scholarly journals Bacteriophage Therapy to Reduce Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in Broiler Chickens before Slaughter

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
Daniela D’Angelantonio ◽  
Silvia Scattolini ◽  
Arianna Boni ◽  
Diana Neri ◽  
Gabriella Di Serafino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Group B

Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported gastrointestinal disease in humans. Campybacter jejuni is the main cause of the infection, and bacterial colonization in broiler chickens is widespread and difficult to prevent, leading to high risk of occurrence in broiler meat. Phage therapy represents an alternative strategy to control Campylobacter in poultry. The aim of this work was to assess the efficacy of two field-isolated bacteriophages against experimental infections with an anti-microbial resistant (AMR) Campylobacter jejuni strain. A two-step phage application was tested according to a specific combination between chickens’ rearing time and specific multiplicities of infections (MOIs), in order to reduce the Campylobacter load in the animals at slaughtering and to limit the development of phage-resistant mutants. In particular, 75 broilers were divided into three groups (A, B and C), and phages were administered to animals of groups B and C at day 38 (Φ 16-izsam) and 39 (Φ 7-izsam) at MOI 0.1 (group B) and 1 (group C). All broilers were euthanized at day 40, and Campylobacter jejuni was enumerated in cecal contents. Reductions in Campylobacter counts were statistically significant in both group B (1 log10 colony forming units (cfu)/gram (gr)) and group C (2 log10 cfu/gr), compared to the control group. Our findings provide evidence about the ability of phage therapy to reduce the Campylobacter load in poultry before slaughtering, also associated with anti-microbial resistance pattern.

scholarly journals Bacteriophage Therapy To Reduce Campylobacter jejuni Colonization of Broiler Chickens

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 6554-6563 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Loc Carrillo ◽  
R. J. Atterbury ◽  
A. El-Shibiny ◽  
P. L. Connerton ◽  
E. Dillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Lytic Bacteriophage ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Bacteriophage Infection ◽  
Low Passage

ABSTRACT Colonization of broiler chickens by the enteric pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is widespread and difficult to prevent. Bacteriophage therapy is one possible means by which this colonization could be controlled, thus limiting the entry of campylobacters into the human food chain. Prior to evaluating the efficacy of phage therapy, experimental models of Campylobacter colonization of broiler chickens were established by using low-passage C. jejuni isolates HPC5 and GIIC8 from United Kingdom broiler flocks. The screening of 53 lytic bacteriophage isolates against a panel of 50 Campylobacter isolates from broiler chickens and 80 strains isolated after human infection identified two phage candidates with broad host lysis. These phages, CP8 and CP34, were orally administered in antacid suspension, at different dosages, to 25-day-old broiler chickens experimentally colonized with the C. jejuni broiler isolates. Phage treatment of C. jejuni-colonized birds resulted in Campylobacter counts falling between 0.5 and 5 log10 CFU/g of cecal contents compared to untreated controls over a 5-day period postadministration. These reductions were dependent on the phage-Campylobacter combination, the dose of phage applied, and the time elapsed after administration. Campylobacters resistant to bacteriophage infection were recovered from phage-treated chickens at a frequency of <4%. These resistant types were compromised in their ability to colonize experimental chickens and rapidly reverted to a phage-sensitive phenotype in vivo. The selection of appropriate phage and their dose optimization are key elements for the success of phage therapy to reduce campylobacters in broiler chickens.

The use of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard when rearing of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
L. Gamko ◽  
T. Tarinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat

It is known that necessary to replace the components of organic acids, which are part of acidifiers when drinking water to poultry in order to prevent the adaptation of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In the poultry industry organic acids are widely used, which are used as acidifiers to preserve the properties of water consumed. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of broiler meat production when using acidifying agents of drinking water Aquasafe and Veleguard. The experimental part of the work has been performed in JSC “Kurinoe Tsarstvo-Bryansk” broiler area “Roshcha” in the Pochepsky district. The object of research was the livestock of broiler chickens cross Cobb 500 at floor housing. The effect of water acidifiers on meat productivity has been studied. Groups of chickens have been formed on the principle of pairs-analogues. Broiler chickens of experimental groups have been separated from the main livestock by a grid in the corner of the room for 100 heads in each group. It has been found by a result of research to be optimal dose usage of acidifying agents water Aquasafe and Veleguard to drink to broiler chickens. The positive effect of these acidifiers on the digestion of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, contributing to the effective use of nitrogen, which led to an increase in the intensity of growth, young animals’ livability and improved feed conversion. Slaughter yield in the control group was 55,1 %, and in the experimental group 57,2 and 58,4 %, which was by 2,1 and 3,3 % higher with the same level of metabolic energy and nutrients. In chickens that consumed acidifi ers more intensively used nutrients feed for deposition in the body of the components of the carcass, which affected the production. A positive impact of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard on meat quality in broiler chickens has been found.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Study of Campylobacter jejuni Bacteriophages and Their Hosts from Broiler Chickens

