scholarly journals Intrinsic Workforce Diversity and Construction Worker Productivity in Pakistan: Impact of Employee Age and Industry Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Ahsen Maqsoom ◽  
Hasnain Mubbasit ◽  
Muwaffaq Alqurashi ◽  
Iram Shaheen ◽  
Wesam Salah Alaloul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Workforce Diversity ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Construction Worker ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industry Experience ◽  
Employee Age

Worker productivity is critical within construction projects as it is the measure of the rate at which work is performed and, more importantly, helps to know how to motivate them to perform at high levels. This research aimed to examine the impact of employee age and industry experience on the intrinsic workforce diversity factors influencing construction worker productivity. Sieving through the previous research and models and theories of analysis, the intrinsic workforce diversity was modeled into the following set of factors, i.e., income, motivation, psychosocial factors, and technical skills. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire survey and examined for the employees having different ages and experiences using the Mann–Whitney U test through SPSS. The results show that employees of varied ages do not concur over motivation-, psychosocial, and technical skills-related workforce diversity factors, whereas employees of varied industrial experiences are in disagreement over some income and motivation related workforce diversity factors. In order to overcome intrinsic workforce diversity, firm support is direly needed for old and mature employees in terms of financial incentives leading to motivation, less supervised scheduling, opportunities for firm advancement, and reporting back every time work is completed. Furthermore, support is required for young employees who are more susceptible due to psychosocial stresses like unevenly distributed work, communication gaps, and technical skills like knowledge of technological equipment and advancement in construction technology which has reduced the skills of workers.

scholarly journals Intrinsic psychosocial stressors and construction worker productivity: impact of employee age and industry experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1880-1902
Author(s):  
Ahsen Maqsoom ◽  
Abdul Mughees ◽  
Umar Safdar ◽  
Bilal Afsar ◽  
Badar ul Ali Zeeshan
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Construction Worker ◽  
Industry Experience ◽  
Employee Age

scholarly journals Financial Incentives and Healthcare Provision: Evidence from an Experimental Aedes aegypti Control Programme in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Freire ◽  
Umberto Mignozzetti
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Impact

Background. Mosquito control is the most effective means of reducing A. aegypti infections worldwide. In many developing countries, however, vector management programmes fail to reach their goals due to low worker productivity. Research suggests that financial incentives may increase the productivity of health personnel, yet there is little evidence about the impact of monetary rewards on A. aegypti-reduction strategies. We evaluated whether individual and collective financial incentives improve the performance of healthcare workers fighting A. aegypti, as well as their effect on city-level numbers of dengue hospitalisations. Methodology/Principal findings. We hired and trained subjects to visit households, find A. aegypti breeding sites, and eliminate mosquito larvae in the city of Rio Verde, Brazil. We randomly assigned workers into three groups. The control group received a flat compensation for their tasks, while workers in the two treatment groups received individual and collective monetary bonuses, respectively. Financial rewards increased the number of cleaned breeding sites in both treatment groups (individual and team bonuses) and the collective treatment also improved larvae extermination. The intervention lowered dengue hospitalisations in 10.3%, but the result was not consistent across all model specifications. Conclusions/Significance. A. aegypti control programmes may benefit from alternative compensation schemes, specially when provided to teams. For this strategy to succeed, financial incentives have to be distributed widely as their aggregate effect is limited. More research is needed to assess whether higher worker productivity decreases dengue hospitalisations. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue, financial incentives, mosquito control, preventive healthcare, randomised field experiment, worker productivity

scholarly journals AN ECO-SUSTAINABLE PARAMETRIC DESIGN PROCESS OF BIO-BASED POLYMERS TEMPORARY STRUCTURES

Rivista Tema ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (N.2 (2021)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modular Structures

The primary common goal of any resource processing intervention is environmental sustainability. It seeks practical collaboration in construction technology and innovation, whether intentionally used to increase eco-friendly energy savings or implicitly used to reduce the impact of construction projects on the global environment. Biopolymers are a promising field for growth because they combine high technological potential with environmental sustainability. A viable alternative to conventional, costly, and complicated construction systems is the employment of technologies that exploit environmental sustainability concepts to create temporary modular structures that maximize manufacturing times and costs. The paper presents an innovative process for designing temporary structures for social, cultural, and exhibition use. The present paper aims at the following objectives: (i) to illustrate a parametric approach to the design of spaces for such proposes; (ii) to study a prefabricated construction system consisting of interlocking elements to be dry assembled; (iii) to propose the use of new bio-based material. The building system originated based on these research instances targets the requirements of: adaptability, flexibility, and reversibility of spaces; prefabrication, lightness, and speed of installation and assembly; environmental sustainability and recyclability of components employed. In particular, the modules that make up the final product, characterized by vaults, are conceived as small shelters for reading and social activities.

