scholarly journals Excess Body Mass—A Factor Leading to the Deterioration of COVID-19 and Its Complications—A Narrative Review

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2427
Author(s):  
Weronika Gryczyńska ◽  
Nikita Litvinov ◽  
Bezawit Bitew ◽  
Zuzanna Bartosz ◽  
Weronika Kośmider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Ischemic Complications ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
The Impact

Currently, the world is facing two serious pandemics: obesity and COVID-19. It is well-established that the prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically, causing a deterioration in the health quality of the population and increasing susceptibility for the unfavourable course of acute infections. It has been observed that excess body mass significantly influences the COVID-19 outcome. The aim of this review is to present the latest scientific reports on the impact of excess body mass on the course and complications of COVID-19. The Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Only studies reporting patients stated to be COVID-19 positive based on the results of a nasopharyngeal swab and the ribonucleic acid test were included. It is shown that thromboembolic and ischemic complications, namely stroke, disseminated intravascular coagulation, severe hyperglycaemia, and leukoencephalopathy are more likely to appear in COVID-19 positive patients with obesity compared to non-obese subjects. COVID-19 complications such as cardiomyopathy, dysrhythmias, endothelial dysfunction, acute kidney injury, dyslipidaemia, lung lesions and acute respiratory distress syndrome have a worse outcome among obese patients.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Multi-Morbidity, and COVID-19 Risk Factors as Predictors of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110185
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Nanda ◽  
Audry S. Chacin Suarez ◽  
Loren Toussaint ◽  
Ann Vincent ◽  
Karen M. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Morbidity Score ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to investigate body mass index, multi-morbidity, and COVID-19 Risk Score as predictors of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Patients Patients from this study are from a well-characterized patient cohort collected at Mayo Clinic between January 1, 2020 and May 23, 2020; with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis defined as a positive result on reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assays from nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Measures Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical record. The data included: date of birth, gender, ethnicity, race, marital status, medications (active COVID-19 agents), weight and height (from which the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated, history of smoking, and comorbid conditions to calculate the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the U.S Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) multi-morbidity score. An additional COVID-19 Risk Score was also included. Outcomes included hospital admission, ICU admission, and death. Results Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the impact on mortality or hospital admission. Age, sex, and race (white/Latino, white/non-Latino, other, did not disclose) were adjusted for in the model. Patients with higher COVID-19 Risk Scores had a significantly higher likelihood of being at least admitted to the hospital (HR = 1.80; 95% CI = 1.30, 2.50; P < .001), or experiencing death or inpatient admission (includes ICU admissions) (HR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.42; P = .028). Age was the only statistically significant demographic predictor, but obesity was not a significant predictor of any of the outcomes. Conclusion Age and COVID-19 Risk Scores were significant predictors of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Further work should examine the properties of the COVID-19 Risk Factors Scale.

scholarly journals Obesity and Skin Problems in Persons With a Lower Limb Amputation: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terezka S. Mollee ◽  
Pieter U. Dijkstra ◽  
Rienk Dekker ◽  
Jan H.B. Geertzen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Amputation ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: A lower limb amputation can lead to weight gain and obesity. However, data regarding the prevalence of obesity in the Dutch population with a lower limb amputation are lacking. Furthermore, the impact of obesity on skin problems of the residual limb and the need of prosthetic repairs is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity in Dutch persons with a lower limb amputation and to investigate the relationship between body weight, body mass index and skin problems of the residual limb and the frequency of prosthetic repairs. Methods: A survey was performed among adults with a unilateral lower limb amputation due to any cause, and who are user of a prosthesis. The survey consisted of measurement of the subjects’ body height and weight, a questionnaire which assessed self-reported skin problems in the previous month and factors potentially associated with these skin problems, and assessment of the frequency of visits to the orthopedic workshop. Results: In total, 413 persons were enrolled. Of them, 39% (95% confidence interval 35%−44%) was overweight and 28% (95% confidence interval 24%−33%) was obese. A total of 77% (95% confidence interval 73%−81%) reported one or more skin problems in the past month. Body weight and body mass index were neither associated with the presence of skin problems in general nor with the number of prosthetic repairs. Persons with severe skin problems had a slightly lower body mass index (26.6 kg/m2 vs. 28.0 kg/m2, p = 0.012). Persons with skin problems were younger than those without (difference in means 6.0 years (95% confidence interval 3.0−8.9)). Conclusion: Our findings show that obesity is common in the ambulant population with a lower limb amputation, with a prevalence being higher than in the general Dutch adult population. However, its negative impact on the presence of skin problems and the frequency of prosthetic repairs may be limited.