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 3877-3883 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Connerton ◽  
C. M. Loc Carrillo ◽  
C. Swift ◽  
E. Dillon ◽  
A. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Broiler House

ABSTRACT A longitudinal study of bacteriophages and their hosts was carried out at a broiler house that had been identified as having a population of Campylobacter-specific bacteriophages. Cloacal and excreta samples were collected from three successive broiler flocks reared in the same barn. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from each flock, whereas bacteriophages could be isolated from flocks 1 and 2 but were not isolated from flock 3. The bacteriophages isolated from flocks 1 and 2 were closely related to each other in terms of host range, morphology, genome size, and genetic content. All Campylobacter isolates from flock 1 were genotypically indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE and multilocus sequence typing indicated that this C. jejuni type was maintained from flock 1 to flock 2 but was largely superseded by three genetically distinct C. jejuni types insensitive to the resident bacteriophages. All isolates from the third batch of birds were insensitive to bacteriophages and genotypically distinct. These results are significant because this is the first study of an environmental population of C. jejuni bacteriophages and their influence on the Campylobacter populations of broiler house chickens. The role of developing bacteriophage resistance was investigated as this is a possible obstacle to the use of bacteriophage therapy to reduce the numbers of campylobacters in chickens. In this broiler house succession was largely due to incursion of new genotypes rather than to de novo development of resistance.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BAFASAL FEED ADDITIVE ON MORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF CHICKENS-BROILER’S BLOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
N. Shkodyak ◽  
M. Zhyla ◽  
O. Pyatnychko ◽  
I. Avdosyeva ◽  
V. Dmitrotsa
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Experimental Group

Recently, interest in the use of bacteriophage therapy in poultry has arisen in the context of the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, as the need to find alternative antibacterial agents is urgent. In addition, EU legislation prohibits the use of antibiotics in feed to stimulate the growth of animals and poultry. Bafasal – a new and innovative agent based on natural components of the ecosystem, has a high specificity to Salmonella serovars, in particular, S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, S. mbandaka, S. gallinarum, S. іnfantis, which are most often diagnosed in poultry farming. This is the first bacteriophage product on the poultry market, which is recommended as a feed additive for broiler chickens. The article presents the results of studies on the safety of Bafasal under the application as a feed additive for the prevention of bacterial diseases in poultry breeding. Bafasal was used for chickens of the experimental group according to the following scheme: from 1 to 14 days of the experiment – per 10 chickens – 50 cm3 of feed additive dissolved to 0,5% concentration; and from 15 to 35 days – 100 cm3 of the drug dissolved to 0,25 % concentration. Feeding of poultry of the control and experimental groups was carried out with identical feeds in accordance with regulatory requirements, taking into account the age of the bird. The clinical condition of the bird’s body was monitored daily, on the 35th day of the experiment; ten chickens from each group were taken blood samples for further laboratory tests. The morphological and biochemical parameters of the broiler chicken’s blood under the application of Bafasal feed additive were studied. It was found that the hematological and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens in the experimental group were within the physiological norm for poultry of this age on fattening, and therefore corresponded to the status of a conditionally healthy organism without signs of pathophysiological abnormalities. There was a reliable increase, within the physiological norm, in the relative number of lymphocytes by 11, 9 % (p <0,05) and a tendency to increasing the number of leukocytes, which showed a sufficient immune potential of the birds and an increase in cellular factors of natural resistance, compared with control chickens. According to the parameters of mineral metabolism, the serum content of Calcium and Phosphorus within the physiological norm was noted, which indicated a sufficient level of mineral supply of the organism of the experimental birds as a whole. In addition, in chicken fed Bafasal throughout the fattening period, the serum enzyme’s ALT, AST and creatine kinase activities and the content of total cholesterol not differ significantly from the control group, indicating the absence of signs of hepatotoxic effects of the studied feed additive.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE EXTRACT OF THE COLUMBER ON THE QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF MEAT CHICKEN-BROILERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
E. A. Kishnyaykina ◽  
K. V. Zhuchaev ◽  
O. A. Bagno ◽  
V. S. Tokarev ◽  
M. L. Kochneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Broiler Farm

Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the use of various doses of pharmaceutical substances based on the extract of a medicinal plant thyme on the quality indicators of broiler meat. The work was done in a broiler farm. Formed control and 5 experimental groups of day-old broiler chickens with 37 heads in each group. Chickens of the control group were fed the basic ration, broilers of the experimental groups additionally received a pharmaceutical substance obtained from the medicinal plant thyme in various doses: the 1–2 mg / kg, 2–4, the 3–6, 4–8, 5–10 mg / kg body weight daily. At the end of poultry rearing, the slaughter qualities of carcasses, the development of internal organs and the chemical composition of the pectoral muscle are determined. At the end of the study, the positive effect of thyme extract on the indicators of anatomical cutting of broiler chickens was established. In the 3th, 4th and 5th experimental groups, significant differences were found compared with the control group. Thyme extract did not have a negative impact on the development of the internal organs of broiler chickens. There are no significant differences in chemical composition and the amount of essential amino acids in the pectoral muscles of broilers.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF BROILER MEAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
Viktor Buyarov ◽  
Valentina Mednova ◽  
Aleksandr Buyarov ◽  
Olga Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The issues of development and implementation of resource-saving technologies in broiler poultry farming have a complex purposefulness and their solution must be scientifically substantiated and cost-effective. The productive qualities of meat chickens and broiler chickens of the productive crosses are significantly influenced by many factors that make up the conditions of keeping and feeding. The use of Apex and Emicidin preparations both separately and in combination with each other when rearing chickens of the broiler parent flock of the Ross 308 cross had a positive effect on their productivity and the quality of hatching eggs obtained at the end of the productive period, at the age of 52 weeks. Egg production per initial hen exceeded that in the control group by 2.6% in experimental group 1 (Emicidin), by 3.2% in experimental group 2 (Apex 3010), and by 5.8% in experimental group 3 (combined use of Emicidin and Apex 3010). The determined zootechnical indicators showed high efficiency of the use of the GerbaStor preparation for the floor rearing of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross in conditions of increased stocking density in winter. The difference in the productivity index was 18 units, and in meat yield from 1 m² of floor, it was 1.37 kg (3.8%) in favor of the broilers of the experimental group 2, who received GerbaStor. The profitability of the production and sale of meat of broilers grown under an increased stocking density using the GerbaStor preparation was 3.95% higher than that of broilers in the control group.

scholarly journals Efficiency of use of zinc mixed liganding complex in compound feeds for chicken broilers

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
A. Redka ◽  
V. Bomko ◽  
M. Slomchynskyi ◽  
A. Chernyavsky ◽  
S. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Mixed Ligand Complex ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Mixed Ligand ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Ligand Complex ◽  
Broiler Meat

The effectiveness of the use of zinc mixed-ligand complex in feed for broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 was studied. It was found that the reduction of the dose of introduction into compound feeds for broiler chickens, for periods of cultivation of 5-21, 22-35 and 36-42 days, of mixed zinc complex from 60, 50 and 40 g to 45, 37,5 and 30 g of the element per 1 ton of compound feed shows the best results. Live weight of broilers of the 2nd group, which depending on the growing period 5-21, 22-35 and 36-42 days, consumed feed with mixed ligand complex Zinc in a dose corresponding to the introduction of 37.5, 30.0 and 25, 0 g of element per 1 ton of compound feed was the highest and at the age of 42 was 2669.2 g, which was 7.1% higher than that of the control group chickens. It was found that the use of zinc mixed-ligand complex in the doses corresponding to the introduction, by age, 37,5, 30,0 and 25,0 and 30,0, 25,0 and 20,0 g of element per ton of compound feed, compared with the introduction of mixed ligand complex at doses corresponding to the introduction of 1 t of compound feed 45, 37.5 and 30 g of element, increases the average daily increments for the whole period of the experiment by 4.2 and 2.9 g, or 7.2 (P <0, 05) and 5.1%. Feeding mixed fodder with zinc mixed ligand increased sales revenue by 28.4% and profitability of broiler meat production from 37.2% to 47.1%. Thus, the profit per head increased from 22.6 to 28.65 UAH. As a result of the production check, it is established that, provided the same selling price for the products, the use of compound feeds with the addition of zinc zinc-ligand complex has a positive effect on the conservation of livestock, increases the weight of the carcass, reduces feed costs for growth, which leads to increased profits increasing the level of profitability of meat production of broiler chickens. Key words: zinc mixed ligand complex, zinc sulfate, broiler chickens, daily average gain, control group, experimental group, economic efficiency, production check.

The effectiveness of using the plant feed additive Biostrong 510 in feeding of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
A. Lavrentiev ◽  
A. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Meat Productivity

