scholarly journals Occurrence and Exposure Assessment of Aflatoxins and Deoxynivalenol in Cereal-Based Baby Foods for Infants

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Herrera ◽  
Noemi Bervis ◽  
Juan José Carramiñana ◽  
Teresa Juan ◽  
Antonio Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Level ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
The Eu

Aflatoxins are carcinogenic to humans and deoxynivalenol causes digestive disorders, and both mycotoxins occur frequently in cereal-based foods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence and levels of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in cereal-based baby foods as well as to calculate the estimated daily intakes (EDI) in different stages of infancy. Sixty samples of infant cereals (wheat-, corn-, rice-, oat-, and mixed grain-based) were collected during a 2-year period and analyzed by validated methods. Aflatoxins were detected in 12 samples (20%), six of which exceeded the EU maximum level for aflatoxin B1 set at 0.10 µg/kg. Deoxynivalenol appeared in 20% of baby food samples, with one sample exceeding the EU maximum level established at 200 µg/kg. There were no significant differences between gluten-free products for babies aged 4–6 months and multi-cereal products for infants aged 7–12 months, nor between whole-grain-based and refined ingredients. However, baby food products of organic origin showed significantly higher levels of deoxynivalenol than conventional ones (p < 0.05). It is proposed for the health protection of infants and young children, a vulnerable group, to establish the lowest maximum level for the sum of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) in baby food.

Bacteriological Quality of Infant Milk Foods

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 340-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. SINGH ◽  
SUKHBIR SINGH ◽  
V. K. BATISH ◽  
B. RANGANATHAN
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Dnase Activity ◽  
Weaning Food ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Weaning Foods ◽  
Different Types

Ten samples of baby foods comprising seven brands of infant milk foods and three brands of milk-cereal weaning foods were examined for incidence of different types of microorganisms. One brand of infant milk food with 91 × 102 organisms also exhibited the maximum number of staphylococci and some of these were coagulase positive. Some staphylococcal isolates showed thermostable deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity and also produced enterotoxins A or B. One sample of weaning food showed high counts of Bacillus cereus. In one of the reconstituted baby food samples when held at ambient temp. (37.5 C), the Staphylococcus aureus and B. cereus counts increased 10-fold in 3 h.

Survey of Total Tetrahydrophthalimide in Baby Foods Using Both Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry: A Comparative Study

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jupiter M Yeung ◽  
W Harvey Newsome
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

Abstract An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was compared with a gas chromatographic/ mass spectrometric (GC/MS) method for determining the concentration (in parts per million) of the combination of captan and its degradation product tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) in 13 fruit samples and in a survey of baby foods. Ninety baby foods (49 fruits, 28 juices, and 13 vegetables) from 2 different suppliers were sampled. All captan in the samples was converted to THPI before each analysis. None of the samples contained a concentration of combined captan and THPI that violated the maximum residue limit of 5.0 ppm. Eight samples of baby food tested positive for THPI at levels ranging from 0.019-0.041 ppm by the GC/MS method, whereas 20 samples tested positive in the ELISA assay. All samples that tested positive with the GC/MS method also tested positive with the ELISA method. Thirteen percent of the baby food samples tested false positive with the ELISA method. The ELISA assay also gave higher values than the GC/MS method. The ELISA method can be effectively used as a primary screening tool to select samples testing positive for THPI. The concentration of THPI in these samples can then be verified using the GC/MS method.

Pesticide Residue Analysis in Fruit- and Vegetable-Based Baby Foods Using GC-Orbitrap MS

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lozano ◽  
Samanta Uclés ◽  
Ana Uclés ◽  
Carmen Ferrer ◽  
Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
Keyword(s):  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Full Scan ◽  
Multiresidue Pesticide Analysis ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

Abstract This paper presents an efficiency evaluation of GC coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap MS for identification and quantitation in the multiresidue pesticide analysis of baby foods in full-scan mode. The identification criteria were studied following SANTE guidelines (retention time, mass accuracy, and ion ratio), comfortably complying with the values established, even at 0.003 mg/kg. Method validation was carried out on 15 selected GC-amenable pesticides covered by Commission Directive No. 2006/125/EC in three different baby food matrixes. Recovery studies were performed at 0.003 and 0.006 mg/kg, with 96% of the cases falling within the 70–120% range and with RSDs &lt;15% for all the pesticides assayed. Linearity over 3 orders of magnitude was verified, with residuals &lt;16% and correlation coefficient values &gt;0.995. In general, matrix effect values were &gt;100%. The LOQ was 0.003 mg/kg for 97% of the cases. The validated method was applied to 20 real baby food samples from Spain and to the European Union Proficiency Test FV-BF01 sample, in which the z-scores obtained were &lt;1, thus demonstrating that this instrumentation has good quantitation capabilities.

