32–3.5), smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day (OR: 2.94, CI 1.78–4.83), and drinking alcohol at least once a week (OR: 2.1, CI 1.12–3.91) were found to be important factors that increased the risk of mastalgia. As a result, it has been found that severe mastalgia complaints cause by obesity, sagging breasts, never giving birth, unemployment anxiety, regular smoking, alcohol use, and excessive tea consumption.

Risk factors associated with dystocia in a tie stall dairy herd

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. López Helguera ◽  
A. Behrouzi ◽  
J.P. Kastelic ◽  
M.G. Colazo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

The aims of the study were to: (1) investigate factors affecting calf birth weight (CBW) and gestation length (GL); and (2) determine risk factors associated with dystocia in 1019 Holstein heifers and cows in a tie stall dairy herd. Calf sex (CS), sire, and GL were related to CBW in primiparous and multiparous cows, with no significant effect of season, age of primiparous cows (AGE) or days in milk (DIM) of multiparous cows at conception. Gestation length was affected by CS in primiparous, with a shorter GL for female versus male calves (275.7 ± 0.5 vs. 278.3 ± 0.4; P < 0.001). Also, GL was shorter in multiparous cows that calved during the cold season compared to those that calved in mild or warm seasons. Primiparous cows had a higher prevalence of dystocia compared to multiparous cows (32.1 vs. 8.5%; P < 0.001), but it was highly variable depending on sire (24.4%–60.0% for primiparous and 0%–21.1% for multiparous). In conclusion, CS, sire, and GL were related to CBW, whereas GL was affected by CS in primiparous and season in multiparous. The CBW was the major factor affecting dystocia in primiparous cows, whereas sire and twin pregnancies were factors related to dystocia in both primiparous and multiparous cows.

scholarly journals Factors affecting colistin nephrotoxicity: Advanced age and/or other factors?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tugba Arslan Gülen ◽  
Ayfer Imre ◽  
Uner Kayabas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Creatinine Level ◽  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Introduction: The population is aging and older adults comprise the majority of patients in intensive care units. Colistin (COL) has been reintroduced to treat increasingly common resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Our study aims to investigate the factors affecting colistin nephrotoxicity in the general population and geriatric age group. Materials and Method: This retrospective study included 170 patients, 116 (68.2%) of which were in the geriatric group (age ≥65). Acute renal failure was evaluated using the RIFLE score. Firstly, factors associated with COL nephrotoxicity in the general population were investigated. Then, risk factors for COL nephrotoxicity were evaluated in the geriatric patient group. Results: Advanced age (odds ratio [OR]=1.043; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.018-1.068; p=0.001) and initial serum creatinine level (OR=23.122; 95% CI: 3.123-171.217; p=0.002) were found to be independent risk factors associated with nephrotoxicity. In the evaluation of the geriatric population-based on nephrotoxicity, the initial serum urea and creatinine levels, immunosuppression, and overall mortality rates were found to be statistically significant in the group with nephrotoxicity (p<0.05). Initial serum creatinine level (OR=22.48; 95% CI: 2.835-178.426; p=0.003) and concomitant nephrotoxic agent use (OR=2.516; 95% CI: 1.275-4.963; p=0.008) were independent risk factors associated with nephrotoxicity in geriatric patients. Conclusion: Advanced age was found to be a risk factor for COL nephrotoxicity. Caution should be exercised especially in geriatric patients who have initial serum creatinine levels close to the upper limit, concomitant use of nephrotoxic drugs should be avoided and if possible, evaluation should be made in terms of non-COL treatment options in these patients.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Clinical Risk Factors Related to Severe COVID-19 in Iran: A multi-center study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Nasiraldin Tabatabaei ◽  
Alireza Ansari-moghaddam ◽  
Mahdi Mohammadi ◽  
Hassan Okati-Aliabad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Center Study

Abstract Background Iran was one of the first countries to be affected by COVID-19. Identifying factors associated with severity of COVID-19 is effective in disease management. This study investigated the epidemiological and clinical features and factors associated with severity of COVID-19 in one of the less privileged areas in Iran.Methods In a multi-center study, all patients admitted to hospitals of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences located in southeastern Iran were investigated from February 29 to April 31, 2020. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical data of patients were extracted from medical records. To explore the risk factors associated with severity of COVID-19, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used.Results Among the 413 patients, 55.5% were male and 145 (35.10%) were in a severe condition at admission time. Multivariate analysis showed that the adjusted odds of the disease severity increased in patients with older age (OR 3.51; 95% CI, 2.28-5.40), substance abuse (OR 2.22; 95% CI, 2.05-5.78) and at least one underlying disease (OR 3.45; 95% CI, 1.01-1.32).Conclusions COVID-19 was more severe in older patients, patients with a history of substance abuse, and patients with at least one underlying disease. Understanding the factors affecting the disease severity can help for clinical management of COVID-19, especially in less privileged areas where fewer resources are available.

