scholarly journals The Differences in the Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies after mRNA Vaccine between Convalescent and Non-Previously Infected People Disappear after the Second Dose—Study in Healthcare Workers Group in Poland

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg ◽  
Jana Przekwas ◽  
Zuzanna Kraszewska ◽  
Alicja Sękowska ◽  
Sylwia Brodzka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
System Response ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Dose Study ◽  
Immune System Response ◽  
Antibody Levels

(1) Background: In many infections, antibodies play a crucial role in controlling infection. In COVID-19, the dynamics of the immune system response to SARS-CoV-2 is not fully understood. (2) Methods: The study was conducted on 120 healthcare workers from Dr. Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, between June and December 2020. In all participants, IgA and IgG antibody serum concentrations were measured using the semi-quantitative Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA test (Euroimmun). After vaccination, in January and February 2021, antibody levels were examined using the quantitative IgG Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Quantivac ELISA test (Euroimmun). (3) Results: During the whole study period, the SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 29 (24.2%) participants. In all infected participants, IgA and IgG antibodies were detectable after infection by semi-quantitative serological tests. Levels of antibodies were higher one month after the first dose in the convalescents than in the non-previously infected participants. In this second group, the level of antibodies increased significantly after the second dose of vaccines compared to the first dose. (4) Conclusions: The level of antibodies after the first dose of vaccine in the convalescents’ group is higher than in the SARS-CoV-2 non-infected group, but the differences disappear after the second vaccination.

scholarly journals Waning of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody levels response to inactivated cellular vaccine over 6 months among healthcare workers

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Taminato ◽  
Ana Paula Cunha Chaves ◽  
Richarlisson Borges de Morais ◽  
Luiz Vinícius Leão Moreira ◽  
Danielle Dias Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Vaccine Booster ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background Health Care workers (HCW) are an important group affected by this pandemic and COVID-19 has presented substantial challenges for health professionals and health systems in many countries. The Brazilian vaccination plan implemented in October, so that third dose for HCW. However, the persistence of CoronaVac vaccine-induced immunity is unknown, and immunogenicity according to age cohorts may differ among individuals. Objective Evaluate the post vaccination immune humoral response and the relationship between post-vaccination seropositivity rates and demographic data among Healthcare Workers over 6 months after CoronaVac immunization. Methods A cross section study including Healthcare professionals vaccinated with CoronaVac for 6 months or more. The study was carried with the analysis of post-vaccination serological test to assess the levels of humoral response after vaccination. Results 329 participants were included. Among them, 76% were female. Overall, 18.5% were positive quantitative titles (IQR 42.87-125.5) and the negative group was 80%, quantitative titles (IQR 5.50-13.92). Conclusion It was possible to identify a group with positive quantitative titles in serological test for IgG antibody against the SARS-CoV-2. Further investigation is required to determine the durability of post-vaccination antibodies and how serological tests can be determine the ideal timing of vaccine booster doses.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Healthcare Workers in Germany: A Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4540
Author(s):  
Johannes Korth ◽  
Benjamin Wilde ◽  
Sebastian Dolff ◽  
Jasmin Frisch ◽  
Michael Jahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Igg Antibody

SARS-CoV-2 is a worldwide challenge for the medical sector. Healthcare workers (HCW) are a cohort vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to frequent and close contact with COVID-19 patients. However, they are also well trained and equipped with protective gear. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody status was assessed at three different time points in 450 HCW of the University Hospital Essen in Germany. HCW were stratified according to contact frequencies with COVID-19 patients in (I) a high-risk group with daily contacts with known COVID-19 patients (n = 338), (II) an intermediate-risk group with daily contacts with non-COVID-19 patients (n = 78), and (III) a low-risk group without patient contacts (n = 34). The overall seroprevalence increased from 2.2% in March–May to 4.0% in June–July to 5.1% in October–December. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG detection rate was not significantly different between the high-risk group (1.8%; 3.8%; 5.5%), the intermediate-risk group (5.1%; 6.3%; 6.1%), and the low-risk group (0%, 0%, 0%). The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence remained low in HCW in western Germany one year after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Germany, and hygiene standards seemed to be effective in preventing patient-to-staff virus transmission.