The development of the poultry industry signifi cantly solves the problem of food for the population and is one of the important tasks of the any state. The use of modern technologies and the use of meat crosses with high productivity is the basis for effi cient production of broiler meat. The purpose of the work was the expediency and effi ciency of enriching compound feed with the plant feed additive Biostrong 510 to increase meat productivity and quality of broiler chickens. In order to study the feasibility and eff ectiveness of feeding the plant feed additive Biostrong 510 in compound feed for broiler chickens under the environments of LLC “Akashevskaya poultry Farm” in the Republic of Mari El, a scientifi c and economic experiment has been carried out. The object of research was broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross. Comprehensive studies have been conducted to study the eff ect of diff erent doses of the plant feed additive Biostrong 510 in the technology of feeding broiler chickens. The eff ect of the additive on meat productivity and quality of meat, morphological and biochemical parameters of blood of broiler chickens, and economic eff ectiveness has been studied. Recipes for compound feed with diff erent doses of the feed additive Biostrong 510 have been developed. The absolute gain in live weight in experimental broiler chickens for the accounting period of all experimental groups was greater in comparison with the control group and amounted to 2148,2; 2233,1; 2221,5 g, respectively, for the experimental groups, compared to 2058,5 g in the control group. It has been found that the use of the plant feed additive Biostrong 510 increases the economic eff ectiveness of broiler meat production. The best results have been obtained when this additive was added to the compound feed of broiler chickens of the 2nd experimental group in the amount of 150 g per 1 ton of compound feed.

scholarly journals Coadministration of the Campylobacter jejuni N-Glycan-Based Vaccine with Probiotics Improves Vaccine Performance in Broiler Chickens

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nothaft ◽  
M. E. Perez-Muñoz ◽  
G. J. Gouveia ◽  
R. M. Duar ◽  
J. J. Wanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
World Health ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Phase Variable ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Potential Biomarker

ABSTRACT Source attribution studies report that the consumption of contaminated poultry is the primary source for acquiring human campylobacteriosis. Oral administration of an engineered Escherichia coli strain expressing the Campylobacter jejuni N-glycan reduces bacterial colonization in specific-pathogen-free leghorn chickens, but only a fraction of birds respond to vaccination. Optimization of the vaccine for commercial broiler chickens has great potential to prevent the entry of the pathogen into the food chain. Here, we tested the same vaccination approach in broiler chickens and observed similar efficacies in pathogen load reduction, stimulation of the host IgY response, the lack of C. jejuni resistance development, uniformity in microbial gut composition, and the bimodal response to treatment. Gut microbiota analysis of leghorn and broiler vaccine responders identified one member of Clostridiales cluster XIVa, Anaerosporobacter mobilis, that was significantly more abundant in responder birds. In broiler chickens, coadministration of the live vaccine with A. mobilis or Lactobacillus reuteri, a commonly used probiotic, resulted in increased vaccine efficacy, antibody responses, and weight gain. To investigate whether the responder-nonresponder effect was due to the selection of a C. jejuni “supercolonizer mutant” with altered phase-variable genes, we analyzed all poly(G)-containing loci of the input strain compared to nonresponder colony isolates and found no evidence of phase state selection. However, untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics identified a potential biomarker negatively correlated with C. jejuni colonization levels that is possibly linked to increased microbial diversity in this subgroup. The comprehensive methods used to examine the bimodality of the vaccine response provide several opportunities to improve the C. jejuni vaccine and the efficacy of any vaccination strategy. IMPORTANCE Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of human diarrheal disease worldwide and is listed by the World Health Organization as a high-priority pathogen. C. jejuni infection typically occurs through the ingestion of contaminated chicken meat, so many efforts are targeted at reducing C. jejuni levels at the source. We previously developed a vaccine that reduces C. jejuni levels in egg-laying chickens. In this study, we improved vaccine performance in meat birds by supplementing the vaccine with probiotics. In addition, we demonstrated that C. jejuni colonization levels in chickens are negatively correlated with the abundance of clostridia, another group of common gut microbes. We describe new methods for vaccine optimization that will assist in improving the C. jejuni vaccine and other vaccines under development.

scholarly journals Effects of aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) gel on growth performance and haemato-biochemical profiles in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
MM Islam ◽  
KKI Khalil ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
KM Sujan ◽  
A Mustari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Group B

The study was designed to assess the effects of aloe vera gel (AVG) on broiler growth performance and haemato-biochemical changes. “Lohman” day-old broiler chicks (n=48) were reared for 28 days. At day 13, chicks were randomly divided into four equal groups (12/group). Group A was non-treated control. Group B was supplemented with antibiotic (oxytetracycline hydrochloride) as a growth promoter in water. Group C and D were supplied AVG (1% and 2%) in drinking water. Antibiotic and AVG treated broilers had higher (P<0.05) live weight (1803.8 ± 63.6 gm and 1800.00 ± 64.2 gm) than control (1607.5 ± 41.7 gm). Total erythrocyte count (3.6 ± 0.1 x 106/uL), haemoglobin (9.9 ± 0.1 gm%) and packed cell volume (35.2 ± 0.4 %) were higher (P<0.05) in treated groups. It is suggested that the aloe vera gel supplementation (1-2%) may be used as an alternative to antibiotics for better growth performance in broilers without deleterious effects on haematobiochemical profiles. The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2019) 36(1 - 2): 25-32

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