scholarly journals Effects of management practices on the welfare of dairy donkeys and risk factors associated with signs of hoof neglect

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Dai ◽  
Giulia Segati ◽  
Marta Brscic ◽  
Matteo Chincarini ◽  
Emanuela Dalla Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Avoidance Reaction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Welfare Indicators ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Individual Farm

This Research Paper aimed to investigate donkey welfare in dairy husbandry systems and to identify the potential factors affecting it at animal level. In 2015, twelve dairy donkey farms (19–170 donkeys per farm, mean = 55 ± 48), distributed throughout Italy, were visited. On each farm, the Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) welfare assessment protocol for donkeys was used by two trained assessors to evaluate the welfare of animals for a total of 257 donkeys assessed. The protocol includes animal-based indicators that were entered in a digitalised system. Prevalence of different scores at individual, farm and category level were calculated. Farmers were asked to fill out a questionnaire including information regarding the management of donkeys and their final destination. Answers to the questionnaire were then considered as effects in the risk factor analysis whereas the scores of the animal-based indicators were considered as response variables. Most of the donkeys (80·2%) enjoyed a good nutritional status (BCS = 3). 18·7% of donkeys showed signs of hoof neglect such as overgrowth and/or incorrect trimming (Min = 0% Max = 54·5%). Belonging to a given farm or production group influenced many of the welfare indicators. The absence of pasture affected the likelihood of having skin lesions, alopecia, low BCS scores and a less positive emotional state. Lack of routine veterinary visits (P< 0·001) and having neglected hooves (P< 0·001) affected the likelihood of being thin (BCS < 3). Belonging to specific production groups, lack of access to pasture and showing an avoidance reaction to an approaching human (AD) resulted in risk factors associated with a higher prevalence of signs of hoof neglect. Our results support the idea that lack of knowledge of proper donkey care among owners was behind many welfare issues found.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL OUTCOMES OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ITS EFFECTS ON QUALITY OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
Mrs. Hanin Shalaby ◽  
Nora Baroom ◽  
Rawan Obaid ◽  
Enaam Raboe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Line Work ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
One Way Anova

Purpose: This study aimed at assessing the factors associated with psychological outcomes among HCWs in Saudi Arabia (SA) during the pandemic. It also aims to determine the factors affecting their QoL. Methodology: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all HCWs who are working in direct and indirect contact with COVID-19 cases in tertiary hospitals of SA were invited voluntarily to complete the validated web-based survey during the study period. A total of 1,182 HCWs from different regions across SA and different specialties including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, health educators, technicians, and others responded to this study between the 1st of June and the 31st of July 2020. Psychological risk factors were evaluated using Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale; and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) anxiety scale. QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Socio-demographic data were summarized with frequency and percentages. The overall anxiety, depression, WHOQOL scores of the study participants were calculated according to mean value, SD, and median. The association between socio-demographic factors and anxiety, depression scales were examined using independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and the chi-square test (for categorical depression/ anxiety variables severe depression/severe anxiety against mild/moderate/moderately severe). While those factors and WHOQOL domains were examined using one-way ANOVA.   Multivariate analysis was used to identify the front-line work predictors of depression and anxiety. Findings: Poor QoL scores were observed, especially in the physical and psychological health domains. In general, low QoL was significantly higher among workers who reported higher levels of anxiety and depression. The observed factors affecting the psychological health and QoL were age, gender, living with children and/or older people, occupation, years of experience, participation in front-line work. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Specific characteristics of HCWs may act as protective or risk factors with regard to depression, anxiety, and QoL. Targeted interventions could mitigate the negative effects of front-line work to maintain medical professionals’ optimal psychological and physical health .More research is needed to further determine how the COVID-19 pandemic and front-line work affect HCWs' mental and physical well-being

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visaratana Therakomen ◽  
Aisawan Petchlorlian ◽  
Narisorn Lakananurak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Activity Group