scholarly journals Reactogenicity Correlates Only Weakly with Humoral Immunogenicity after COVID-19 Vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA (Comirnaty®)

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Jürgen Held ◽  
Jan Esse ◽  
Koray Tascilar ◽  
Philipp Steininger ◽  
Kilian Schober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Boost Vaccination ◽  
Antibody Levels

mRNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), such as BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®), have proven to be highly immunogenic and efficient but also show marked reactogenicity, leading to adverse effects (AEs). Here, we analyzed whether the severity of AEs predicts the antibody response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Healthcare workers without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, who received a prime-boost vaccination with BNT162b2, completed a standardized electronic questionnaire on the duration and severity of AEs. Serum specimens were collected two to four weeks after the boost vaccination and tested with the COVID-19 ELISA IgG (Vircell-IgG), the LIAISON® SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG CLIA (DiaSorin-IgG) and the iFlash-2019-nCoV NAb surrogate neutralization assay (Yhlo-NAb). A penalized linear regression model fitted by machine learning was used to correlate AEs with antibody levels. Eighty subjects were enrolled in the study. Systemic, but not local, AEs occurred more frequently after the boost vaccination. Elevated SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels were measured in 92.5% of subjects with Vircell-IgG and in all subjects with DiaSorin-IgG and Yhlo-NAb. Gender, age and BMI showed no association with the antibody levels or with the AEs. The linear regression model identified headache, malaise and nausea as AEs with the greatest variable importance for higher antibody levels (Vircell-IgG and DiaSorin-IgG). However, the model performance for predicting antibody levels from AEs was very low for Vircell-IgG (squared correlation coefficient r2 = 0.04) and DiaSorin-IgG (r2 = 0.06). AEs did not predict the surrogate neutralization (Yhlo-NAb) results. In conclusion, AEs correlate only weakly with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody levels after COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN LATERAL FLOW, ELISA AND ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE IMMUNOASSAYS FOR THE DETECTION OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Shincy ◽  
Vandana Govindan ◽  
H H Sudhakar ◽  
V T Venkatesha ◽  
K Padmapriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Human Igg ◽  
Serological Tests

ABSTRACTBackgroundMedical professionals and researchers have been urging the need for wide and rapid testing of citizens in order to plan measures that can contain the spread of the virus. Antibody tests play an important role throughout the patient care pathway and are vital for the management and surveillance of the virus. Although RT-PCR is considered as the gold standard, serological tests based on antibodies are helpful for on-time detection. We performed one to one assessment of point-of-care lateral flow assay (POCTs), enzyme immunoassay (EIAs), electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibody.Materials and Methods611 healthcare workers were recruited between November and December 2020 at Central Research Laboratory, KIMS. Collected serum samples were analysed according to manufacturer’s protocol. The Standard Q IgG/IgM combo assay, Anti-SARS CoV-2 Human IgG ELISA, and the Elecsys® to measure the IgG titer of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).ResultsThe kits displayed a sensitivity of 61.2%,79.5%, 91.8% and specificity of 61.7%,64.1%,80.2% for the Standard Q IgG/IgM combo assay, Anti-SARS CoV-2 Human IgG ELISA, and the Elecsys® in order.ConclusionOur results indicate high sensitivity and specificity for the Elecsys® assay compared to Anti-SARS CoV-2 Human IgG ELISA, the Standard Q IgG/IgM combo assay.

scholarly journals Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Screening of Healthcare Workers in the Southern Part of Kyoto City During the COVID-19 Pre-pandemic Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Fujita ◽  
Shinpei Kada ◽  
Osamu Kanai ◽  
Hiroaki Hata ◽  
Takao Odagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Kyoto City ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with a heavy burden on the mental and physical health of patients, regional healthcare resources, and global economic activity. While understanding of the incidence and case-fatality rates has increased, there are limited data concerning seroprevalence of antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in healthcare workers during the pre-pandemic period. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers in the southern part of Kyoto city, Japan.Methods: We prospectively recruited healthcare workers from a single hospital between April 10 and April 20, 2020. We collected serum samples from these participants and quantitatively evaluated SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results: Five (5.4%), 15 (16.3%), and 72 (78.3%) participants showed positive, borderline, and negative serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody status, respectively. We found the mean titer associated with each antibody status (overall, positive, borderline, and negative) was clearly differentiated. Participants working at the otolaryngology department and/or with a history of seasonal common cold symptoms had a significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titer (p = 0.046, p = 0.046, respectively).Conclusions: Five (5.4%) and 15 (16.3%) participants tested positive and borderline, respectively, for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody during the COVID-19 pre-pandemic period. These rates were higher than expected, based on government situation reports. These findings suggest that COVID-19 had already spread within the southern part of Kyoto city at the early stage of the pandemic.

