Lower Limb Perfusion Asymmetries in Humans at Rest and Following Activity—A Collective View

The significance of lower limb perfusion asymmetries remains unknown in healthy individuals. Our study aims to understand how factors such as posture, sex, age, and body weight relate to perfusion. Data from studies previously published by our group, including experiments using laser Doppler flowmetry as the gold standard for perfusion measurements in baseline, (various) challenge, and recovery phases was assembled from a total of 139 healthy participants. Body position was shown to be a primary determinant of perfusion asymmetry, especially in women. Effects of sex and age were also analyzed. In a supine position, perfusion asymmetries seemed to relate negatively in the aged group of participants, where challenge and recovery seemed to follow different processes. In the upright position, young men and women have shown comparable distributions and asymmetry ratios at baseline and recovery. In the aged group, differences between sexes were observed at baseline, but again, the course of the asymmetry ratios with challenge was essentially similar in men and women. Our analysis suggests that ageing is a critical determinant in our upright study sample, as higher baseline asymmetries and longer recoveries after challenge were linked in older males with higher body mass index (BMI).

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Group Differences Among East, South, and Southeast Asian Men and Women in Body Image

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e705612011-001 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Alefiyah Z. Pishori ◽

Michelle Williams ◽

Bede Agocha ◽

Seth J. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Group Differences ◽

Men And Women ◽

Asian Men

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ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE WORLD STRONGEST BELT WRESTLERS

SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends ◽

10.36028/2308-8826-2020-8-1-38-45 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Mariya Sedunova ◽

Liliya Konovalova

Keyword(s):

Female Athletes ◽

Group Differences ◽

Men And Women ◽

World Championship ◽

Left Handed ◽

Competitive Activity ◽

The World ◽

The Right ◽

Competitive Activities ◽

Distinguishing Features

International potential and consequent greater competition in belt wrestling increase the significance of assessing quantitative and qualitative indicators of competitive activity of the strongest wrestlers in the world. It is important to identify the sport development trends and to search for effective ways and tools for achievement of the sport excellence. Purpose: to reveal the features of efficient competitive activities of the world leading wrestlers on the basis of analysis of group differences in technical and tactical excellence indicators. Materials and methods of research. We analyzed videos of 285 events with participation of 197 wrestlers competing at the Belt Wrestling World Championship 2019 in Kazan. We registered the following indicators of competitive activity: the total and average number of fighting techniques, including techniques executed to the right and to the left side within 4 minutes of combat; number and types of technical actions of competition winners among men and women. Research results and discussion. The paper focuses on the comparative analysis of technical and tactical skills of men and women, the winners of the Belt Wrestling World Championship. The research revealed distinguishing features of the winner’s technical toolkit including the diversity of technical and tactical actions, a balance in the knowledge of the right and left-handed techniques. At the same time, the analysis of technical and tactical actions in women wrestling shows the backlog of female athletes in these components of technical fitness.

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Use of human fetal liver cells for treatment of patients with lower limb peripheral artery disease

Cell and Organ Transplantology ◽

10.22494/cot.v2i1.39 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

R. Salyutin ◽

D. Dombrowski ◽

M. Komarov ◽

N. Sokolov ◽

S. Palyanitsya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Progenitor Cells ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Fetal Liver ◽

Life Quality ◽

Liver Cells ◽

Surgical Reconstruction ◽

Clinical Effects ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Human Fetal Liver ◽

Fetal Liver Cells

In the group of patients (n = 21, mean age 54 ± 5.8 years) with chronic lower limb ischemia stage IIB who were non-liable for reconstructiverestoration surgery, we have established positive clinical effects of local transplantation of human fetal liver progenitor cells. Complex examination following 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after transplantation included duplex scanning of limb arteries, x-ray contrast arteriography and laser Doppler flowmetry as well as measuring pain-free walking and evaluating life quality based on individual questionnaire data.Owing to the transplant “Cryopreserved human fetal liver progenitor cells” the patients demonstrated stable increase of life quality index and pain-free walking as well as improvement of general health allowing assign them to the group of patients with lower ischemia stage, quicker social rehabilitation and lesser risk of disabling surgery (р < 0.05). Also, there were observations of improved microcirculation in the ischemic extremities owing to activation of endothelium-independent mechanisms of vasodilatation, reduced myotonus and neurotonus of the pre-capillaries and improved endothelium-dependent influence on the microhaemodynamic and, hence, an increased reserve capillary blood flow (p < 0.05).Analysis of the obtained results indicates prospects and effectiveness of using fetal liver cells transplantation in the patients who are not liable for surgical reconstruction of the vascular bed.