Investigation of Cost-Influencing Factors Potentially ‎Controllable by Main Contractors in Construction Projects in ‎Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7A) ◽  
pp. 1069-1076
Author(s):  
Layth T. Ali ◽  
Raid S. Abid Ali ◽  
Zeyad S. M. Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Labor Recruitment ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Cost overrun in construction projects is a common phenomenon in Iraq. This might occur due to diversity of factors. This study aims to identify the factors influencing construction projects cost that are potentially controllable by main contractors. A field study through a questionnaire survey was directed to a sample of related Iraqi professional engineers from general contracting companies at both public and private sectors. Their opinions on the impact and frequency of each factor were investigated. The questionnaire offered (59) factors classified in (8) categories namely; legislations, financial and economic, design, contractual, site management, material, labor and equipment. The factors were ranked according to the highest Relative Importance Index (RII). The study revealed (10) major factors that are potentially controllable by main contractors namely; labor productivity, sub-contractors and suppliers performance, equipment productivity, site organization and distribution of equipment, experience and training of project managers, scheduling and control techniques, planning for materials supply, planning for equipment supply, materials delivery and planning for skilled labor recruitment. Recommendations to aid contractors and owners in early identification of these factors are also included in this study.

The Impact of Terrorism on Construction Industry in Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Wadhah Amer Hatem ◽  
Samiaah M. Hassen Al-Tmeemy
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Suicide Attacks ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

     Suicide attacks, bombings, explosions became the part of daily life in Iraq. Consequently, the threat of terrorism put the Iraqi construction sector in the face of unique and unusual challenges that not seen on other countries. These challenges can have extensive impact on construction projects. This paper seeks to examine the impact of the terrorist attacks on construction industry and determine the extent to which the impact of terrorism on construction projects in terms of cost, schedule, and quality. This study adapted quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data using questionnaire survey and interviews, as well as historical data. The study focused on projects that have been the target of terrorist strikes in Diyala governorate. A variety of statistical procedures were employed in data analysis. The results revealed the extent to which terrorist attacks impact construction projects in terms of cost, time, and quality. The results of this study will enhance the awareness of all construction parties to the impact of the terrorist attacks against construction projects. Eventually, this can develop a risk management assessment and assist contractors to properly protect projects and buildings to minimize injuries and fatalities in the event of terrorism.

The Impact of Financial Incentives on Crowdsourced Delivery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqian Xu ◽  
Baile Lu ◽  
Hongyan Dai ◽  
Weihua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
The Impact

Textual Transformations

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Book History ◽  
John Dryden ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lucy Hutchinson ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

This collection of twelve original essays by an international team of eminent scholars in the field of book history explores the many ways in which early modern books were subject to reworking, re-presentation, revision and reinterpretation. Their history is often the history of multiple, sometimes competing, agencies as their texts were re-packaged, redirected and transformed in ways that their original authors might hardly recognize. The essays discuss the processes of editing, revision, redaction, selection, abridgement, glossing, disputation, translation and posthumous publication that resulted in a textual elasticity and mobility that could dissolve distinctions between text and paratexts, textuality and intertextuality, manuscript and print, author and reader or editor, such that title and author’s name are no longer sufficient pointers to a book’s identity or contents. The essays are alive to the impact of commercial and technological aspects of book production and distribution (discussing, for example, the career of the pre-eminent bookseller John Nourse, the market appeal of abridgements, and the financial incentives to posthumous publication), but their interest is also in the many additional forms of agency that shaped texts and their meanings as books were repurposed to articulate, and respond to, a variety of cultural and individual needs. They engage with early modern religious, political, philosophical and scholarly trends and debates as they discuss a wide range of genres and kinds of publication (including fictional and non-fictional prose, verse miscellanies, abridgements, sermons, religious controversy) and of authors and booksellers (including Lucy Hutchinson, Richard Baxter, Thomas Burnet, Elizabeth Rowe, John Dryden, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lucy Hutchinson, Henry Maundrell, John Nourse; Jonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, John Tillotson, Isaac Watts and John Wesley).