scholarly journals NOTEWORTHY: THE IMPACT OF A CHOIR FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA ON THE WELL-BEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF CAREGIVERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S752-S752
Author(s):  
Debra J Sheets ◽  
Stuart W MacDonald ◽  
Andre Smith ◽  
Mary Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Caregiver Support ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Informal caregivers provide 80% of the care needed to support community-dwelling older adults with dementia. Over time caregivers often face adverse effects on their health, quality of life and well-being; particularly those caring for someone with dementia. This study examines the impact of participation in the Voices in Motion (ViM) choir on caregiver burden, mood and quality of life. A measurement burst approach was used to investigate intraindividual variability on key psychosocial and health indicators. Results indicate that choir participation significantly improves caregiver well-being (e.g. mood, burden) and quality of life. Findings suggest that choirs offer significant caregiver support and respite. The discussion focuses the public policy and on the potential economic implications which suggests a shift is needed in the services available to older adults with dementia and their caregivers.

scholarly journals General Health Quality of Life Instruments Underestimate the Impact of Bilateral Cochlear Implantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore R. McRackan ◽  
Joshua E. Fabie ◽  
Prashant N. Bhenswala ◽  
Shaun A. Nguyen ◽  
Judy R. Dubno
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
General Health ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Health Quality Of Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Of Life Instruments

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF OBESITY ON THE COURSE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN WOMEN AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
V. M. Nedoborenko ◽  
I. P. Kaidashev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the causes of chronic fatigue with a decrease in the quality of life, impaired cognitive function and poor labor productivity. Obesity as a condition of chronic low-intensity inflammation is one of the factors that increases the risk of anemia and impairs the quality of life in the general population. We drew attention to the high global prevalence of anemia among pregnant women of reproductive age in the world and the prevalence of high body mass index among women compared to men in most countries. The objective of the work was to determine the impact of obesity on clinical features and quality of life of women with ІDA. We analyzed the main markers of ІDA and hematologic indices in women with obesity (n = 30) compared with the control group (n = 10), where there were women with ІDA but without obesity. It was found that there was no statistical difference between these parameters, but nevertheless, the serum ferritin level in obese women was (4.70 ± 2.68) ng/ml compared to (3.50 ± 2.93) ng/ml and had a significant positive correlation with body mass index. The analysis of the questionnaires revealed that obesity is still a significant factor in women with ІDA and obesity, which determines the decrease in quality of life mainly in the physical aspect in the absence of significant influence on the psychosocial components of health.

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and skin problems in persons with a lower limb amputation: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terezka S. Mollee ◽  
Pieter U. Dijkstra ◽  
Rienk Dekker ◽  
Jan H.B. Geertzen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Amputation ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Obesity is common in persons with a lower limb amputation, an amputation can also lead to further weight gain. Data regarding the prevalence of obesity in the Dutch population with a lower limb amputation are lacking. Furthermore, the impact of obesity on skin problems of the residual limb and the need of prosthetic repairs is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity in Dutch persons with a lower limb amputation and to investigate the relationship between body weight, body mass index and skin problems of the residual limb and the frequency of prosthetic repairs. Methods A survey was performed among adults with a unilateral lower limb amputation due to any cause, and who are user of a prosthesis. The survey consisted of measurement of the subjects’ body height and weight, a questionnaire which assessed self-reported skin problems in the previous month and factors potentially associated with these skin problems, and assessment of the frequency of visits to the orthopedic workshop. Results In total, 413 persons were enrolled. Of them, 39% (95 % confidence interval 35;44) were overweight and 28% (95% confidence interval 24;33) were obese. A total of 77% (95% confidence interval 73;81) reported one or more skin problems in the past month. Body weight and body mass index were neither associated with the presence of skin problems in general nor with the number of prosthetic repairs. Persons with severe skin problems had a slightly lower body mass index (26.6 kg/m2 vs. 28.0 kg/m2, p = 0.012). Persons with skin problems were younger than those without (difference in means 6.0 years (95% confidence interval 3.0;8.9)). Conclusions Our findings show that obesity is common in the Dutch ambulant population with a lower limb amputation, with a prevalence being higher than in the general Dutch adult population. However, its negative impact on the presence of skin problems and the frequency of prosthetic repairs may be limited.

scholarly journals Child Perception Questionnaire for Oral Symptoms of Hypodontia Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Qurrat-Ul-Ain Fatima ◽  
Muhammed Mujtaba ◽  
Wali Dad ◽  
WaqasLatif
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Abnormality ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
The Impact