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High Cortico-Trabecular Transitional Zone Porosity and Reduced Trabecular Density in Men and Women with Stress Fractures

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10051123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1123

Author(s):

Afrodite Zendeli ◽

Minh Bui ◽

Lukas Fischer ◽

Ali Ghasem-Zadeh ◽

Wolfgang Schima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽

Distal Tibia ◽

Transitional Zone ◽

Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽

Stress Fractures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Trabecular Microstructure ◽

Trabecular Density

To determine whether stress fractures are associated with bone microstructural deterioration we quantified distal radial and the unfractured distal tibia using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in 26 cases with lower limb stress fractures (15 males, 11 females; mean age 37.1 ± 3.1 years) and 62 age-matched healthy controls (24 males, 38 females; mean age 35.0 ± 1.6 years). Relative to controls, in men, at the distal radius, cases had smaller cortical cross sectional area (CSA) (p = 0.012), higher porosity of the outer transitional zone (OTZ) (p = 0.006), inner transitional zone (ITZ) (p = 0.043) and the compact-appearing cortex (CC) (p = 0.023) while trabecular vBMD was lower (p = 0.002). At the distal tibia, cases also had a smaller cortical CSA (p = 0.008). Cortical porosity was not higher, but trabecular vBMD was lower (p = 0.001). Relative to controls, in women, cases had higher distal radial porosity of the OTZ (p = 0.028), ITZ (p = 0.030) not CC (p = 0.054). Trabecular vBMD was lower (p = 0.041). Distal tibial porosity was higher in the OTZ (p = 0.035), ITZ (p = 0.009), not CC. Stress fractures are associated with compromised cortical and trabecular microstructure.

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Lower-limb hot-water immersion acutely induces beneficial hemodynamic and cardiovascular responses in peripheral arterial disease and healthy, elderly controls

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00404.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 312 (3) ◽

pp. R281-R291 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Kate N. Thomas ◽

André M. van Rij ◽

Samuel J. E. Lucas ◽

James D. Cotter

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Duplex Ultrasound ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Hot Water ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Limb Perfusion ◽

Peripheral Arterial ◽

Hot Water Immersion

Passive heat induces beneficial perfusion profiles, provides substantive cardiovascular strain, and reduces blood pressure, thereby holding potential for healthy and cardiovascular disease populations. The aim of this study was to assess acute responses to passive heat via lower-limb, hot-water immersion in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and healthy, elderly controls. Eleven patients with PAD (age 71 ± 6 yr, 7 male, 4 female) and 10 controls (age 72 ± 7 yr, 8 male, 2 female) underwent hot-water immersion (30-min waist-level immersion in 42.1 ± 0.6°C water). Before, during, and following immersion, brachial and popliteal artery diameter, blood flow, and shear stress were assessed using duplex ultrasound. Lower-limb perfusion was measured also using venous occlusion plethysmography and near-infrared spectroscopy. During immersion, shear rate increased ( P < 0.0001) comparably between groups in the popliteal artery (controls: +183 ± 26%; PAD: +258 ± 54%) and brachial artery (controls: +117 ± 24%; PAD: +107 ± 32%). Lower-limb blood flow increased significantly in both groups, as measured from duplex ultrasound (>200%), plethysmography (>100%), and spectroscopy, while central and peripheral pulse-wave velocity decreased in both groups. Mean arterial blood pressure was reduced by 22 ± 9 mmHg (main effect P < 0.0001, interaction P = 0.60) during immersion, and remained 7 ± 7 mmHg lower 3 h afterward. In PAD, popliteal shear profiles and claudication both compared favorably with those measured immediately following symptom-limited walking. A 30-min hot-water immersion is a practical means of delivering heat therapy to PAD patients and healthy, elderly individuals to induce appreciable systemic (chronotropic and blood pressure lowering) and hemodynamic (upper and lower-limb perfusion and shear rate increases) responses.