scholarly journals Investigating the Effective Factors on Family Physicians’ prescriptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ghanbarzadegan ◽  
Z Kavosi ◽  
S Karimi ◽  
M Peyravi ◽  
A Ghorbanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The physicians are responsible for prescribing medicine rationally. Physician's awareness of prescribing guidelines can lead to the selection of the most effective, appropriate and effective measures to the improved prescription. This study aim is to determine the factors influencing drug prescribing behaviour in family physicians. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 on a case study including 150 family physicians from Shiraz City who were selected by systematic random sampling method. A questionnaire related to the behaviour of prescribing physicians was used based on the theory of planned behaviour to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts' opinion and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) by SPSS and Smart PLS software. Results It was specified that 39.3% of Shiraz family physicians have prescribed medicines for their most patients (61-70%) during the last month. Furthermore, 60% of physicians have prescribed for about 20% of their patients without any examination. In addition, 63% of doctors have repeated prescription for about 20% of patients with chronic disease. Based on the obtained results of the Research Structural Equation Model, none of the four considered variables explains changes in physicians' behaviour regarding prescribing. Although, “mental and perceived behavioural control” explain 30.2% of the changes in the intention of prescribing medication of family physicians in Shiraz. Conclusions The family physicians' behaviour in prescribing medicine shows the impact of factors such as the patient's request, as well as the role of the patients and colleagues pressure for prescribing medicine as a quality criterion for their practice. norms of mental and perceived behavioural control are effective in explaining the purpose of prescribing. Key messages Policymakers should implement policies to develop physicians’ behavior and logical prescription by education, financial incentives; consequently. Mental and perceived behavioral control are effective in explaining the purpose of prescribing.

scholarly journals Assessing Architecture-and-Landscape Integration as a Basis for Evaluating the Impact of Construction Projects on the Cultural Landscape of Tourist Seaside Resorts

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Wojciech Bal ◽  
Magdalena Czalczynska-Podolska
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Original Culture ◽  
Construction Plans ◽  
The Impact

The coastline of Western Pomerania has natural and cultural assets that have promoted the development of tourism, but also require additional measures to ensure the traditional features and characteristics are protected. This is to ensure that new developments conform to a more uniform set of spatial structures which are in line with the original culture. Today, seaside resorts are characterized by a rapid increase in development with a clear trend towards non-physiognomic architectural forms which continually expand and encroach on land closer to the coastline. This results in a blurring of the original concepts that characterized the founding seaside resort. This study evaluates 11 development projects (including a range of hotels, luxury residential buildings and hotel suites) built in 2009–2020 in the coastal area of Western Pomerania. An assessment of architecture-and-landscape integration for each development project was made, using four groups of evaluation criteria: aesthetic, socio-cultural, functional and locational factors. The study methodology included a historical and interpretative study (iconology, iconography, historiography) and an examination of architecture-and-landscape integration using a pre-prepared evaluation form. Each criterion was first assessed using both field surveys and desk research (including the analysis of construction plans and developer materials), and then compared with the original, traditional qualities of the town. This study demonstrates that it is possible to clearly identify the potential negative impact of tourism development on the cultural landscape of seaside resorts, and provides recommendations for future shaping, management and conservation of the landscape.

scholarly journals A Simulation Model of Construction Projects Executed in Random Conditions with the Overlapping Construction Works

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5795
Author(s):  
Sławomir Biruk ◽  
Łukasz Rzepecki
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Construction Works

Reducing the duration of construction works requires additional organizational measures, such as selecting construction methods that assure a shorter realization time, engaging additional resources, working overtime, or allowing construction works to be performed simultaneously in the same working units. The simultaneous work of crews may affect the quality of works and the efficiency of construction processes. This article presents a simulation model aimed at assessing the impact of the overlap period on the extension of the working time of the crews and the reduction of a repetitive project’s duration in random conditions. The purpose of simulation studies is to provide construction managers with guidelines when deciding on the dates of starting the sequential technological process lines realized by specialized working crews, for sustainable scheduling and organization of construction projects.

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