scholarly journals Natural Occurrence of Deoxynivalenol in Cereal-Based Baby Foods for Infants from Western Poland

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Kinga Mruczyk ◽  
Angelika Cisek-Woźniak ◽  
Małgorzata Mizgier ◽  
Rafał W. Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Estimated Daily Intake ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The study examined 110 samples of baby products based on rice, wheat, maize and multi-grains available on the western Polish market in order to detect the level of deoxynivalenol (DON) by means of HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). DON was detected in 9.09% of the infant food samples, with an average and maximum level of 107.8 ± 30 and 148 μg/kg, respectively. The highest concentration of DON was detected in food for infants: wheat-based (mean 121 ± 7.07, 4.8%), multi-grain (mean 118 ± 5.65, 4.25%) and maize-based (mean 100 ± 37.96; 35.30%). No high DON content and high estimated daily intake were observed in the analyzed products. However, in order to minimize the harmfulness associated with the presence of DON in food for infants and young children, a risk assessment should be performed based on the monitoring results.

Comparative analysis of chemical contamination of baby foods and primary pediatric morbidity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YuL Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Microsoft Word ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pediatric Morbidity

The safety of baby foods is key to a child’s health, which, in turn, is one of the prioritized national goals. As they grow, children get exposed to numerous negative environmental impacts. Chemical contamination of baby foods can increase pediatric morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between baby food contamination and primary pediatric morbidity using data on 65 Russian regions collected in 2012–2017 by the Russian Federal Information Public Health Surveillance Foundation. The data were processed in Microsoft Word 2010 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Of 67,940 samples of baby foods analyzed for chemical contamination, priority pollutants (toxic element) were detected in 14.1%. The most contaminated were fruit and vegetable purees (47.1%), followed by milk formulas and cultured dairy products (19.9%). We also analyzed 32,914 indicators of pediatric morbidity. The Pearson correlation analysis detected reliable correlations between baby food contamination and the primary incidence of endocrine disorders in infants, as well as the primary incidence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and cancer in children aged 0 to 14 years.

scholarly journals Technology for An Instant Almond Gruel

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Z. Hosseini ◽  
G. H. Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Production ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Digestive Disturbance

This paper describes methods for processing an instant baby food made from rice and almonds. Commercial production of ready-to-serve baby foods in Iran is limited, and imported baby foods are expensive. Since home preparation is time-consuming and often neglected, a ready-to-serve local product is desirable. The resultant product was acceptable and caused no digestive disturbance when fed to children for three months.

Determination of iodine in selected foods and diets by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujang Tinggi ◽  
Niikee Schoendorfer ◽  
Peter S. W. Davies ◽  
Pieter Scheelings ◽  
Henry Olszowy
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Daily Intakes

Iodine is an essential trace element, and its deficiency has caused concern in many countries. Foods are the principal source of iodine, and its levels are generally low. In this study, selected food items were obtained from food market outlets in Brisbane, Australia. Food samples of dietary intakes of selected healthy children in Brisbane, Australia, were also collected for analysis and assessment of iodine nutritional status. In Australia, there has been little study on iodine dietary intakes, particularly in young children. The aims of this study were to provide further information on iodine levels in foods for Australian food composition data, and to estimate the iodine daily intakes of selected healthy children. Food samples were analyzed for iodine concentrations using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after alkaline digestion with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), and the method was validated using a certified reference material of nonfat milk (NIST, SRM 1549). The results of this study indicated a wide variation of iodine in foodstuffs, which ranged from <0.02 to 0.101 mg/kg for cereals, 87 to 299 μg/kg for milk, and 86 to 271 μg/kg for cheese products. The study also showed that the daily intakes of iodine in these children (n= 15) varied widely and ranged from 36.9 to 288.1 μg/day (mean ± s.d, 93.1 ± 76.7 μg/day).

Furan in the baby-food samples purchased from the Finnish markets – Determination with SPME–GC–MS

2009 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Jestoi ◽  
Talvikki Järvinen ◽  
Eila Järvenpää ◽  
Heli Tapanainen ◽  
Suvi Virtanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Samples ◽  
Baby Food
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