Background: The congenital absence of one or more deciduous or permanent teeth is called hypodontia. It is the most prevalentcongenital dental abnormality. Hypodontia could be caused by a number of genetic and environmental factors.Objectives: The aim of the current study was to find out the impact of hypodontia on oral health and quality of life of children.Material and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was carried out on 40 patients suffering from hypodontia and 40healthy controls in the outpatient department of Nishtar institute of dentistry, Multan. Patients and healthy controls were selected bynon-probability convenient sampling technique without any gender discrimination. Age of the selected patients and controls was11-14 years. Oral health was checked by using dental examination instruments. Urdu Proformas were used for betterunderstanding of children.Results: Mean age of the study subjects was 11.9 (± 0.94) years with range of 11 to 14 years. There was 36 (45%) male and 44(55%) female. In our study, maxillary lateral incisor was the most commonly missing tooth. Out of 40 patients suffering fromhypodontia, about 37 (92.5%) patients presented with poor oral health, 38 (95%) patients were affected by their condition and31(77.5%) patients were dissatisfied from their appearance.Conclusion: Hypodontia had great impact on the quality of life of the children. Patients presented with poor oral health and werehighly dissatisfied from their condition.Keywords: Hypodontia, oral health, quality of life

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN ANGKA KEMATIAN IBU (AKI) DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Arif Nurhidajat ◽  
Dyah Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Maternal Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Program Plan ◽  
The Impact

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is a sensitive indicator that shows the health quality of a country and gets special attention from the United Nations (UN) so that it is placed as one of the targets in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This study tries to look at the effectiveness of efforts to reduce MMR in Indonesia with a focus on research on the analysis of AKI targeting in Indonesia, the effectiveness of the RAN PPAKI program, and the adequacy of budget allocations for efforts to reduce MMR. Furthermore, by using a qualitative analysis approach that adopts the Miles and Huberman (1984) model, results are obtained that the target targets for decreasing the MMR have been quite realistic even though in the determination there are differences in the calculation methods between national targets and the MDGs. In terms of the program plan and its implementation, it was found that the implementation of the RAN PPAKI program was not optimal and effective due to several factors, including: 1) determining the output and efforts to reduce MMR in the form of top down from the Ministry of Health, which paid little attention to needs and characteristics each region; 2) the synchronization and coordination between the activities of reducing MMR financed from the APBN and APBD are not optimal; 3) cross-sectoral coordination that is still very weak and not optimal; and 4) there has been no in-depth evaluation of the impact or relevance of RAN PPAKI's output / activity and budget on the achievement of the reduction in MMR. In addition, the analysis results related to the variable budget allocation for the reduction of MMR, namely the budget to support the implementation of the 2013-2015 RAN PPAKI has been sufficient but the problem is the lack of flexibility in its use, given the allocation of the budget by the center and regions less able to adjust to the needs based on the characteristics in the area. Keywords: Effectiveness, Maternal Mortality Rate, Reduction JEL Classification: H51, I18   Abstrak Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) merupakan indikator sensitif yang menunjukan kualitas kesehatan suatu Negara dan mendapat perhatian khusus dari Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB) sehingga ditempatkan sebagai salah satu target dalam Tujuan Pembangunan Millennium atau Millenium Development Goals (MDGs). Kajian ini mencoba melihat efektivitas upaya penurunan AKI di Indonesia dengan fokus penelitian pada analisis penetapan target AKI di Indonesia, efektivitas program RAN PPAKI, dan kecukupan alokasi anggaran untuk upaya penurunan AKI. Selanjutnya, dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kualitatif yang mengadopsi model Miles dan Huberman (1984), diperoleh hasil bahwa target sasaran penurunan AKI yang ditetapkan sudah cukup realistis meskipun dalam penetapannya terdapat perbedaan metode perhitungan antara target nasional dan MDGs. Dari sisi rencana program dan pelaksanaannya diperoleh hasil telitian bahwa pelaksanaan program RAN PPAKI belum optimal dan efektif yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain: 1) penentuan output dan aktifitas upaya penurunan AKI lebih bersifat top down dari Kemenkes, di mana kurang memperhatikan kebutuhan dan karakteristik masing-masing daerah; 2) sinkronisasi dan koordinasi antara kegiatan penurunan AKI yang dibiayai dari APBN dan APBD belum optimal; 3) koordinasi lintas sektor yang masih sangat lemah dan belum optimal; dan 4) belum adanya evaluasi mendalam terhadap dampak atau relevansi output/aktivitas dan anggaran RAN PPAKI terhadap capaian penurunan AKI. Di samping itu, juga diperoleh hasil analisis terkait dengan variabel alokasi anggaran untuk penurunan AKI, yaitu anggaran untuk mendukung pelaksanaan RAN PPAKI 2013-2015 telah cukup memadai namun yang menjadi masalah adalah kurang adanya fleksibilitas dalam penggunaannya, mengingat peruntukkan anggaran telah ditetapkan oleh pusat dan daerah kurang dapat menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan berdasarkan karakteristik yang ada di daerah.

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