scholarly journals The Flexible Governance of Water in Cairo’s Informal Areas

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1644
Author(s):  
Deena Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the relationship between informality and water infrastructure in informal areas in Egypt. I apply three concepts drawn from the wider literatures on state power and governance: Topological power, flexible governing, and the “statization” of urban space. I find that infrastructure has functioned as one of the main instruments through which the state is produced or “effected” in the daily lives of residents. Due to this, examining the governance of water infrastructure in informal areas exposes the Egyptian state’s “flexibility” and the uneven nature of its power. I argue that this flexibility is a result of the ad hoc nature of power in governance and the uneven quality of the state’s authority and reach. This flexibility creates a waterscape constituted by overlapping infrastructures, practices, and actors, making traditional binaries such as public–private and formal–informal meaningless. However, I find that in Egypt’s post-Arab-Spring era, the state has been seeking ways to effect its presence more strongly within informal areas, and one of the ways in which it has been doing so is by incorporating “informal” users into the “formal” public water supply and allowing/forcing them to pay for water. I argue that this accommodation of informality is a way to increase the statization of informal areas, while also charging them for water usage. In this way, I find that the state’s flexibility allows it to benefit from informality without having to actually “formalise” the neighbourhoods themselves or address the underlying causes of why they are labelled as informal.

scholarly journals Adolescent impulsiveness and use of alcohol and tobacco

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Mª del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes ◽  
José J. Gázquez ◽  
Mª del Mar Molero ◽  
Fernando Cardila ◽  
África Martos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescence is characterized by premature experimentation with new experiences and sensations. These experiences sometimes include drugs, which even though legal and socially accepted, begin to have noticeable negative consequences to the adolescent’s development. In recent years, a decrease in use of tobacco by Spanish adolescents has been observed, but not in alcohol. One of the causes of initiation in drug use is impulsive personality or behavior. Thus the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between impulsiveness and frequency of use of alcohol and tobacco in 822 students aged 13 to 18 years of age. The State Impulsivity Scale (SIS) and an ad hoc questionnaire on demographic characteristics and use of alcohol and tobacco were used for this. The results showed that students who stated they were users scored significantly higher on impulsivity. Thus detailed analysis of the profile of individuals with this risk factor could favor more adequate intervention program design.

scholarly journals Budget performance indicators: theoretical and practical aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-63
Author(s):  
Serhii YUSHKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Budget Deficit ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Budget Management ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Budget Execution

The article examines the indicators on the basis of which the budget execution in Ukraine is assessed. Budget revenues and expenditures are characterized. The paper demonstrates the features of calculating the budget deficit (surplus) in Ukraine before and after 2004 year, emphasizing that despite the special place of this indicator in the budget planning system, for various reasons for a number of years there was neglect of current regulations legislation and world experience in budget deficit management. It is emphasized the imperfection of the budget deficit indicator due to its inherent shortcomings, concluding that the absolute value of the budget deficit is important in connection with another indicator – budget financing. The components of budget financing are named and characterized. It was found that the most important role in the context of balancing the main budget of the state belongs to debt operations. It is demonstrated the relationship between indicators of budget deficit and financing (their modular values are the same), revenues and expenditures (identical provided the balances at the beginning and end of the reporting period), net borrowing and the amount of public debt (the value of the latter increases / decreases by the amount net borrowing). The examples of specific budget years demonstrate the facts of exceeding the total amount of funding (budget deficit) by net borrowings of the state; the conclusion about the significance of the indicator of net borrowings in assessing the state of public finances is drawn; the need for further search for ways to improve the quality of budget management, thoughtful borrowing planning, the implementation of active budget operations with securities is stressed.

scholarly journals La Repercusión en la calidad de vida, salud y práctica de actividad física del confinamiento por Covid-19 en España (Effects on quality of life, health and practice of physical activity of Covid-19 confinement in Spain)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 684-695
Author(s):  
Marta García-Tascón ◽  
Cristina Mendaña-Cuervo ◽  
César Sahelices-Pinto ◽  
Ana-Mª Magaz-González
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The State ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Total Percentage