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Constrained Intentions

Socius Sociological Research for a Dynamic World ◽

10.1177/2378023116685334 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 237802311668533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claudia Geist ◽

Sarah Brauner-Otto

Keyword(s):

Fertility Intentions ◽

West Germany ◽

Group Differences ◽

Panel Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Men And Women ◽

East And West Germany ◽

Multiple Dimensions ◽

Short And Long Term

Using five waves of the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics ( pairfam), we examine how economic circumstances are related to fertility intentions in childless young men and women in East and West Germany. We explore multiple dimensions of fertility intentions: short-term intentions for the next two years, long-term expectations about family size, and uncertainty about these short- and long-term intentions. Our findings suggest that economic circumstances constrain fertility intentions and increase uncertainty. Although fertility intentions differ between men and women and by region, the broad mechanisms that predict intentions are very similar across groups for long-term intentions and uncertainty. However, group differences emerge in short-term intentions.

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Changes in Indicators of Microcirculation in the Early Postoperative Period in the Treatment of Diaphyseal Fractures of the Shin Bones Using a Plate with Limited Contact

Acta biomedica scientifica ◽

10.29413/abs.2019-4.3.8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 58-62

Author(s):

A. I. Plakhov ◽

L. I. Kolesnikova ◽

L. I. Korytov ◽

V. G. Vinogradov ◽

M. A. Darenskaya

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Period ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Early Period ◽

Metal Plate ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Control Group ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Results Of Treatment ◽

Diaphyseal Fractures

Background. Unsatisfactory results of treatment, such as delayed consolidation and non-fusion of fractures, the formation of false joints and limb bone defects, have no tendency to decrease. We can assume that one of the leading factors of complications in traumatology is a violation of microcirculation in the affected segment of the limb.Aims. To identify patterns of changes in the parameters of the microcirculatory bed of the damaged segment of the lower limb when fixing bone fragments with a plate with limited contact in the early period after surgery.Materials and methods. In 25 patients, we studied four parameters of microcirculation of the lower limb segment with application of laser Doppler flowmetry. The control group consisted of 25 healthy volunteers, comparable in age and sex with the study group.Results. We found that in the early postoperative period (from the first to the 10th day after the surgery) in patients with diaphyseal fractures of the tibia operated with metal plate with limited contact there was an increase in microcirculation by 75.69 %, an increase in the proportion of the nutritive component of microcirculation compared to the shunt fraction by 24.64 %, as well as an increase in more than one ratio of the amplitude of the heart and respiratory range. All of that indicates a local circulatory disorder in the nutritive arterial hyperemia. We note that the increase in the amplitude of the respiratory component by 17.22 % and the equality of the amplitude of the cardiac range compared with the control group indicate violations of local blood circulation by the type of venous stagnation.Conclusion. On the basis of the results obtained, we note that patients with diaphyseal fractures of the shin bones treated with metal osteosynthesis with a plate with limited contact in the early postoperative period develop a violation of local blood circulation in the stagnant-hyperemic type.

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Active and Passive Mobility of Lower Limb Joints in Elderly Men and Women

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/00002060-198908000-00002 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 162-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Barbara James ◽

Anthony W. Parker

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Men And Women

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Limb perfusion in the lower limb amputee—a comparative study using a laser Doppler flowmeter and a transcutaneous oxygen electrode

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.3109/03093648709078183 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 80-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

S. L. E. Fairs ◽

R. O. Ham ◽

B. A. Conway ◽

V. C. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Local Heating ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Laser Doppler ◽

Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Amputation Level ◽

Significant Difference

Accurate and objective assessment of amputation level in the lower limb plays an important role in patient management. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is a new and noninvasive technique for skin blood flow measurement and has been used pre-operatively in 25 patients undergoing amputation for vascular disease and in five normal controls. Baseline flux measurements were made at room temperature on the medial aspect of legs and then again after local heating of the skin for five minutes. Transcutaneous oxygen measurements were made at the same site for comparison and amputation level in patients selected on this basis. Significant differences (p<0.001) in TcPO2 values were found between controls (10.9±0.5kPa), below-knee (BK) amputees (6.0±1.5kPa) and above-knee (AK) amputees (1.5±0.6kPa). Baseline LDF flux did not differ significantly between any group. Heated flux values did however show a significant difference (p<0.005) between controls (52.4±23.5) and both BK (20.6±9.2) and AK groups (8.1±7.7) and also between the amputee groups. The relative increase in flux (heated flux/baseline flux) differed significantly between the BK (3.3±1.5) and AK (1.2±0.3) groups (p<0.001) and between these two and the controls (11.2±5.4) (p<0.001). The correlation between relative increase in flux and TcPO2 was 0.7 (p<0.001). It is concluded that laser Doppler flowmetry used in conjunction with thermal stressing could provide a quick, simple and non-invasive method for objectively determining amputation level in the lower limb.

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