scholarly journals The duration, dynamics and determinants of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in individual healthcare workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila F Lumley ◽  
Jia Wei ◽  
Denise O’Donnell ◽  
Nicole E Stoesser ◽  
Philippa C Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Credibility Interval ◽  
Mixed Linear Models ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Asian Ethnicity ◽  
Interval Censored ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody measurements can be used to estimate the proportion of a population exposed or infected and may be informative about the risk of future infection. Previous estimates of the duration of antibody responses vary. Methods We present 6 months of data from a longitudinal seroprevalence study of 3276 UK healthcare workers (HCWs). Serial measurements of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid and anti-spike IgG were obtained. Interval censored survival analysis was used to investigate the duration of detectable responses. Additionally, Bayesian mixed linear models were used to investigate anti-nucleocapsid waning. Results Anti-spike IgG levels remained stably detected after a positive result, e.g., in 94% (95% credibility interval, CrI, 91-96%) of HCWs at 180 days. Anti-nucleocapsid IgG levels rose to a peak at 24 (95% credibility interval, CrI 19-31) days post first PCR-positive test, before beginning to fall. Considering 452 anti-nucleocapsid seropositive HCWs over a median of 121 days from their maximum positive IgG titre, the mean estimated antibody half-life was 85 (95%CrI, 81-90) days. Higher maximum observed anti-nucleocapsid titres were associated with longer estimated antibody half-lives. Increasing age, Asian ethnicity and prior self-reported symptoms were independently associated with higher maximum anti-nucleocapsid levels and increasing age and a positive PCR test undertaken for symptoms with longer anti-nucleocapsid half-lives. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid antibodies wane within months, and faster in younger adults and those without symptoms. However, anti-spike IgG remains stably detected. Ongoing longitudinal studies are required to track the long-term duration of antibody levels and their association with immunity to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.

scholarly journals Does reactogenicity after a second injection of the BNT162b2 vaccine predict spike IgG antibody levels in healthy Japanese subjects?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Takeuchi ◽  
Yukie Higa ◽  
Akina Esaki ◽  
Yosuke Nabeshima ◽  
Akemi Nakazono
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Japanese Subjects

Adverse reactions are more common after the second injection of messenger RNA vaccines such as Pfizer/BioNTech's BNT162b2. We hypothesized that the degree and severity of reactogenicity after the second injection reflects the magnitude of antibody production against the SARS CoV-2 virus spike protein (spike IgG). Blood samples were obtained from 67 healthy Japanese healthcare workers three weeks after the first injection and two weeks after the second injection of the BNT162b2 vaccine to measure spike IgG levels. Using questionnaires, we calculated an adverse event (AE) score (0-11) for each participant. The geometric mean of spike IgG titers increased from 1,047 antibody units (AU/mL) (95% CI: 855±1282 AU/mL) after the first injection to 17,378 AU/mL (14,622±20,663 AU/mL) after the second injection. The median AE score increased from 2 to 5. Spike IgG levels after the second injection were negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with spike IgG after the first injection. AE scores after the second injection were not significantly associated with log-transformed spike IgG after the second injection, when adjusted for age, sex, and log-transformed spike IgG after the first injection. Although the sample size was relatively small, reactogenicity after the second injection may not accurately reflect antibody production.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN LATERAL FLOW, ELISAAND ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE IMMUNOASSAYS FOR THE DETECTION OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Shincy M R ◽  
Vandana Govindan ◽  
Sudhakar H H ◽  
Padmapriya K ◽  
Venkatesha V T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Human Igg ◽  
Serological Tests