En España, la declaración del estado de alarma por la pandemia Covid-19, supuso que entre el 14 de marzo y el 2 de mayo de 2020, 47 millones de habitantes estuvieran confinados y sólo pudieran salir a cubrir necesidades básicas. Ante este hecho es oportuno analizar su impacto sobre la salud, tomando en consideración cómo afectó a la práctica de la actividad física. Se administró un cuestionario ad hoc. Los participantes fueron 1046 personas (hombre 48.57% y mujer 51.43%) y con una edad media de 40 (± DT 13.35 años). Respecto a la práctica de actividad física, destaca una significativa disminución de intensidad y cantidad (p < .001), y una modificación del tipo de actividad física realizada, pasando de deportes cardiovasculares y de aptitud muscular a prácticas de gimnasias suaves y flexibilidad. Aumentó el porcentaje total de personas que no realizaron nada de actividad física. Aun disponiendo de más tiempo libre, las personas en situación de ERTE, disminuyeron significativamente su cantidad de actividad física realizada (p < .001). Estos resultados permiten concluir que el confinamiento supuso una modificación de hábitos de práctica de actividad física, una disminución de los valores recomendados como saludables, lo que conllevó implicaciones sobre la salud y la calidad de vida. Se ofrece información que ayudará a entender estos nuevos comportamientos y que facilitará a los gestores estrategias innovadoras para activar la vuelta a niveles anteriores de actividad física, su incremento y, en definitiva, la reactivación del sector deportivo.  Abstract: In Spain, the declaration of the state of alarm due to the Covid-19 pandemic, meant that between 14th of March and 2nd of May 2020, 47 million inhabitants were confined at home and could only go out to cover basic needs. This unprecedented event has led to a paradigm shift, and it is appropriate to analyze its impact on health, considering how it has affected the practice of physical activity. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered. The participants were 1046 people (48.57% male and 51.43% female) and the average age of 40 (± DT 13.35 years). Regarding the practice of physical activity, a significant decrease in intensity and quantity stands out (p < .001), and a modification of the type of physical activity performed, going from cardiovascular sports and muscular fitness to soft gymnastics and flexibility practices. The total percentage of people who did no physical activity at all, increased. In addition, although more free time was available, people in ERTE situation significantly decreased their amount of physical activity performed (p < .001). These results allow us to conclude that confinement has meant a modification of physical activity practice habits and a decrease in the recommended values ​​of healthy healthy, and therefore has had implications on health and quality of life. This information will help to understand these new behaviors in order for managers to implement innovative strategies to reactivate the return to previous levels of physical activity, its increase and, in short, the reactivation of the sports sector.

scholarly journals Stigmatization in Patients With Psoriasis: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlin Zhang ◽  
Zihan Yang ◽  
Keyun Tang ◽  
Qiuning Sun ◽  
Hongzhong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Health Quality Of Life ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Therapeutic Responses

Psoriasis is a chronic and recurrent immune-related skin disease that often causes disfigurement and disability. Due to the visibility of lesions in patients and inadequate understanding of dermatology knowledge in the general public, patients with psoriasis often suffer from stigma in their daily lives, which has adverse effects on their mental health, quality of life, and therapeutic responses. This review summarized the frequently used questionnaires and scales to evaluate stigmatization in patients with psoriasis, and recent advances on this topic. Feelings of Stigmatization Questionnaire, Questionnaire on Experience with Skin Complaints, and 6-item Stigmatization Scale have been commonly used. The relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, disease-related variables, psychiatric disorders, quality of life, and stigmatization in patients with psoriasis has been thoroughly investigated with these questionnaires. Managing the stigmatization in patients with psoriasis needs cooperation among policymakers, dermatologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, researchers, and patients. Further studies can concentrate more on these existing topics, as well as other topics, including predictors of perceived stigmatization, stigmatization from non-patient groups, influence of biologics on stigmatization, and methods of coping with stigmatization.

Institutional memory and contemporary history in the House of Commons, 1547–1640

2018 ◽  
pp. 211-228
Author(s):  
Paul Seaward
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Institutional Memory ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Parliament in the course of a century after 1547 became almost certainly the best-recorded institution in Britain. This essay considers the nature of institutional memory in the late sixteenth-and early seventeenth-century House of Commons. It concerns firstly the nature and quality of institutional memory, and how, while it relied considerably on non-inscribed memory, it changed with the growth of the written record. It discusses the importance of precedent to parliamentarians, and how precedents were identified and selectively used. But more broadly it considers how written records, both of a formal and official nature and a private and unofficial kind, were developed over the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in order to generate a narrative about parliament that helps to consolidate its landmark status. As a result, parliament came to be recognised and revered as the key institution in the relationship between the state and the individual.