Abstract No previous study has investigated the prevalence and risk factors for primary sarcopenia in outpatient setting. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with primary sarcopenia in outpatient elderly. Additionally, we compared the severity of sarcopenia based on the 2014 and 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. This cross-sectional study was performed in 330 subjects aged over 60 years in an outpatient setting. The muscle strength, muscle performance and muscle mass were assessed using the handheld dynamometer, 6-m gait speed, and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 10% as per the 2014 and 2019 AWGS criteria. The development of sarcopenia was positively correlated with the age with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63–28.88] in the middle-old group (70–79 years), and 13.71 (95%CI 3.66–51.41; p = 0.009) in the very old group (≥ 80 years). Prefrailty and low physical activity were significantly associated with sarcopenia with an OR of 4.75 (95%CI 1.90—11.89) in prefrailty, 15.35 (95%CI 1.69–139.47) in the middle activity group, and 17.99 (95%CI 1.95–165.73) in the lowest activity group. In conclusion, primary sarcopenia was found in one-tenth of outpatient elderly. Age, prefrailty, and low activity were independent factors associated with sarcopenia.

Risk Factors Associated with the Outcome of Post-Traumatic Hydrocephalus

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sun ◽  
H. Zhou ◽  
Z.-Z. Ding ◽  
H. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Shunt Implantation ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background and Aim:Post-traumatic hydrocephalus is a common complication that arises after head injury. However, risk factors associated with the outcome of post-traumatic hydrocephalus have seldom been addressed. Therefore, we performed this clinical study to analyze the risk factors affecting the outcome of post-traumatic hydrocephalus in patients with head injuries.Methods:A total of 116 post-traumatic hydrocephalus patients, admitted in our hospital between March 2012 and October 2017 were reviewed. The related factors assessed were age, gender, Glasgow Coma Score on admission, platelet count, plasma fibrinogen levels, D-dimer concentration, subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hygroma, cerebral hernia, cisterna ambiens, decompressive craniectomy, cranioplasty, ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation, intracranial infection, and duration of comatous state. The patient outcomes after 6 months of treatment were evaluated by the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Risk factors for the outcome of post-traumatic hydrocephalus were evaluated by applying logistic regression analysis.Results:Poor outcome was observed in 66.4% of the patients (77/116). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the disappearance of cisterna ambiens, the long duration of comatous state (>2 months), the high levels of plasma fibrinogen, and the ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation were related to adverse outcomes (p < 0.05).Conclusion:The disappearance of cisterna ambiens, the prolonged duration of comatous state (>2 months), the high plasma fibrinogen levels are the most important factors affecting the outcome of post-traumatic hydrocephalus, and the ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation is the most critical predictor of the outcome of post-traumatic hydrocephalus.

Integral Assessment Of Risk Factors Affecting The Development Of Chronic Kidney Disease And Optimization Of The Way Of Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Akhmedova Nilufar Sharipovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Integral Assessment

Everywhere today, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a general medical problem with profound socio-medical and economic consequences associated with its widespread prevalence among the population, disability, mortality due to the development of the terminal stage of the disease. The purpose of this stage of the work was to identify and assess the risk factors associated with albuminuria affecting the development of CKD. Based on these data, a mathematical model has been developed that allows calculating the risk index (RI) of CKD development.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A scoping review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Oliva Bazirete ◽  
Manassé Nzayirambaho ◽  
Marie Chantal Uwimana ◽  
Aline Umubyeyi ◽  
Evans Marilyn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Hemorrhage Risk ◽  
Childbearing Women ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background and objectives: Postpartum hemorrhage is an important cause of maternal mortality worldwide. A host of literature highlights the difficulty in predicting which women will experience Postpartum hemorrhage. The present study aims at describing the research output on factors affecting the prevention of Postpartum hemorrhage in Low- and Middle- Income Countries.Methods: A total of 24 published research articles and 2 papers from grey literature published between 2010 and 2019 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Nursing and Allied Health Database (ProQuest). Data were extracted based on main study features and the findings were described narratively. Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping studies was used in this review.Results: Findings from the literature from Low- and Middle- Income Countries are grouped into three themes: Knowledge and understanding about the prevention of Postpartum hemorrhage; Postpartum hemorrhage risk factors among childbearing women; and use of prophylactic uterotonic drugs for PPH prevention and related policies. The majority of studies investigate pharmacological interventions for PPH prevention, while few address the early assessment of risk factors associated with Postpartum hemorrhage for proactive prevention.Conclusions: The present study suggests that assessing risk factors associated with PPH would be a practical method for early identification of clients at high-risk for developing Postpartum hemorrhage. The present scoping review highlights the paucity of research considering Postpartum hemorrhage risk factors in low- and middle- income countries, particularly in Rwanda. Further qualitative research on the perceptions of health care workers and beneficiaries about Postpartum hemorrhage risk factors is warranted, to enable the development of a tool to assess risk factors associated to Postpartum hemorrhage among childbearing women in Low- and Middle- Income Countries.

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