Background: The detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG is important to determine the course of COVID-19. Medical professionals and researchers have been urging the need for wide and rapid testing of citizens in order to plan measures that can contain the spread of the virus. Antibody tests play an important role throughout the patient care pathway and are vital for the management and surveillance of the virus. Although RTPCR is considered to be the gold standard, serological tests based on antibodies could be very helpful for on-time detection. We performed one to one assessment of electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, enzyme immunoassay (EIAs), and point-of-care lateral ow assay (POCTs) to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibody. Materials and Methods: 611 healthcare workers were recruited between November and December 2020 at Central Research Laboratory, KIMS. ® Collected serum samples were analysed using three commercially available assays: the Elecsys , Anti-SARS CoV-2 Human IgG ELISA, the Standard Q IgG/IgM combo assay following the manufacturer's protocol to measure the IgG titer of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results:The kits displayed a sensitivity of 91.8%, 79.5% ,61.2% and a specicity of 80.2%, 64.1% ,61.7% in order. Conclusion: ® Our results indicate a high sensitivity and specicity for the Elecsys assay compared to Anti-SARS CoV-2 Human IgG ELISA, the Standard Q IgG/IgM combo assays.

scholarly journals Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening of healthcare workers in the southern part of Kyoto city during the COVID-19 peri-pandemic period

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Fujita ◽  
Shinpei Kada ◽  
Osamu Kanai ◽  
Hiroaki Hata ◽  
Takao Odagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Kyoto City ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with a heavy burden on the mental and physical health of patients, regional healthcare resources, and global economic activity. While our understanding of the incidence and case-fatality rates increases, data on seroprevalence of antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in healthcare workers during the peri-pandemic period is insufficient. This study quantitatively evaluated seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody in healthcare workers in the southern part of Kyoto city, Japan. Methods: We prospectively recruited healthcare workers from a single hospital between April 10 and April 20, 2020. We collected serum samples from these participants and quantitatively evaluated SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Five (5.4%), 15 (16.3%), and 72 (78.3%) participants showed positive, borderline, and negative serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody status, respectively. We found the mean titer associated with each antibody status (overall, positive, borderline, and negative) was clearly differentiated. Participants working at the otolaryngology department and/or having a history of seasonal common cold symptoms had a significantly higher titer of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody (p=0.046, p=0.046, respectively). Conclusions: Five (5.4%) and 15 (16.3%) participants tested positive and borderline, respectively, for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody during the COVID-19 peri-pandemic period. These rates were higher than expected based on government situation reports. The present findings suggest that COVID-19 was already spread in the southern part of Kyoto city at the early stage of pandemic.

scholarly journals Humoral response to the BBIBP-CorV vaccine over time in healthcare workers with or without exposure to SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Noel Badano ◽  
Florencia Sabbione ◽  
Irene Keitelman ◽  
Matias Pereson ◽  
Natalia Aloisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Over Time

AbstractSARS-CoV-2-specific humoral response was analyzed over time in a group of healthcare workers with or without exposure to SARS-CoV-2, who underwent vaccination with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccine in Argentina.Seroconversion rates in unexposed subjects after the first and second doses were 40% and 100%, respectively, showing a significant increase in antibody concentrations from dose 1 to dose 2 (p<0.0001).The highest antibody concentrations were found in younger subjects and women, remaining significantly associated in a multivariable linear regression model (p=0.005).A single dose of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine induced a strong antibody response in individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2infection, while a second dose did not increase this response. A sharp increase in antibody concentrations was observed following SARS-CoV-2 infection in those participants who became infected after the first and second doses (p=0.008).Individuals with SARS-CoV-2 exposure prior to vaccination showed significantly higher anti-spike IgG antibody levels, at all-time points, than those not exposed (p<0.001). Higher antibody titers were induced by a single dose in previously SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals than those induced in naïve subjects by two doses of the vaccine (p<0.0001). Three months after the second dose both groups showed a decline in antibody levels, being more abrupt in unexposed subjects.Overall, our results showed a trend towards lower antibody concentrations over time following BBIBP-CorV vaccination. Sex and age seem to influence the magnitude of the humoral response in unexposed subjects while the combination of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 plus vaccination, whatever the sequence of the events was, produced a sharp increase in antibody levels.Evaluation of the humoral responses over time and the analysis of the induction and persistence of memory B and T cell responses, are needed to assess long-term immune protection induced by BBIBP-CorV vaccine.

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