Feminist Politics, Domestic Violence and the State

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickie Charles
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
Permanent Housing ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Important Object ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between feminist politics and the state around the issue of domestic violence. Its focus is the refuge movement in Wales. Feminist analyses of the state and feminist political practice identify the state as an important object of struggle. A particular form of feminist politics, the refuge movement, has engaged with the state while retaining its autonomy. It has been instrumental in effecting legal changes which bestow certain rights on women threatened with domestic violence, and in increasing women's access to resources in the form of temporary refuge and permanent housing. Feminist political practice can affect the distribution of resources through engaging with the state, thereby enabling women to challenge the gendered power relations which structure their daily lives.

scholarly journals ASPEK HUKUM INFORMED CONSENT DAN PERJANJIAN TERAPEUTIK

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Muh Amin Dali ◽  
Warsito Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Relationship

(Legal Aspect Of Informed Consent And Therapeutic Agreement). Health is one of the basic rights guaranteed by the state. Therefore, the state is obliged to prepare instruments to protect the health services of citizens. In practice, one of the tools regulated by the state in guaranteeing health services is the Medical Action Agreement. In the medical world, Medical Action Approval is better known as Informed Consent. The approval of this Medical Action will be contained in a written agreement known as the Therapeutic Agreement. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of informed consent and therapeutic agreements based on formal law in Indonesia. The scope of the discussion is the study of the relationship between the Patient Party and the Medical Personnel in the Informed Consent and Therapeutic Agreement and analysis of its formal legal aspects. The results of the study are expected to be a legal reference for the community and also the medical staff so as to increase understanding and legal awareness that lead to improving the quality of health care workers. The approach used in this study is a normative juridical approach and analytical descriptive nature. This study uses secondary data obtained from primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the study describe the analysis of the legal aspects of protecting the rights and obligations of health services for both patients and medical personnel.Kesehatan adalah salah satu hak dasar masyarakat yang dijamin oleh negara. Maka dari itulah negara berkewajiban menyiapkan perangkat-perangkat dalam melindungi hak pelayanan kesehatan warga negara. Dalam praktiknya, salah satu perangkat yang telah diatur oleh negara dalam menjamin pelayanan kesehatan adalah Persetujuan Tindakan Medis. Dalam dunia medis, Persetujuan Tindakan Medis lebih dikenal dengan istilah Informed Consent. Persetujuan Tindakan Medis ini akan dituangkan dalam perjanjian tertulis yang dikenal dengan Perjanjian Terapeutik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Aspek Hukum informed consent dan Perjanjian Terapeutik berdasarkan hukum formil di Indonesia. Ruang lingkup pembahasan adalah pada kajian mengenai hubungan antara Pihak Pasien dan Pihak Tenaga Medis dalam Informed Consent dan Perjanjian Terapeutik serta analisis aspek hukum formilnya. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi hukum bagi masyarakat dan juga para tenaga medis sehingga dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran hukum yang mengarah pada peningkatan kualitas pelayan kesehatan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan analisis aspek hukum tentang perlindungan hak dan kewajiban pelayanan kesehatan bagi pihak pasien maupun tenaga medis.

scholarly journals Introduction of the special edition

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e1
Author(s):  
Paulo Cesar Mendes Villis ◽  
Fabrício Brito Silva
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Special Edition ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Third ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Decentralized Management

The Master in environment holds annually the Environment Forum of the State of Maranhão. In 2019, the third edition of the event was held with the theme: Water Resources Management in Maranhão - Potentialities and Weaknesses for a Participatory and Decentralized Management, which presented 149 scientific papers divided into two distinct areas 82 works in the area of planning and environmental quality and 67 works in the área of health and environment. Due to the importance that the event has been showing to the State and the high scientific quality of the presented works, it was considered pertinent a wider dissemination, where all the scientific community would have access to the accomplished works, hence the idea of a Special Edition in a renowned Scientific Journal. Thus, to compose the special edition of the III Forum on the Environment, 15 articles were selected, which later underwent an “ad hoc” peer review to ensure quality. The articles have varied themes and range from environmental monitoring using georeferencing technologies, going through proposals of intervention methodology for environment recovery to articles focused on the influence of anthropic and environmental factors on human health.

Ruin the Sacred Truths

2019 ◽  
pp. 670-686
Author(s):  
John Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Pastoral Poetry ◽  
Independent Churches ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

This chapter begins by reviewing the relationship between Milton and Marvell, but is devoted more expansively to their literary and intellectual ties. It examines the presence of Milton in Marvell’s pastoral poetry of the early 1650s where Marvell engages with the ‘Nativity Ode’, Comus, and ‘Lycidas’ but avoids reproducing the prophetic quality of Milton’s voice, hedging his allusiveness with delicate irony. The chapter also examines Marvell’s later engagement with Milton’s tolerationist treatises. Like Milton, Marvell is shaped by recent heterodox positions, but steers away from the boldness of the Miltonic vision. Where Milton asks the state to tolerate a variety of fully independent churches and religions, Marvell clings to the more conservative hope that the Church of England will merely include, or ‘comprehend’, a wider range of beliefs and believers. A political realist and a literary ironist, Marvell distances himself from the political idealism and prophetic literariness of Milton.

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